Chlamydia is among the smallest organisms. Under a microscope, they are seen as obligate intracellular parasites. One characteristic of Chlamydia is that they could not produce their own energy which makes them completely dependent on the energy of their hosts (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2001).
Chlamydia undergoes two stages in its development, namely the elementary bodies and the reticulate bodies. In its elementary stage, this organism meets its host and is taken up by phagocytosis which thwarts the process of combination of the lysosome and phagosome. This microscopic event normally kills pathogens. Once the formation of phagolysosome is stopped, the bacteria produce glycogen and it then changes into the reticulate body. Reticulate bodies attain their energy by sending forth “straw-like” structures into the cell cytoplasm of their host. These bodies then are divided by binary fission. It is estimated that for each phagolysosome about 100-1000 reticulate bodies are produced (Chlamydia Trachomatis, n.d.).
Causes
Chlamydia infection is particularly caused by the bacteria known as Chlamydia trachomatis which in turn causes cervicitis and bartholinitis in women and urethritis in men. It also causes extragenital infections which include rectal and oropharyngeal infections (World Health Organization, 2016). As a form of sexually transmitted infection, an individual may get infected through sexual contact – vaginal, anal, or oral sex. A person is more likely
Bacterial Vaginosis, Candidiasis, Chancroid, Granuloma Inguinale, Lymplhogranloma Venereum, Mucopurulent Cervicitis, Molluscum Contagiosu, Nongonococcal Urethritis, and Trichomiasis are more STDs that not as common and not generally discussed. Chlamydia is a bacterial STD and can be contracted through vaginal and anal sex. 75% of women and 25% of men are asymptomatic. The symptoms may include abnormal genital discharge, and burning during urination. Chlamydia can be cured with antibiotics, but the antibiotics can not undo the damage done prior to treatment. If left untreated in women, up to 30% will experience pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) which often causes ectopic pregnancy, infertility, and chronic pelvic pain. In men, causes epidiymitis, an inflammation of the testicles, which causes sterility. Infected individuals are also at a greater risk of contracting HIV. Gonorrhea is a bacterial STD that can be contracted through vaginal, anal, and/or oral sex. Though some cases may be asymptomatic, when symptoms do appear, they are often mild and usually appear within 2-10 days after exposure. The symptoms include discharge from the penis, vagina, or rectum and burning or itching during urination. Gonorrhea can also be treated and cured with antibiotics but they cannot undo the damage done prior to treatment. IF left untreated, gonorrhea can cause PID, eptopic pregnancy, infertility, and chronic pelvic
Chlamydia is a sexual transmitted disease (STD) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which is passed during sexual contact. Chlamydia is the most reported STD in the United States. Chlamydia affects males and females, but females have higher rates of contracting chlamydia. Rates of reported cases of chlamydia in the united states in 2014 in adolescent’s males age 15-19 were
It can also infect the eyes and rectum. 1 in 10 people have been infected with Chlamydia. It its spread through vaginal, anal and oral sex and can be passed on to unborn babies. There can be absolutely no symptoms however if you do have symptoms they can include vaginal bleeding, discharge, pain passing urine, lower abdominal pains, discharge from the penis and testicle pain. This can be treated with antibiotics however if untreated can lead to infertility!
Although chlamydia is a treatable communicable disease simply requiring antibiotics, due to low testing rates and an absence of symptoms in the vast majority of cases, it can be left untreated. This can lead the infection to spread to other parts of the body, causing significant morbidity.
Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and it is caused by a bacterial infection. Chlamydia trachomatis is the specific bacterium responsible for the condition, affecting approximately 1 million people in the United States and almost a quarter of a million in the United Kingdom.
Chlamydia is a very small microorganism that affects the lining of mucous membranes of the genitals, mouth, anus and rectum. Chlamydia is one of the most common known STD here in the United States, in fact almost 3 million people a year are affected, both men and women. Leaving Chlamydia untreated can cause long term affects and permanent damages. In women it can cause for her to be infertile, and it men can cause his sperm count to be lower and reduce the chances of reproducing. Each year around 100,000 women are infertile from pelvic inflammatory disease. You can attract Chlamydia by having sexual intercourse with someone that has it rather its vaginal, anal or oral sex. There is one way to reduce a sexual transmitted diseases such as Chlamydia, is to have absolutely no sexual intercourse at all.
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most widespread and infamous bacterial infection affecting the genital tract. Not only is it quite common in developed countries but an increase in cases has sprung up in developing countries as well. In the United States, there is a 4 million per year case rate of chlamydia which costs the US approximately $2 billion dollars in consequences and treatments. Persons who suffer from chlamydia in underdeveloped countries and have no means of seeking treatment may become blind because chlamydia has the potential of causing trachoma. It is becoming a global interest to control and restrain this budding disease. In order to do so it is essential to recognize the symptoms of chlamydia, diagnose the victim, and
Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease (STD). It is spread through sexual contact. Chlamydia can be in different areas of the body. These areas include the urethra, throat, or rectum. It is important to treat chlamydia as soon as possible. It can damage other organs if left untreated.
Chlamydia is a bacterial infection that is found in semen and vaginal fluids. It can be spread through anal, vaginal, and oral sex to your sex partner. Because Chlamydia is a bacterial infection it can be cured with the use of antibiotics, but the individual will have to be tested first. Chlamydia can show no signs in patients but if it does patients will experience a burning sensation when urinating, lower abdomen pain, discharge from penial and vaginal area, swollen testicles, and pain or bleeding in anal area. It has been reported that 466 Chlamydia cases have been diagnosed per 100,000. Specifically in Huntsville, Texas there has been an increase amount of Chlamydia cases reported at Sam Houston State University. The rise in Chlamydia cases was due to a lot more students at the Sam Houston State
Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted bacterium that falls into the genus Chlamydia. In general it is prevalent amongst the younger adults due to living a promiscuous life style. C. trachomatis can be responsible for both long and short term effects from contracting this bacterial disease therefore the longer you have it the more severe the effects can be. Chlamydia can be asymptomatic meaning it can go unnoticed for a prolonged period of time without any symptoms; the symptoms that do arise are ones that can’t be ignored for they are irritating, painful and harmful, if left untreated. Anyone participating in any kind of sexual activity should be tested annually. There are a variety of ways and resources for diagnosing C. trachomatis along with treatments for this infection which include antibiotics and prevention strategies. C. trachomatis is the most common and reported sexually transmitted disease (STD) in Wisconsin (1). C. trachomatis has specific microbial characteristics such as size and shape. C. trachomatis is an obligate intracellular parasite which is a type of parasite that can reproduce only inside their host cell. Chlamydia is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomati. This bacterium can only be spread by having one or any of the following: anal, vaginal, and oral sex with someone who has chlamydia, this
The common term that is known to us around the world is chlamydia, but most people do not know its scientific name, which is called chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydia is among the smallest living organisms. It is nonmotile and a gram-negative cocci bacteria. These parasites can bind to intracellular bacteria that only affect humans. So in a nut shell chlamydia cannot survive without us humans, where it takes everything from us but does not give back. In order for it to make copies of itself it needs the help of a human. Without the help of a human it cannot make copies of itself nor survive because it needs ATP and other nutrients that it isn’t capable of making on its own. It was believed that this bacterium was known to be a virus due to the fact it cannot synthesize ATP and grows only inside of a host cell. The cytoplasmic inclusion of chlamydia was mistaken for a protozoan parasite for a long period of time before they figured it out that it was a virus.
A more serious disease called lymphogranuloma venereum (when Chlamydia cause lesions in the genital mucosa and enter it) is also caused by Chlamydia, but it is not endemic in the developed world. People with Gonorrhoea are susceptible to a chlamydial infection. Females aged 15-24 (USA) are most susceptible to Chlamydia. Incidence rate and prevalence are highest among blacks.
Chlamydia Pneumoniae comes from a distinct Chlamydia species. This type of infection is usually associated with atherosclerotic vascular disease mainly. It is an obligate intracellular bacterium that will infect humans and is the major leading cause of pneumonia. The bacteria, for it to reproduce, must infect other cells which is what makes it an obligate intracellular pathogen. C. Pneumoniae is a gram negative bacterium which will undergo several transitions during its life cycles. This bacterium is an elementary body (EB) meaning that it is resistant to environmental stresses and can survive outside its host for a long amount of time but it’s not a biologically active pathogen. The way this EB works is that, it will travel from the lung of an infected person to the lungs of the uninfected person in small droplets and will then become responsible for the infection. The EB then goes through the process of phagocytosis and becomes the reticulate body (RB); it then can start its replication process within the endosome. It then will convert itself back to EB and infect the cells in the lungs of the host killing the host cell in the process. This infections life cycle is split up between the EB, which can infect new hosts but it’s not able to replicate, and the RB, which is replicable but it is not able to infect other cells to cause the new
Chlamydomonas are single-celled organisms with two apical flagella, which they use for sensory transduction and for moving around in a wet environment. But Chlamydomonas unicells don't always have these flagella. They resorb them in preparation for cell division, so the Chlamydomonas life cycle consists of alternation between a swimming phase during which the cells grow, and an a flagellate/immotile reproductive phase during which they replicate their DNA and divide. When Chlamydomonas cells divide, they use what is called a multiple fission mode of division: They usually undergo sequential rounds of DNA replication and mitosis, and produce four, eight, or sixteen unicellular, asexual daughter cells. In Volvox, these two functions — swimming
Chlamydomonas has two anteriorly inserted whiplash flagella that are similar to human cilia and contain the same flagella as humans. Chlamydomonas also is not a new model organism, meaning that there are many different mutant strains that have unique characteristics from one another. Those unique characteristics sometime mimic environments inside the body and can be used to see how the body will react to the variable without actually affecting a patient.