City Pollution In Mumbai

The city of Mumbai has seen much growth in the past years. A string of elegant hotels have been set up for travelers and high-class business men. An ever growing, top of the line airport has been built for those coming in and out of the country. From the outside, Mumbai seems to have taken a liking to being internationally integrated with the rest of world, otherwise known as globalization. This is not the case, however; as seen in Katherine Boo’s novel Behind the Beautiful Forevers: Life, Death, and Hope in a Mumbai Undercity. This novel is set in a slum right next to the Mumbai International Airport called

For example, one of the slum’s young women, Manju is on track to become the first female graduate from Annawadi. Another can be seen in Abdul’s business of recycling and how it is helping improve his own economic conditions. Or through a number of the younger Annawadi kids going to these prop up free or “bridge” schools, despite them not being of the highest quality. While this may not seem to be rather huge events, or some may view them in isolation of each other, it at least demonstrates a slight trend of upward mobility and a subjective increase in quality of life for a number of Annawadi’s civilians. These smaller trends would perhaps distinguish Annawadi from India’s true poor citizens who were born in to poverty and have seen almost or perhaps no opportunity to escape the situation of which they were born in. This can be related back to the idea of development being a widening of peoples capabilities or opportunities, and that Annawadi may not be considered truly poor in comparison inside India due to a number of it’s people finding or having the smallest openings to exploit scenarios where they have been able to improve their life

The school excellence in Dharavi is excellence. There are an estimated 5000 businesses is Dharavi. Some consist of recycling, leather products, jewelry, food, pots, clothing and various accessories. 85% of people in Dharavi have a job. The biggest recycling industry is recycling. The recycling industry is reported to employ approximately 250,000 people, so it is a very big thing there. People who work in the recycling only make about a dollar a day. People who work in the recycling industry are called rag pickers and there have been at least 4 generations working as such. It is estimated that the neighborhoods of this slum contribute about 1 billion dollars to Mumbai’s economy. This community is filled with business and industry. Some of the industries in Dharavi have made some people rich. Those who have become rich stay in Dharavi because they don’t want to leave, it’s their home and they stay humble. The people of this slum are very organized,

New York City has unique benefits in that there are tremendous amounts of people who live within close proximity to each other. This has resulted in higher uses of mass transit systems (such as: subways and buses). On average, New York’s total environmental footprint is 7.1 metrics tons per person annually. This is much lower than national average of 24.5 metric tons. The city contributes 1% of the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere for the United States each year. (“Inventory Greenhouse of New York City,” 2007) (Jarvey, 2006)

While it may be easier to persuade yourself that Boo’s published stories are works of fiction, her writings of the slums that surround the luxury hotels of Mumbai’s airport are very, very real. Katherine Boo’s book “Behind the Beautiful Forevers – Life, Death, and Hope in a Mumbai Undercity” does not attempt to solve problems or be an expert on social policy; instead, Boo provides the reader with an objective window into the battles between extremities of wealth and poverty. “Behind the Beautiful Forevers,” then, exposes the paucity and corruption prevalent within India.

Homes are different in India than in the U.S. because homes in the U.S. are mad by organizations that have the desire to help those who live in poverty. Organization like NHC (National Coalition for the Homeless), build homes and shelters for those who need them. In contrast, homes in the Mumbai under city in India are built with tents and are separated by only a sheet. Homes in India are surrounded by pollution, dumped by nearby oil companies, which pollutes rivers and food sources.

The government also promises to the poor, better schools and hospitals. Balram’s father died because there was improper medical care in their home town, and the life expectancy in India is only 66.8 years. There are nearly 1,189,172,906 people in India and only 61% of the people living in India are literate. In New Delhi, though, the government does fulfill its promises to the rich. They live unaware and uncaring of the slums surrounding their middle class lives. The government makes promises of better livelihoods to its people that are never fulfilled; causing India’s poor to remain in the slums and the government to have little understanding of the problems poor people face.

Poverty and oppression is a serious condition that is prevalent even in today’s modern society. Women and children are exposed to poverty and subjected to a life of injustice. One of the countries where such problems still occur is in India. Despite the country’s modernization, there lies an undercity where the disparity of wealth is transparent. These social problems are thoroughly described in movies and literature such as Slumdog Millionaire and Behind the Beautiful Forevers. In the book Behind the Beautiful Forevers by Catherine Boo, the author describes slum life for a set of individuals and the hardship that their social conditions confined them to. Another movie that gave insight to slum life in India is Slumdog Millionaire

Urban Primacy is defined as a condition in which a country has a primate city three to four times larger than any other city in the country. Examples are Latin America, China and India. The primate cities are sometimes, but not always the capital.They dominate the country in influence and are the national focal-point. Their size and activity becomes a strong pull factor, bringing additional residents to the city and causing the primate city to become even larger and more disproportional to smaller cities in the country. India's most populous city is Mumbai with 16 million; second is Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) with more than 13 million; and third is less than 13 million. China, Canada, Australia, and Brazil are additional examples of non-primate-city

In the novel Behind the Beautiful Forevers, Indian paupers live in Annawadi slum, a place where is descried as “a bitty slum popped up in the biggest city of a country that holds one third of the planet’s poor.” (Boo, 3) Poverty–a lack of wealth and basic needs–influences every single part of people’s lives and stories, just likes to stalk people documented in the book like a nightmare. In Annawadi slum, poverty is nearly unavoidable and inescapable. There is no running water, no relief services, and the people do not take care of what they have, because they can barely afford to take care of themselves. This harsh circumstance reveals the fact that further advances in human welfare for the poor are now often threatened by a belief in the West

In the nonfiction book written by Suketu Mehta, Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found, the title holds significant meaning. The reason behind this is explored within the first chapter, “Personal Geography,” as it concisely represents why Mehta chose this as the name of his work (3). Through the telling of his history in Bombay as a child and his rediscovery of it coming back as an adult, Mehta sets the stage for an in-depth description of this city and its nature throughout the rest of the book. This transformation from an insider to the culture of the city, to an outsider, to a potential insider is the essence of this first chapter, and overall the inspiration that Mehta uses to write this book. He makes the reader understand that this act of recording all of this information about Bombay is not to only to educate the reader, but also to educate and reacquaint himself with his city. Through immersing himself in the culture and the lifestyle, he finally receives the citizenship that he lost when he was a child and has been desiring since then.

Slumming it is a documentary on one of Mumbai's largest slum, Dharavi. The narrator, Kevin McCloud’s voice is the dominate one of this documentary as we are shown Dharavi through his perspective and his editors who effect what we see throughout this documentary. The audience is shown Kevin’s perspective on Dharavi mostly negative.

In order for the government to accommodate for the unprecedented population boom during the Industrial Revolution that took place in 19th century Britain, millions of people were shoved in cramped and hastily built compartments known as slums, lacking sanitation and basic necessities. Unfortunately these conditions are prevalent in modern-day Mumbai, where massive amounts of people migrate to the city’s slums in search of jobs and opportunities. The Mumbai government has posed inefficient solutions to the issue of overpopulation, all of which result in the demolition of the residents’ homes without due compensation. What the people need is a solution that fixes the state of the slums but doesn’t destroy their homes. Without the

Starting in the year 2004, the air pollution has reached an alarming level in the city o Toronto. Dr Barbara Yaffe, the acting medical officer of health of Toronto Public health, has released a report in July 2004 saying that the “air pollution [in the city] has contributed to over 1700 premature deaths and 6000 hospitalization admission in Toronto each year” (Yaffe, 2004, p.i). According to this report, pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and carbon monoxide have increased within the air of the city; these pollutants are tiny particles that are 2.5 micron in diameter or less and can affect people’s respiratory system and cause cardiovascular and respiratory problems such as “asthma, bronchitis in children, adult chronic bronchitis, and heart problem” (TPH, 2007, figure 1). Although it

Air, is one of the most substantial source to mankind and our planet. While it exists, so does everything else along. However, in today’s epidemic, there has been certain factors that have increased in understanding whether the air we breathe today is healthy or not? Is it doing more harm than we thought? In other words, the health risks against air pollution have risen in the past few decades; all from what you may ask? Well, it could be for various factors and evaluations; either environmental or materialistic. Pollution is a major public health crisis in the world. (Friis, 2012). This is one of the conflicts that contribute to various aspects of an individual’s life, whether they may realize it or not. In this paper will include the sources that cause pollution with the effects it cause as well as policies on the regulation of air pollution.