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Commedia Dell Arte Research Paper

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Commedia dell’ Arte theatre emerged as a new form of stage entertainment in Italy in the late 16th Century, and reached the height of its artistic and commercial success in 1650; then flourished in Europe for two hundred years. Commedia was seen as one of the highest forms of entertainment, and is now considered to be the template of almost every practice of theatre. Commedia troupes performed for and were accessible to all social classes, and remarkably was also the first practice of theatre to use women. The exact origins of Commedia dell'Arte are still undetermined, but scholars believe that it was inspired by Atellan farces in Rome, Latin comedies of Terence and Plautus, Commedia Erudita (written comedy) of the Renaissance; and from clowns …show more content…

Within these groups are the original four stock characters - Arlecchino - an innocent but foolish servant, Pantalone - generally a peace-loving but arrogant man represented as an old merchant or a rich man and master to Arlecchino, Dottore - a loquacious and pompous doctor and victim to the pranks of his servants, daughter, and wife; and another servant, Brighella who was a bolder, more cunning and greedy version of his fellow servant Arlecchino. In the prime of Commedia, the driving forces were the Zanni - the servants; who assist with the young lover's struggles - circumstances usually involving their love being obstructed by one or two of the old men. The scenarios are then centred on the Zanni's trickery on the masters - allowing the lovers to be triumphant and the audience to appreciate the humour in the status change between servant and master.
With the introduction of women's roles in theatre, came the development of standard female roles within Commedia such as the 'Prima Donna' - Isabella; who was usually the son of Pantalone, and her servant Colombina: the love interest of Arlecchino. These additional characters allowed Commedia troupes to employ far more sophisticated storylines, which then resulted in Commedia being labelled as “the Perfect Comedy” because of its balanced themes and complicated plot twists focused on the 'thwarted' dreams …show more content…

Each stock character developed a distinct set of attributes such as characteristic speech, gestures, interaction with each other, props, masks and costumes - which became standard to the portrayal of their individual characters. The actors sometimes created their own masks or further developed ones already established, which helped keep the traditional continuity of the characters while still allowing diversity.
Although the troupes presented the idea of being anarchic in spirit, they were actually very disciplined, as they had to have the talent of improvisational comedy around a pre-established simple scenario. Commedia often tended to poke fun at elements of society's respectable values by means of exaggerated gestures and styles and insightful character traits. The actors were at liberty to modify their performances to their audiences, incorporating sly commentary on politics and risqué

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