Complexity Paradigm

Mina Loy’s writing, “Feminist Manifesto”, is about feminism in the early 20th century. In this period, women were fighting for equality in their everyday life. Loy’s idea is that women should not try to be equal to man but to find a standard within themselves to live up to. This piece has modernism ideas as she is encouraging a change to society and women’s values. She repeatedly questions traditional values and beliefs about women’s roles in society. She was trying to make a historical change for all women in the 20th century. Loy says, “She abandons the suffragette movement’s central issue of equality and insists instead on an adversarial model of gender, claiming that women should not look to men for a standard of value but should find it

In his lecture Is Feminism Bad for Multiculturalism?, Chandran Kukathas argues that the ideals of feminism and multiculturalism are fundamentally opposed to each other, and that when push comes to shove, it is multiculturalism that is ultimately more important to protect. He attempts to argue against Susan Okin 's argument in her Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women? by first laying out her own argument and then arguing against her premises. I will do the same here, first summarizing Kukathas 's argument and will then attempt to point out the flaws present in his lecture.

Then, she wrote the essay “The Master’s Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House” in order to talk about women and those elements that were ignored: race, sexuality, class, and age. By a patriarchal world, women need a freedom, which allows them to be by active, not in order to be used by passive. White feminists have educated themselves in the past many years, and then how about women of color? As women, there are no differences, so those who are differences need to learn how to stand alone in order to seek a world in which we can all flourish. “It is learning how to take our differences and make them strength(112).” However, is the feminist education only by women could change the situation of the patriarchal

The topic that I choose is Generational Studies and Segmented assimilation, particularly first generation of children with immigrant parents. I chose this topic because it was a topic that I can relate to. Having immigrant parents, who have settled in New York City, makes my siblings and I first generation of Mexican-American. Due to this we have had to adapt to some aspects of American culture and Mexican culture, education can be affected.

Amongst all of the readings and class discussions, all sorts of different topics have been covered. From our biological makeup and how it affects us (nature), to how we were brought up and raised and how that shapes us (nurture). All of the topics that we have covered so far all have somewhat to do with one another. The main idea from part 1 of this class has to do with the different things that have made us humans, into who we are today not only as individuals, but as a culture (and sub-cultures).

The women’s liberation movement (or feminism as it is now known) of the 1960s and 1970s touched every home, business, and school (WA, 705). The movement even touched the sports and entertainment industries, in fact, “There are few areas of contemporary life untouched by feminism” (WA, 717). The word feminism in the early 1960’s wasn’t often used and when it was it was used with condescension or hatred. However, in the late sixties that changed thanks to a new group of women. This new diverse group of women included the: young, old, heterosexual, lesbians, working class, and even the privileged. This diverse group came together and collectively created the second wave of feminism.

Lila Abu-Lughod also writes about feminism in regard to culture. “ It has been important for most feminists to locate sex differences in culture, not biology or nature,” (Abu-Lughod, p. 144). There have been many cultural differences between women and men, “ a different voice” perhaps from Anglo-American feminist Gilligan and her followers, (Abu-Lughod, p. 145), as well as an explanation of the differences, “ whether through a socially informed psychoanalytic theory, a Marxist-derived theory of the effects of the division of labour and women’s role in social reproduction, an analysis of maternal practice or even a theory of sexual exploitation,” (Abu-Lughod, p. 145).

According to Butts and Rich (2015), complexity science is a knowledge founded on physics and mathematics that operates using basic principles to elucidate the connection between variables. Butts and Rich add that complexity science is a developing field of interest that is catching the attention of scholars from different disciplines because it provides a different viewpoint on various phenomena of interest. According to Sturmberg and Martin (2009), although there has been an ongoing push for application of complexity science in health care, this is not an attempt to eradicate the reductionistic view. Complexity science only aims to fabricate a new and more comprehensive understanding of the world by unifying both the holistic and reductionist viewpoint (Sturmberg & Martin, 2009).

Levy further asserts her binary comparison in a temporal manner by comparing the feminism of the past with the feminism of the present, as she claims “in recent years, the term feminism has fallen further and further out of favour” (Levy, 86). By framing her own views of feminism as those belonging to an earlier point in the timeline, she privileges these views as “original” or “authentic”. Yet this does not acknowledge that the “anti-porn wars” of the 80’s was a point at which feminism branched out, rather than transitioned from one set of beliefs to another. As a result, the cultural changes that she observed occurred in the presence of both stances of feminism, making it difficult to distil the cause. Levy privileges past over present in her suggestion

Women and men have had certain roles in society that were understood amongst them to be specified for their particular gender. Males were known to have the leading role as head of the house hold and the bread winner while the woman’s duty was to stay at home and take care of the house and children. While many people years ago deemed this way of life and practice to be the right and ethical thing to do, times have changed and so this kind of treatment towards a woman’s equality must be questioned. Even though times have changed, this mindset of a woman’s ability to be as good as a man has not completely gone away. In today’s society a woman contributes to the economy and her family as equally as that of a man. Therefore, women should share equal rights and opportunities as their gender counterparts.

The idea of “Feminism” is seen in the eyes of many as “women who want to be more masculine” whenever its true meaning is just women who want equality and the same respect and opportunities that men have. This belief has been built up over time through many different perspectives which is why it had turned into the negative idea of what it is. This idea of “Feminism” affected the social hierarchy and system where people were categorized based upon their sex and the social impact it made created and resolved multiple social issues. The idea of “Feminism” impacted the interactions between men and women and the morals of society and through this created power in women as well introduce a long needed new peace amongst the sexes.

Feminism and feminist social theory unlike other theoretical perspectives is woman-centered and inter-disciplinary, hence promotes methods of achieving social justice. The feminism and feminist social theory takes into consideration three questions, what of the women? Why is the present social world as it is today? Additionally, how can the social world be changed to make it more just for the women and all people alike? In recent developments, feminist theorists have begun questioning the differences between women. The areas under question include race, ethnicity, class, age intersect, and gender. In summation, the feminist theory involves the concern with giving women world over voice, and highlighting how they have contributed to the

In this essay I argue that multiculturalism and establishing group rights for cultures is not as harmful to the interests women as Okin implies in her essay, “Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women?”. (587). First I will outline Okin’s examples which she uses to frame her view of the control of women by men in their cultures. I will also outline her arguments that group rights and multiculturalism should be viewed skeptically. I will then define multiculturalism. Then I will argue that Okin uses vague ‘tunnel vision’ examples to support her ideas that multiculturalism is bad for women. I will also provide stories and examples in cultures where women are respected.

Feminism, in theory, binds women from all over the world. They come together to protect their rights as equal human beings. For such a long time, men have dominated over women, looking down upon them and perceiving them as lesser beings. Feminism has allowed women from all cultures and races, to come together to fight for their rights. However, nothing is ever as simple as one may hope. Feminism constitutes women from all over the world, making it difficult from time to time to understand and empathize with each other due to different cultures, races and religions. Teresa de Lauretis (2014) says that “the identity as a woman of color is one not given but acquired, attained, and developed out of the specific historical experience”.

It may be helpful to first clarify what is meant by both feminism and multiculturalism. Though it is difficult to definitively state what is meant by these complex