Context and analysis of Psalm 34
The Book of Psalms went though many changes during history and scholars believe that it “reached its final form by 200/190 B.C.E”. It is also believed that the last editors had a “sapi-ential background” and that this factor influenced the final arrangement of the psalms. Many scholars suppose therefore that superscriptions to the psalms were added in second moment. Of the 73 so called “Davidic psalms” found in the Book of Psalms thirteen have a caption re-ferring to specific episodes of King David’s life: Psalm 34 is one of these. This psalm is usu-ally included in the thanksgiving psalms and intended to be used after a time of “persecution and difficulty”. But, above all, Psalm 34 is a wisdom poem in which
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The purpose Psalm 34 is patently “to encourage a par-ticular group of followers of YHWH to remain true to their principles since they were the true righteous, the followers of YHWH who would be protected and blessed by him”. This par-ticular group is the so-called “corpus piorum” , i.e. those who are upright as opposed to the wicked. These upright are described as “the humble” (anawim), “those who fear him (YHWH)”, “the man who takes refuge in him”, “his holy ones”, “those who seek YHWH”, “sons” (a common way of the wisdom teacher to address his pupils), “the righteous”, “the broken-hearted”, “those crushed in spirit”, and “his servants”. As already mentioned, this is a wisdom psalm and as such its ultimate purpose is to indicate the way to happiness.
The superscription of Psalm 34 is: “Of David, who altered his sanity before Abimelech, so that he drove him out, and he went away”. Scholars believe that “since it is a note on the poem, written in terse prose” it was added later during “the process of editing the Psalter… by… a ‘Davidising’ editor”. But the first problem in connection with information is that the only in-cident in the Bible that can be related to this heading seems to be that of David in front of King Achish (not Abimelech) which is found in 1 Samuel
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The community is meant to “grow… and become the corpus piorum continually apostrophized by the poet with diverse designations such as ‘the humble’ (vv. 2, 6), 'those who fear the Lord' (vv. 7, 9), 'the saints’ (v. 9), 'the righteous' (vv. 15, 19, 21) and 'the servants of God’ (v. 22)” .
The psalmist is aware of being part of the corpus piorum and this influences the way he prays not only for himself but for the whole community as one body. Here the concept of “fear of YHWH” (the beginning of wisdom) is prominent. The psalmist faith allows him to perceive with his senses the goodness of the YHWH. “Taste and see that the Lord is good” shows that those who belong to God and seek his good pleasure are able to perceive God’s presence in all things, while the wicked see evil everywhere.
Verse 11 proclaiming that “young lions suffer want and hunger, but those who seek the Lord lack no good thing” inclines to believe that those who trust in their own strength will end up with nothing while those who trust in the Lord will be satisfied: only God can satisfy since “a human heart brimming over with joy in the goodness of
The title of the Psalm is not always a direct indicator of who the author was because the preposition “of,” “to,” and “for”. They are all the same in Hebrew. For example, if the title of the psalm was “Psalm of David” it could have been a psalm that he wrote himself. It also could have been one that
The author of Psalm 78 writes with intentions of giving hope to people after the Northern disaster in 721 BCE. He is attempting to get the people to not lose their faith in God. He does this by reminding his readers of three key things, the first being how much both they and their ancestors disobeyed God. This is an attempt by the author to show the people it was only a matter of time before something like this happened. You cannot continue to disobey God and expect him to keep providing for you. The second reminder is about Gods power. Throughout this Psalm the reader is reminded of Gods divine power, and the past miracles that have been bestowed on the Israelites. The third and final reminder comes at the end of the Psalm, where the people are reminded that God handpicked the tribe of Judah, and handpicked David. This reminds the people to never forget they are the chosen people and God handpicked them. All three of these themes combine to produce the authors message-- As long as we trust in God we will be ok, we are the chosen people, and we have the greatest and most powerful God there could be.
The word psalm is originated of the Greek word Psalms, which is a striking of pious song, according to www.biblestudytoll.com. The psalms are spiritual, hymn and the melody of the heart. They were originally composed to be accompanied by a musical instrument. David for example used the harp to go with them. The writing of the psalm took many centuries, going from the period where Moses was living through Salomon, the son of David. In fact, according to Chuck on his audio message, “Individual psalms were written as far back in history as Moses’s time, through the time of David, Asaph, and Solomon, to the time of the Ezrahites who most likely lived after the Babylonian captivity, meaning the writing of the book spans one thousand years. According to the fact that the psalms were written during a thousand years, that means
This paper provides a summary and an assessment of the approach for determining the relationship of a psalm to Jesus the Messiah proposed by Richard P. Belcher Jr. in his book The Messiah and the Psalms: Preaching Christ from all the Psalms . This paper also provides an analysis of Psalm 45 and whether Psalm 45 should be used to teach on the church as the bride of Christ. Lastly, this paper provides an analysis of Psalm 22 and whether Psalm 22 speaks of the Messiah.
What remains fascinating to me from this book is the Israelites ability to preserve these massive collections of psalms even after the destruction of the temple and subjection to a foreign religion in Babylon for a long time. Their discipline to pass on these psalms from one person to another through singing and reciting demonstrate how significant these psalms were to them. What adds value to this book more is the author’s ability not only to introduce the psalms, but offer tips to the readers on how to read the psalms better to understand them
Briggs, Charles A. and Emilie G. Briggs. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Psalms. The International Critical Commentary, vol. 10. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark International, 1907.
In Psalms, we see a collection of lyrical poetry, songs and prayers. Many of these were written by King David himself. The book covers almost the entire gamut of human emotion, from sorrow to joy, from doubt to faith.
This psalm was written by David when he was in a distressful state, being chased by Saul who
Genre: The genre of Psalm 139 is Hebrew poetry, simply because the psalms were written in Hebrew and are a collection of poems and laments. The first principle of interoperation is that the psalms blend experience, emotion, and theology. This should be taken into account while reading the poem in order that the reader does not simply skip over the theology by only focusing on experience and emotion. The second interoperation principle is that each psalm should be read as a whole. Verses of psalms should not be taken out of context, in doing this the reader may distort the meaning of the psalm. Another interpretation principle to take into consideration is the different genres of psalms such as: laments, thanksgiving, hymns of praise, wisdom, and songs of trust. With that being said, Psalm 139 not only falls under the Hebrew poetry genre, but is also classified as a psalm of trust. Lastly, the fourth interpretation principle is that parallelisms are used. In other words, ideas correlate in many different ways such as: synonymously, antithesis, intensifying, specifying, and synthetically.
Psalm 24 can easily be summed up as a Psalm that articulates the power of God, or as Kidner(2009) sums it up in the chapter of Psalm 24, the “King of Glory, The All- Creating, The All-Holy and The All-Victorious.” But to fully grasp what the Psalmist is trying to say one must
The overall structure of the Psalm is that it is broken into two halves. The first half of the psalm is God’s creation. The second half deals with God’s Word. Though they are both different they both share the common theme of god revealing Himself to mankind. Inside of these halves the author uses different parallelism. In the first verse we see synonymous parallelism, using the heavens and skies to make the point that they are telling of God’s Work. In the seventh verse we see synthetic parallelism showing the progression from perfection to restoration of the imperfect.
The Book of Psalms is the Book of Prayer. Whoever wants to learn to pray let him pray to David and whoever prays with the psalms, David shall be a teacher for him, how he should pray as a father that shall hold his son's hand to teach him how to write. In the Book of Psalms we know ourselves and the weaknesses and pitfalls that are in us and we find in this travel fall and the advancement of prayers of repentance and thanksgiving and praise. Psalms are filled with many prophecies concerning the incarnation, pain and resurrection of the Lord. It is the greatest witness to the life of the Lord Jesus, so Peter said that David is a prophet (Acts 30: 2).
Several of the Psalms are noted as being a Psalm of David. Many are referenced by the word Miktam or Michtam. The meaning of the word is uncertain, but many scholars refer to it as a “golden psalm.” There are many other suggestions such as, stelegraphic publication, atonement psalm, or even secret prayer. Regardless, they all deal with situations going on in David’s life. In psalm fifty-nine it uses the word as David is writing about Saul sending men to watch him and of his fear Saul wanting to kill him. Some other situations surrounding the book of Psalms include; Psalm three, as David’s son rebels against his father, Psalm six focuses on David’s sin with Bathsheba and Uriah. Psalm nine gives insight on the death of David’s son and
The authorship of Psalm 119 remains unknown. Most scholars believe the author to be King David because of its Davidic tone and expression. It is also assumed that this Psalm is written over a period of someone’s life, as it shows maturity as the Psalm progresses (Bible hub). Regardless of the identity of the Psalmist, Psalm 119 has very special and unique qualities. Psalm 119 is not only the longest chapter in the book of Psalms, but of the entire Bible. Some believe that since Psalm 119 is the longest chapter of the Bible, it shows the priority of God’s Word to God. (bible.org) Although Psalm 119 is quite a long chapter, it is written in a format that allows the reader to study and follow the structure of the psalm with ease. This specific Psalm is written in the form of an acrostic poem, meaning each section begins with a letter from the alphabet. In this case, each section, made up of eight verses, begin with each of the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet. Thus, the first eight couplets begin with aleph (A), the next eight begin with beth (B), then so forth in the same suit. (bible.org)
The last segment of the Psalm is Moses’ appeal to God for him to return his presence to his people: “Return, O LORD, how long? And let it repent thee concerning thy servants.” Not only should God return, but Moses asks for complete restoration and for God to bless the work of man: “Let thy work appear unto thy servants, and thy glory unto their children. And let the beauty of the LORD our God be upon us: and establish thou the work of our hands upon us; yea, the work of our hands establish thou it.