Ethnicity and the Police Part I: Outline
Eileen Garcia
CJA/344 Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice
June 17, 2013
STEPHEN HUMPHRIES
Police corruption and citizen complaints relative to ethnicity I. Introduction A. Police corruption
Police corruption has become an international problem. This was initially a common practice during the period when the police institutions were being developed but the effect has been felt by many people, even affecting peacekeeping operations. The police abuse and corruption has become endemic in the U.S making many citizens seek help from other organization. An example of such a case was experienced in the police training program in Afghanistan were the civilians were brutally abused forcing
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1. The U.S. Supreme Court on the court case this is the case of 2009 where the Supreme Court agreed that this had been against the sixth amendment right of confrontation for anyone who is under suspicion to be given a chemical drug test report and not having a testimony of the person who is carrying out the test. In spite of the ruling that such practices were not allowed by the constitution, it also rules out that the “notice-on-demand” statues were in line with the constitution. The state was not in a position of violating the constitution by this statue by notifying the defendant that the prosecution was able to submit a test even though they didn’t have a testimony from the person who carried it out, as it will also give the defendant enough time to object the results. 2. Forensics examiners that violated the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
Because of the case, the court came up with a clean distinction between the confrontation and compulsory clauses. Even though the sixth amendment ranted Melendez-Diaz got a permit to be able to call the forensic expert and have them as a witness. Instead, this would somehow reduce the trouble of having more witnesses on the side of the defendant as opposed to the prosecution side. However, it is a requirement that there should be testimony produced by the forensic experts who carry out the test on chemical substances in such cases. This right was
The Miranda warning is a landmark case, the Supreme Court decided five to four majority in the case Miranda v. Arizona in 1966, stating that the Constitution’s Fifth Amendment prohibition against self-implication connected to a person in the custody of a police officer or denied of his opportunity of activity in any substantial way. However, with the specific objective to protect this benefit, the Court ruled, person must, before any questioning, be warned that he has a right to remain silent, that any statement he does make may be used as evidence against him, and that he has right to presence of an attorney, retained or appointed (Miranda v. Arizona 384 U.S. 436 (1966). Which allow the right individuals to have an attorney present prior to be questioning. Miranda warning is used and enforced by all law enforcement in the United States. It was established because of the incident of March 13, 1963, with Ernesto Miranda. The Phoenix Police Department arrested Miranda on circumstantial evidence which linked him to kidnap and rape of an eighteen year old woman a
Police brutality is the lavish physical assault or verbal assault during police procedures which can involve interrogating or apprehending a suspect. Police brutality originated from the labor worker strikes in the 1800’s through the 1900’s. The violent brutal act of these officers usually formed around the lower socioeconomic class. Since then police brutality has hit an all-time high in the 21st century. In New York alone there has been reportedly over 72 police brutality reports some reports even ended in the deaf of a citizen. There’s been claim of police officers violently choking citizens at traffics stops and beating citizen up in public. There’s been new technology such as body cameras which are used by most police but not all.
Police brutality and police militarization have become a hot topic in the United States of America. There are many cases where police officers motives are being questioned, leading the public into an uproar. Just to name a few of these cases, we have Micheal Brown from Fegurson, Missouri, that started it all, which took place on Augest 19th, 2014. We also have Eric Garner from New York, taking place July of 2014. July of 2016, Alton Sterling of Baton Rouge and Walter Scott from South Carolina in April of 2015.
Throughout history, there has been very few careers that require such a high degree of an ethical standard such as the one required for law enforcement. There is, however, a multitude of careers that require the dedication and heart such as required for a police member. Where this dedication and heart differs relies solely on the difference in the job. Officers are required to be aware of their surroundings nearly all the time as if something were to happen they would be required to navigate through the situation successfully. Somebody such as a CEO for a multimillion dollar company would not require this same quality due to the fact it is not part of their job description and the only individual that he/she needs to be worried about is themselves. However, in today’s society, and with media being an ever growing aspect, some police officers have decided on their own personal way to handle justice. So unfortunately, this small percentage of police contract a huge amount of negative eyes to the profession. This small number of individuals bring a negative view to the police department as a whole and for this cause an issue in the public’s eye. Regardless of what many individuals believe, many of the police officers decide on the ethical side of the job and are hardworking professionals who seek out to just serve the public. However, being an African American male myself the main issue I have and want to combat is the punishment officers should face if
This topic police brutality is so important to our because Police is brutality is so big right now and we cant people have innocent people in the streets getting shot for doing what they're supposed to be doing. Why we are talking about this is because we have to make a change and stop what is going on. Police have been targeting black lives and there a holding them at gunpoint and shooting them before they even get a trail or can go to court. We as in all of us shouldn't be scared to walk outside or they shouldn't be scared to see a police. Police are here to protect us and it feels like we are at war with them right now but there are supposed to protect us.
Police brutality and corrupt cop issues have increasingly risen. The problems posed by the illegal exercise of police power, which is an ongoing reality for individuals of a disfavored race, class, or sexual preference. There are innocent people beaten or put in jail or prison. They can be helped, but the ones beyond help are dead. There are good cops and there are bad cops. Under the law, article 7 states:
John Lewis once said that “The scars and stains of racism are still deeply embedded in the American society." Racism has become a huge issue in people’s everyday life and not many may notice, but that’s because it’s been around for so long that it’s not new to anyone and it is the normal, when in reality that means it is so bad that not many people notice anymore. [African Americans experience racism in two main places their workplace and their education, and in a certain way, police brutality.]
The United States has a dark history of mistreating and racially profiling black Americans. Over the years, America has developed into one of the world’s most powerful countries; yet police brutality remains a monumental problem. Police brutality has transformed into such a hot topic, and when brought up in conversation, it sparks a debate. Nevertheless, the brutality should be talked about. Although many believe that the media pushes the narrative, that only African Americans are victims, police brutality stems from racial profiling and is an ever growing issue because stories show a painful pattern, lives are negatively affected, and the use of different solutions is utilized to expose the problem.
"Relations between the police and minority groups are a continuing problem in many multiracial societies. Surveys consistently document racial differences in perceptions of the police, with minorities more likely than whites to harbor negative views." (Weitzer and Tuch, Race and Perceptions of Police Misconduct, 2004)
What is police brutality? Police brutality is an act of misconduct done by a member law enforcement through the use of an extreme amount of force to physically, mentally, or emotionally attack a member of society. Many law enforcement officers, those sworn to protect and serve, have abused their rights and authority to ferociously assault and manipulate citizens, even if they were innocent. Citizens who have been attacked have been left with physical and emotional scars that can never go away; in some cases, it has even caused death. In a report by David Packman, prepared for the Cato Institute in 2011, states that 247 deaths were linked to police misconduct cases.(Packman 2011)
What was the significance to investigators of the US Supreme Court decision in Miranda Arizona? Was a point of interest decision of the United States Supreme Court In a 5–4 overwhelming part, the Court held that both inculpatory and exculpatory decrees made in light of interrogation by a respondent in police guardianship, will be acknowledged at trial just if the prosecution can exhibit that the defendant was taught of the benefit to advise with an attorney before and in the midst of tending to and of the benefit against self-ramifications before police tending to, and that the respondent understood these rights, and also purposefully conceded them. His fundamentally influenced law prerequisite in the United States, by making what got the chance to be known as the Miranda rights a segment of routine police framework to ensure that partners were instructed with their rights. The Supreme Court picked Miranda with three other cemented cases: Westover v. Joined States, Vignera v. New York, and California v. Stewart. What are the means and qualities of an effective criminal examination? Notice these over the span of portraying such an
different people, groups, and institutions influence policy decisions. Police brutality is influenced by many, such as our American political ideals of civil rights and liberties, the political process in terms of the media and our political institutions, one which the courts.
Before being brought to trial, one’s first interactions with the legal system will almost always begin with the police. Before the case of Miranda v. Arizona, police were not required to make anyone aware of their right to stay silent and to have legal representation. This allowed for them to easily acquire confessions from individuals who were either unaware of their rights or were overwhelmed by the altercation and accidentally incriminated themselves. In 1966,
Martin Luther King Jr., an American Baptist minister, African-American civil rights activist, and non-violent protest leader, once said, “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” (Ali-Dinar 1963 p.1). Such an iconic and fearless leader recognized the unjust behavior within society as a result of racially motivated police brutality and societal discrimination. Though his efforts were not in vain, today’s media representation of law enforcement impacts the societal cultivation of police officers in a negative way. Media outlets, in the forms of television, radio, or social websites, create a cynical view of police officers, which influences societal beliefs and creates negative connotations.
When we think of the police, we normally think of the brave men and women out on the street, enforcing the law, catching criminals, helping out the public in cases of emergency and making us feel safe in general. Most of the Police in most of the world is like that which is a good thing, However in the United States of America the police here are a bit more ruthless. Most of the police officers are very nice people and they really do want to help out in their community, but unfortunately there are some bad and corrupt cops in the system that will break the law and do some bad things. In the Modern world most bad cops are seen as racist and trigger happy. They don’t kill for fun of course but whenever they feel threatened they are trained to feel as though they need to take down their target since they are taught to make sure they don’t do something that will end up killing them. While nobody is at fault with these cases it is unfortunate that it does happen. Thankfully most of those cops are not as bad as the actual corrupted ones where they do business with drug lords and take their money just so that the criminals don’t get ratted out and so that they can continue their business. While there are some organizations that are corrupted the people in America do have power and a decent morality to do something about it. There are many organizations and cases that happened in the supreme court that has changed how the police behave and act when they are out on the