Critique of the Theories of Muslimness
In this section the aim is to investigate the theories of Muslimness, accusation of unbelief and apostasy. Since, the accusation of unbelief has both theoretical and practical problems in the history of Muslim cultures, it will be presented from the perspective of rational reason and scriptural reason. On the one hand, the problem of Muslimness and accusation of unbelief is based on the view of the majority of Muslim scholars, on the other hand, this issue have always been risky consequences and is still continuing in the present days, which bring insecurity in the modern days in both Islamic countries and non-Muslim lands.
For this reason, the origin of accusation and the manner of an encounter
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It is mentioned in another passage of the Qur’an that” “There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion” (2:256). Some hadiths that have also been prohibited the Muslim from the accusation of unbelief towards, other Muslim. “If a Muslim charges a fellow Muslim with kufr, he is himself a kāfir, if the accusation should prove untrue”; or the reproach of Kafir is equivalent to murder.
In contrary to these verses, there are some other verses about apostasy and unbelief that different sects of Muslim have distinguished interpretation. Based on their differences in interpretations they added various elements as supplementary principles of belief. These additional elements effect on the attitude and viewpoint of Muslim that caused to exclude Muslims from Muslimness and may bring unpleasant behavior that is not acceptable in Islam. This exclusion Muslims each other from Islam have serious consequences and in some cases risky and unsafe effects. The impact of this performance can be found at schism, violence, religious cleansing and terrorist attack in both Muslim lands and at the global level. It also has been affected to issue legal opinions (fatwa) and the Islamic law by religious scholars (‘ulama’ and fuqaha’). For instance, according to the law of apostasy:
Every individual of the male sex who, born in the religion of Islam, apostatizes, no longer enjoys the protection of Islam, but is ipso facto condemned to death. His wife should be
No person or persons...shall from henceforth be any waies troubled, molested or discountenanced for or in respect of his or her religion nor in the free exercise thereof.
Islam and Christianity are the largest religion in the world and share many common beliefs. The two religions co-exist in many parts of the world. However, each religion has it is own territories where they are the dominant religion. The two religions share almost the same history of inception and concepts of faith. Despite, being similar in many ways, they also have marked differences. The differences have led to mutual distrust between the Christians and the Muslims. Many Muslims have come out openly to criticize the Christian religion and Christians have written many articles condemning the Islam religion. The differences and similarities appear in many aspects of the religions. As such, it is easier to discuss them intensively by restricting the discussion to selected aspects. The life after death and belief in the Supreme Being by the believers of Christianity and Islam religions has many differences and similarities.
In the preface and introduction of “Islam and America Building a Future without Prejudice”, author Anouar Majid discusses the history of conflicts and prejudices between America and Islam. In the preface, he says that he concludes his book by “calling for a critical reexamination of religion to open new paths for dialogue and rapprochement” (Majid, x). He goes on to argue that, “Only by demystifying our strongly held beliefs and prejudices can we see more clearly our common humanity and de-escalate the tensions that have torn us apart for so long” (Majid, x). He says that one would assume that this would be common sense to Westerners, but most tend to only pay attention to the extremists who commit awful crimes in the name of Islam, and Westerners
Ever since September 11, 2001 Americans along with the majority of the world’s population have been skeptical of Muslims. It’s a sad reality but it’s hard for people to think of a Muslim without linking them directly to terrorism. But these assumptions aren’t totally out of the blue—the Muslim’s religion, Islam, teaches a low tolerance for other religions and the Islamic government has no separation of church and state, so it’s only normal to assume that their government shall have a low tolerance as well—some however, immediately translate this into terrorism. Through the Islamic government and religion, relations with foreign countries, and separation amongst themselves it can be concluded that Islamic Fundamentalism is clearly a threat
Islam, a religion of people submitting to one God, seeking peace and a way of life without sin, is always misunderstood throughout the world. What some consider act of bigotry, others believe it to be the lack of education and wrong portrayal of events in media; however, one cannot not justify the so little knowledge that America and Americans have about Islam and Muslims. Historically there are have been myths, many attacks on Islam and much confusion between Islam as a religion and Middle Easter culture that is always associated with it. This paper is meant to dispel, or rather educate about the big issues that plague people’s minds with false ideas and this will only be touching the surface.
The Quran offers specific instructions for its followers which pertain to conversions of others and the results of believing in the Quran or not. The Quran states that the Islamic people either do battle with those who do not believe, or they must convert to Islam. It says that whoever obeys God and His Apostle (Mohammed) shall be brought to Paradise, but those who do not believe or follow their teachings will be punished. This means that if the Muslims did not engage in these wars with the Christians and others of non-Islamic faith they would be punished. These wars were brutal and merciless. The Muslims killed everyone in sight and took
The author begins to describe the start of changes in religious authority in Islam and used the fact that the authority of the ulama (groups of people with Islamic Education occupying various roles in society) played a great role in Muslim tradition. However, the influence of the ulama authority shortly came to an end due to the fact that secular education, law, and institutions developed in Muslim societies (71). This point made by Brekke is a helpful idea demonstrated to readers to understand the authority in Muslim culture and what led to the shift in authority and creation of fundamentalism. It proves to the readers what created a shift in authority and what was a factor to the destruction of Islamic learning. Brekke was able to elaborate his ideas in chronological order, making sense to his
The objective of this work is to examine Islam, a highly controversial sensitive issue in today's world and specifically to examine the misconceptions, beliefs, and values of those of the Islamic faith. Most people think that the majority of Muslims live in the Middle East, while in reality there are more people of the Islamic faith living in Indonesia. Islam, just as Judaism and Christianity, is practiced in various cultures, serves to shape, and is shaped by those cultures. This study examines the perceptions of those of the three faiths in various countries and how they view one another and seek to answer how a level of threat is felt by those belonging to these three religious groups in various countries. Countries examined in this study include those of the United States, Great Britain, India, Pakistan, and the Middle East. The depth of understanding or the teachings of Islam among the various religious groups in these various countries will also be examined in terms of how these understandings impact the ways that Muslims and non-Muslims interact and communicate with one another.
While lacking any academic credentials, these islamophobic figures, in their scorched-earth view of Islam, wage a campaign that reduces an entire scripture of 114 chapters and over 6,000 verses to a few de-contextualized verses, and their criticism of Islam as grossly simplistic and desperate attempt to malign a world religion and a human civilization comparable to others. For a religion, unlike Christianity and Judaism, that didn 't experience Renaissance, the Reformation and the Enlightenment, and Industrial Revolution, Islam has been comparably tolerant at the beginning as well as today, and slowly improving its core human rights conditions.
During the late 600s Islam became a rising player in the East spreading through conquest and religion. At its height, the Islamic empire spanned all of the Middle East, North Africa, and Even Spain. The questions that Christians of the day had was how to first deal with this new religion and its growing empire. Two responses are brought forth in its response to Islam and its defense of Christian theology.
The history of the Islamic world has been one of weak state institutions and state underperformance, coupled with a high prevalence of violence, both by the state and by individuals. A major reason for these negative trends has been the role of political Islam in privileging homogeneity over diversity, in stifling dissent in public and private life, and the societal stagnation that follows such rigid controls. Malaysia and Indonesia have been notable exceptions to the underperformance of Islamic cultures.
"Islam" is derived from the Arabic root salaama meaning peace, purity, submission and obedience. Islam stands for making peace by submitting to the will of God and obeying His law. Jews and Christians view Islam as the latest of the world's great religions. However, worldwide Muslims (sometimes written "Moslems") understand their universal religion as the "final religion" and the "primal religion."
For my paper I decided to choose the religion of Islam. I decided to pick this religion because of its fast growing rate. It is also different from what I am used to growing up with, so I was interested in learning more. I had learned some basic facts after the 9/11 event, but the Muslim religion and culture was still a mystery to me. Picking this topic has helped me learn more about Muslims and will help me better relate to them in my future work.
3. The wording of the blasphemy law is vague and open-ended. So often, the wordings are misinterpreted according to the wishes of the plaintiff. Often the accused do not have the necessary knowledge of Islam to interpret the wordings of the law. For example it does not clearly state that what kind of remarks pass off as derogatory and offensive to the Islamic faith. In the southern Punjab, where many Christians live, Christian missionaries a, churches and schools, have been accused under the blasphemy law of defiling Islam, on the context that they are spreading the Christian faith. It is the lack of clarity in the clauses of the law, which is making people take full advantage of the situation.
For Muslims, the issue of conversion out of Islam or apostasy raises significant religious and political considerations. The adoption of Islam as the religion of the Federation under Article 3 and the compulsory subjection of Muslims to the Syariah in a number of matters are reasons why the conversion of a Muslim out of Islam arouses revulsion and anger among the Malays or Muslim citizens. The controversy regarding the issue of apostasy, specifically in relation to the application the constitutional provisions for the freedom of religion to Muslims, remains unresolved. However, recently, there were some interesting decisions in both civil and Syariah courts regarding the issue of apostasy.