Domestic Vs International Trade
Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Domestic Trade:
Trade among parties in the same country.
Domestic trade is the exchange of goods, services, or both within the confines of a national territory. They are always aimed at a single market. It always deal with only one set of competitive, economic, and market issues. The trading is always with a single set of customers all the time, though the company may have several segments in a market. Finally local trade or home trade or Domestic trade may be sub-divided into Wholesale trade, and Retail trade.
International Trade:
Trade among parties residing in different countries.
International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international
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These factors of production do not move with such freedom among different countries due to differences in culture, climate, language, customs and political restrictions imposed by regulatory authorities. This immobility gives rise to wage and interest differentials among countries.
• Different currency system introduces additional cost and risk in international trade as the value of currencies is constantly subject to variations.
• As long distances involved transport costs for international transactions are higher than for domestic trades.
Home trade is called domestic trade in some countries. These are the differences as seen by me.
1. For home trades, payments could be made in home currency only. Foreign trades are to be paid invariably in convertible currencies.
2. Home trades generally have no restrictions of movement within the country. In international trade, there are restrictions as to movement of specific goods to specified countries.
3. Home trades have taxes levied by the Government and local bodies. International trades have levies called customs duties. These invariably go to the Federal Government.
4. Documents for domestic trades are comparatively simple and easy to understand and follow. Foreign trades have a different set of documents which must be filed in every case.
5. Insurance of consignments sent on foreign trade are compulsory; in home trade it is optional.
6. Usually,
Native American Trade refers to the trade between Europeans and their North American descendants and the Indigenous people of North America, it really began before the colonial period and continued through the nineteenth century. The products traded involved a vast variety of goods and varied by region and era. Canada was a major trader with the native people. In most of Canada the term “Native American Trade” is synonymous with the fur trade; fur for making beaver hats was by far the most valuable product of the trade, from the European point of view. Native Americans had the skills and tools for hunting and skinning the animals used for fur clothing and Canadian settlers had the needs and funding for it. This made for a thriving exchange between the two societies.
It also requires more of an investment and commitment by the international company which creates a higher risk. There is also the down side of having difficulty managing local resources.
An important part of managing the economic status of a nation is to manage the methods in which goods and services are imported and exported into and out of the country. Because of differing resources, labor costs, and government support of industry, fiscal policy sometimes includes placing a tariff on imported goods in an attempt to level the economic playing field.
The tendency of communities to specialize in some phase of economic activity made it necessary that they maintain commercial contact with other communities and countries in order to secure the things that they did not produce (Hope 16). Some villages, for example, specialized in fishing, others concentrated on metallurgy, while others made weapons, utensils, and so on. Traders traveled from place to place to barter and to purchase. Upon returning they were laden with goods that they sold within their own community (Hope 17).
One of the major advantages of trading is that it allows producers to concentrate or specialize their work in the type of goods they produce best. When people decide to specialized in a specific profession an become doctors, farmers, teachers, or any other profession within an economy, they will be able to produce goods and offers different services that can be trade for any goods or services they may need. In this same way countries can become specialized in the production of specify products and/or services and trade those with other countries. However, trading and importing products and services from other countries also has its disadvantages. As a result of the different products imported governments impose certain restrictions and limitations to protect the domestic production and market of every country involve in any kind of trading transactions. Governments have imposed taxes on trading transactions adding them to the cost of importation, and have the purpose of restricting and/or limiting the imports of goods and services into a country. These government
Exports and imports, which typically defines foreign trade, are the exchange of goods and services between nations and countries. The expression “send out” intends to do or offer abroad while as “import” is to convey in or purchase from abroad. There are numerous purposes behind exporting and importing. For instance, nations send out products on the off chance that it is one of the world’s couple of suppliers, in the event that it delivers the stock at a lower expense than alternate nations, or if it’s merchandise are popular on account of its extraordinary quality. While as a nation imports on the off chance that it does not have the sure item. The United States has laws regarding what’s imported; however, the United States government should regulate imports more heavily because it increases job opportunities, provides a variety of clothing from different countries and drastically increases revenue.
Trade is how goods or services are exchanged between countries. An exchange is broken down into two categories: imports and exports. Imports are goods and services coming into a country; whereas, goods and services flowing out of a country are exports. When different countries trade with each other, they develop a trade deficit, a trade surplus, or a trade balance. A trade deficit is when the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, and a trade surplus is when the value of exports exceeds the value of imports. A trade balance is when imports and exports are traded at equal rates/amounts.
Interstate commerce – involves people or something being moved by a work across state or other countries
Since the beginning of time, mankind has always had some form of trade. It started off as bartering and trade of general goods and slowly progressed over time. Different forms of specialized trade arose over time such as the trade of salt within Africa among Trans-Saharan trade routes and the large fur-trade market in northern Missouri that flourished throughout the span of the seventeenth century. Today within the United States there is a market economy that has thrived as a successful form of free trade in which the producers and the consumers of various products determine how the market will progress. All of this has lead to the modern day business structures which are utilized by all producers in order to obtain a successful and
An exchange rate is the price for which one currency is worth converted into another rate. The exchange rate is determined by the supply and demand conditions of relevant currencies in the market transaction of currency exchanges occur in the foreign exchange markets. For example, currently, the £1 is worth $1.67 which means that at this stage, the pound is stronger than the dollar. Businesses should ensure that they frequently check the exchange rates to see if any changes to their prices need to be made or if the exchange rate benefits them. If Iron Bru were to export a large amount of products to a country such as Germany or Poland, there will
International sell and purchase has provided tremendous growth for countries. There are advantages and disadvantages to sourcing overseas. Some of the common advantages to out sourcing overseas are low manufacturing cost and expertise of products (importcrashcourse.com). The disadvantages are language barriers, shipping time, as well as quality of products in some cases. Americans have found comfort in everyday life regarding products that were made in other countries. If Americans were to suddenly not be able to purchase products overseas they may find themselves at a lost for living a typical lifestyle.
From the word, Global trade is the import and export of goods and services between different countries, which also promotes product diversity for example; Pizza is from Italy and not Canada. As stated in businessdictionary.com, it is the worldwide business that involves making and collecting payments for transactions in goods and services, and transporting them to interested markets.
This is the freedom to trade in a particular country versus regulated. For example IKEA a Swedish company is allowed to import its furniture into to the UK without being taxed. IKEA specialises in furniture production and Free trade with the UK
Trade freedom is a highly important factor in determining economic freedom and wealth. No one single country has the resources required to sustain the current standards of living in developed or developing nations. Trade requires specialization according to a country’s comparative advantage. Specialization allows the most efficient and effective use of a country’s scarce resources, whether that be natural resources or labor resources. The Index shows the economic benefits of specialization and trade.
As we all know, global trade is no easy, companies cannot just ship their products to another country and sell it in the foreign market, there are many factors need to be considered and analysis. In my point of view, the factor can be separate into internal and external factors.