Dorothy Heathcote was a self-made drama educator that played a large part in developing what is termed today as process drama, drama in education, and dramatic pedagogy. Having a theatrical background did play a part in her philosophy; however, drama in education is not singularly based in theatrical aspirations. Heathcote defines educational drama as being “anything in which attitudes, not characters, are the chief concern lived at life-rate (discovery of the moment) and obeying the natural laws of the medium” (O’Neil 3). Rather, Heathcote’s philosophy focuses on child centered education while using dramatic conventions. Heathcote used her teaching models and redefined the role of the teacher in efforts to have students become more accountable for their own personal education.
In these models, teachers act less as omnipotent powers in the classroom; and more as guides who structure frameworks for students to play within, follow their own personal inquiries, and serve their own needs. This served to create learning and skills on a higher level. This was a significant departure from the rhetoric and lecture based education that was popular in Britain during the 1960’s and 1970’s. Heathcote quoted Edwards and Furlong’s evaluation of the education system in A Drama of Learning: Mantle of the Expert:
Pupils are too consistently treated as consumers of knowledge in a context where they have little status and few rights…. A large group of pupils has to behave for considerable
In the essay, “Education”, Ralph Waldo Emerson, a transcendentalist thinker, asserts that Education is damaged and he knows of a solution – the educators. He develops this claim by first introducing the paradox linking “Genius and Drill”, expressing his ideal method of teaching. Throughout the essay, Emerson tends to have a condemning tone against the educator but towards the end he changes it into a comforting one. Emerson’s purpose is to present an alternative style of teaching in order to persuade educators to use the teaching method by using paradoxes, rhetorical questions, and shifts in tone. He establishes an informative and didactic tone for educators who value attention to detail.
This means making sure that all pupils are treated equally in a non-prejudiced way regardless of ability, race or gender. A child must never be made to feel less worthy because they are ‘different’
Effective communication is the most important part in developing positive relationships with children, young people and adults. Some pupils that struggle with their learning and/or have confidence issues may find that they can’t communicate with all of us, therefore, treating that pupil in a calm, positive, praising and gentle manner could mean the difference between them trusting us or closing down and giving up. I believe that children should be spoken to
When I was in middle school, I remember this one student who everyone knew was very intelligent for his age and on many occasions the teachers spent their time listening to his strategies and thinking processes. At the end of the year everyone had to conduct a project and I remember it was an important part of our grade and our teacher told us that we would be presenting our projects to her and the class. Then our teacher told us that the superintendent was coming for the viewing of James’, which was the intelligent student, project and we were to be on our best behavior and be respectful of James and our other guests. I viewed this particular time as a way hidden curriculum was provided for one student instead of every student. The attention and assistance that the student received for being a gifted learner made her other students not feel as important or worthy of their own work. I feel as if the teacher was quick to forget the importance of her other students education and was so persistant on defining James’ educational
Facilitating a foundation in academic or philosophical pedagogy can help form a path for the educator, a path to better understanding teaching, education, learning and learners. Often, most of the programs designed for learners and the curriculum is often derived from theories. Understanding theories can help guide a teacher through their education journey. Sometimes, teachers may struggle with classroom organisation or implementing the curriculum in a considerate, all-encompassing and engaging way, especially if you are a CRT or Graduate Teacher - and often these concepts can help inspire and encourage teachers. To be an empowered teacher means your classroom and students will be empowered learners, and that is the best type of learning. There are many theories that have contributed to education as a body and has many of these theories help educational departments plan curriculums to benefit not only teachers but also all students. What makes for a great teacher is considering the characteristics of the local community as well involving students’ families’ in the school body. Influences that help shape a teacher’s identity can include…
The term pupil voice refers to “ways of listening to the views of pupils and/or involving them in decision-making.” (Department for Education, 2014, p.1) The term and practice of ‘Pupil Voice’ has featured within the UK since the early 1990’s, when Professor Jean Rudduck pioneered the concept with numerous ground breaking research projects throughout the UK. These series of research projects investigated and presented how pupil voice strategies could be employed within the classroom and the wider school context to enhance teaching, learning and the general experience of school for pupils. Since this early research around this concept, the term and practice has considerably grown into a very current topic within education today and is a concept which every enterprising school should be aspiring to adapt within their day to day running of their school. Many schools choose to promote the concept of pupil voice through the form of student councils. Whitty and Wisby (2007) present their findings in a report for the Institute of Education, University of London that out of 2417 of pupils surveyed, 85 per cent stated
In this play, the author Alan Bennett wants to convince the audience that education can be approached in many different ways. In fact, through the characters of Hector, Irwin, Dorothy Lintott and the headmaster, he shows us that there is no “right” or “wrong” way of teaching.
Therefore I ensured that both pupils were respected by treating them equally despite their difference in abilities and talking to them in exactly the same manner and tone. I did however ensure that I changed my questions to ones that both pupils would understand and that were at the appropriate level for the pupil’s individual ability. This meant that both pupils had a positive interaction with me and that I achieved what I set out to which was to help each pupil gain ideas and to gain an understanding of pupils own ideas and thoughts for their leaflet.
We must report any inappropriate behaviour to the class teacher and take action where appropriate. We must be fair and consistent when applying the school procedures to ensure that the pupils are treated equally. If pupils who behave badly are treated differently, or in their eyes unfairly, they will become confused of their boundaries and unsure of what is expected of them. Treating misbehaving children differently will have a negative impact on future behaviour.
As well as the quality of spoken language that children hear on a day to day basis will have a vast impact on the grammar and language they use. Therefore teachers and all teaching staff should ensure they continue to develop children’s confidence when it comes to communication by developing the skills needed to explain their understanding this is also vital when it comes to understanding and explaining of books or other recourses. All children should have access to and be encouraged to develop their role in drama. Pupils should be able to adopt, create and sustain a range of roles, responding appropriately to others in role. They should have opportunities to improvise, devise and script drama for one another and a range of audiences, as well as to rehearse, refine, share and respond thoughtfully to drama and theatre
This model is centred around principles of rights, rules, respect responsibilities, and relationships. Rogers emphasises the need for teachers to establish a set of student led classroom rights, rules and responsibilities during the establishment period of the year (Killian, Ogden, Shipston, & Facas, 2017). These rights, responsibilities and rules entail the behaviours that are expected in the classroom and protect the student’s rights to; feel safe, be treated with respect and to learn. The rules are to be developed reasonably and provide freedom in the sense students are free to move around the boundaries. As the rules are decided and agreed upon by the students, this develops a sense of understanding and accountability for their own behaviour and learning (Edwards, & Watts, 2008). In order to ensure students are respectful to the rights of students, the teacher must also treat students with respect. The teacher must consider the dignity of the students and their rights in the classroom ensuring they avoid any behaviours they
We hold these truths to be axiomatic: that all students, no matter their background, ethnicity, or rank, are created equal in status and in identity; no student is higher than the other. Each student is equipped with secure and unalienable Rights; that among these rights are Respect, Rightful Identity, and Freedom of Speech. We also believe that rules are formed to protect these certain rights and that the power of these rules comes from the power of the students; whenever any part of the rule fails to protect these rights, it is the right of the students to change it and to form a new rule that follows such principles which organizes its powers to end in Security and Happiness. Fair judgment, as a matter of fact, will ordain to say that long prevailing consequences should not be changed because of trivial, temporary, or fleeting reasons; and, in fact, history proves that students are more likely to suffer the bullying,
Schools also have a hidden curriculum in which values and norms of behaviour are transmitted. For example, wearing a school uniform and keeping to a set timetable can all be seen as activities that encourage particular standards of behaviour which could be viewed as producing disciplined future workers. Therefore the hidden curriculum implies that pupils not only learn formal subjects such as English or physics but also receive hidden messages about their class, ethnicity and gender from their experience of schooling. Through the choice of teaching strategies and characteristics chosen to be employed by educational institutions it indirectly conveys to students the norms, values and expectations. This is what we refer to as the hidden curriculum. As we will later explore there are many that argue the hidden curriculum and processes within schools help to produce inequalities between children of different social classes. Whitty and Young (1976) view the
In this assignment I will explore my role, responsibilities and boundaries as a teacher within the teacher training cycle and will analyse the different ways in which I would establish ground rules with students which may promote good behaviour and respect for other students who are participating within the same learning environment (Gravells, 2010).
Despite the claim that Drama in Education ( DIE) as a pedagogy dimmed its popularity in the Western world since 1990 until 2016 (Gallagher, et al. , 2017), in the year of 2011, Morrow, et al. included it as one of the best practices in literacy instruction. Some of the teachers who had the experience of trying process drama in their classrooms found that the pedagogy improved students’ participations, pushed students to use their imaginations, performed deeper understanding of the topics being learned and made the students learn to have empathy ( Long, 1998). Do the voices from the classroom resemble to what researchers and theories have to say on process drama?