Downs Syndrome Research Paper

From the perspective of a boy who has a brother with downs syndrome. My little brother Bryce who is 12 years old has downs syndrome, he has always been a major handful. There are advantages and disadvantages to having a brother like him. I hear lots of different opinions about people like him. It is hard to teach him how to do things. You might think it wouldn’t be that much of a difference between having a normal sibling and a special needs sibling, but there is.

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that numerous individuals around the world suffer from; it is an intellectual disability that is caused by having one too many chromosome 21 copies, trisomy 21. The average person has two copies of chromosome 21 in each cell, whereas, an individual with Down syndrome has an extra copy of chromosome 21. This happens when either the sperm or egg cell undergoes atypical cell division during development. In the United States, there are approximately 400,000 individuals who have been diagnosed with Down syndrome, according to the last census in 2012 (National Down Syndrome Society).

The aetiology of Downs syndrome which means the cause of a specific disease (Mcferran, 2014). Suggests that when one of the chromosomes in reproduction do not separate properly this is when Down’s Syndrome is caused (Steven, 2005). This extra chromosome causes physical developmental defects this causes reduced muscle tone, a small mouth with a projecting tongue and eyes that slant downwards and upwards and causing the back of their head to be flat. Many babies born with Down's Syndrome are diagnosed with the condition after birth and are likely to have many physical defects for example they may have reduced muscle tone, eyes that slant upwards and outwards, a small mouth with a protruding tongue and a flat back of the head. (Hartley, 2015). Down Syndrome patients can also be afflicted with other conditions, including heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and leukemia (WHO, 2010). This could effect children and adults through out their life also effecting their physical and mental health.

Also known as Trisomy 21, Down Syndrome is an illness due to which an superfluous genetic structure leads to delays in the manner in which a child’s mental and physical faculties develop.

Down Syndrome is also known as Trisomy 21, is a disorder that occurs when an extra chromosome is present on the 21st chromosome. There

Down syndrome is a condition in which a person has an extra chromosome. Chromosomes are small “packages” of genes in the body that determine how a baby’s body forms during pregnancy and how the baby’s body functions as it grows in the womb and after birth. (CDC, 2014) John Langon Down first described Down’s syndrome or Trisomy 21 in 1866. Trisomy 21 is caused by a combination of birth defects when there is a nondisjunction or an error in cell division during meiosis, resulting in a trisomy of chromosome 21. (Porth, 2011, p. 119) While the cause in unknown, evidence from cytogenetic and epidemiologic studies supports the concept of multiple causality. (Perry, 2010, p. 1183) Children with Trisomy 21 can be born

The incident that led to this article was the first woman with Down syndrome to walk down the runway. Jamie Brewer is an actress in American Horror Story who started the path for women with Down syndrome to become a model. Her disability is the centerfold of this article and it discourages the belief system of history.

Down syndrome is a disease in which chromosome 21 has extra genetic material delaying the way a child develops mentally and physically.

Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is a chromosomal abnormality - change in the number of chromosomes, which lead to physical or mental abnormalities - caused by an error in cell division that is a result of having an extra 21st chromosome. 95% of the time the trisomy is mainly due to an abnormality of the egg of a mother, during fertilisation the 23 chromosomes from

Down syndrome occurs due to a change in the chromosome number. Instead of having forty-six chromosomes, people with Down syndrome have forty-seven.

Down Syndrome was discovered in 1866 by a British physician named John Langdon Down, which is where the name Down Syndrome came from. This genetic disorder was first referred to as Mongolism. The name Down Syndrome did not start being used until the early 1970s. In 1959, a French Pediatrician/Geneticist Professor Jerome Lejeune had discovered that people with this disorder have one extra chromosome. In the 1960s when children with Down Syndrome were born, they were put into institutions right after birth. Families were told that they would not be able to raise their child because of all of the extra attention they would need. Throughout the years, we have learned a lot more about this genetic disorder. ("National Association for Down Syndrome | History of NADS", 2016)

Down syndrome babies were treated basically like trash.Back in 1917 -2000.They were thrown away,burned to death,whatever you think of they did.(Waltraud Ernst and Bernard.

Down syndrome (DS) caused by trisomy 21 is the most common human aneuploidy and occurs approximately in 1 in 700 live births. Individuals diagnosed with DS display a wide range of clinical phenotypes including cognitive impairment, mental retardation, craniofacial abnormalities as well as increased risks for congenital heart defects, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities including Hirshsprung’s disease, with the presence or absence and severity of these features varying amongst the individuals. Proper formation of the craniofacial skeleton is important for the normal development of the brain, sensory organs and functioning of the digestive and respiratory tracts and is derived from neural crest cells.

Down syndrome is also called 21 trisomy, which is obviously pointed out the disorder occurs at the chromosome 21. Genetically, it has been found that there are 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, where X and Y are sex chromosomes representing female and male respectively. These two kinds of chromosome pairs are normally made up 46 chromosomes in total while children with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes, meaning they have one extra chromosome on the chromosome 21. This chromosomal disorder happens occasionally and randomly. One cannot put blame or fault on the individual or parent when the gene is

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which a person is born with an extra copy of chromosome 21. There are three genetic variations that cause Down syndrome: Trisomy 21, Mosaic Trisomy 21 or Translocation Trisomy 21. There are many ways in which theses disorders affect the body.  Trisomy 21 occurs when an egg or sperm comes in with an extra copy of chromosome 21, then, once an embryo is formed and starts to develop, the chromosome is replicated in every single cell of the embryo. Trisomy 21 is the most common type of Down syndrome. About 92% of Down syndrome patients have this type. People with Trisomy usually have physical problems.