John Sullivan
Fall 2017
Interpretation of Literature
The Difference between Good and Bad With every birth comes a death. With every protagonist comes an antagonist; and with every good comes an evil. For years story tellers have used the simple concept of good beats bad in their stories. Protagonists and antagonists often represent the good and evil sides of the plot; with good prevailing over evil almost every time. This trend continues and is present throughout all of Bram Stoker’s Dracula, a constant power struggle between the moral and amoral. Stoker’s novel can frighten anyone from little kids to aged adults, but if you read it from a different perspective, his real message is revealed. His personal experiences coupled with the
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Just like evil blood infected Mina and Lucy, the people back then were persuaded by scientists to believe that religion was not real. However, Bram Stoker went back to his belief to show that in this case, religion was the good party and scientists were the bad. That being said, a large part of the population was still true to their beliefs and followed religion even when others were giving up. The church’s main objective was always to maximize its following and usually the retired returned only when the doubt was gone; just like Mina’s conversion was brought to a halt when Dracula was murdered. Religious beliefs meant god would watch over you and keep you healthy. Without them, you were evil and would go on to have an awful life. Stoker likened the transformation to the process of becoming a vampire. He portrayed it as a sickness, with the only cure being the destruction of the infected. The author uses the church and religion to portray his repetitive belief that good always prevails over evil. Religion may be a crucial theme in Stoker’s novel, but the repetition of sexuality and gender roles is just as relevant. In Stoker 's day, women were not in the same realm as men when it came to equality. In some extreme cases, they were even seen as evil. Through the killing of Dracula, Mina was looking to contribute in any way she possibly could. However, the men did everything but encourage it when they told her not to get involved “You know that your safety is our
Dracula by Bram Stoker is a horror story about a hero’s quest to rid the world of vampires from the Victorian era. Readers are horrified by his graphic descriptions and horrifying struggles. However, Dracula is much more than just a vampire fantasy; in this novel, Bram Stoker explores the unconscious sexual desires repressed during the Victorian era and the controversy surrounding sexuality.
A horror classic by Abraham Stocker, Dracula, may be one of the most notorious villain stories of all time. Bram Stocker is a Irish writer who changed the view of what to read in his time. He shows dark and twisted situations and metaphors throughout Dracula and many other of his horror novels. This novel was released in the Victorian era, which saw his type of writing as equivalent to the devil. This era was a long time of peace and bright minded people. Stockers style surprised many readers, because he always has you thinking it can’t get any darker than it is but it always exceeds the previous twisted situation or event. Bram Stocker shows Dracula as an iconic creature, with many reasons to be feared, but displayed in the wrong time era.
Marxism is a system of political, economic, and social theories developed by Karl Marx in the mid-nineteenth century. It emphasizes the idea that social life is based on conflicts of interests between the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariats. Anyone who has ownership and controls the means of production is powerful within a society. This concept is apparent in Bram Stoker’s novel Dracula, although not the notion of the lower-class attempting to rise up and overthrow those in the upper-class. Instead, Marxism is explored with Count Dracula being a true consumerist and a powerful, controlling, and demanding figure in the text, in the form of a rich aristocracy.
Are there still connections between Bram Stokers famous novel Dracula and modern day society? In Dracula, Stoker expands on many themes that indeed exist today. Not only does he touch on the most obvious theme, sex. He expands on gender division and good versus evil. Some say since times have changed the themes I introduced have changed as well, leaving connections between then and now irrelevant. However, I feel that although times have changed they still have roots from the time of the novel to now. In this essay I will expand on the themes of this novel while connecting them to modern day society, the critical texts I have chosen and will mention later on in the essay are a good representation of the commonalities between the chill, dark Victorian days in which the era that Dracula was written in and modern day.
Unremarkable though it may seem, to affirm the obvious truism that Bram Stoker’s Dracula originates from a century that historians often describe as the most significant in terms of revolutionary ideology, whilst wishing to avoid the clichéd view held, it is undeniable that the more one delves into the depths of this novel the greater wealth of meaning demonstrates significant correlation with Marxist ideology. The 19th Century saw the emergence of revolutionary socialist Karl Marx, who himself used the vampire metaphor to describe the capitalist system as ‘dead labour which, vampire like, lives only by sucking living labour’. Through Stoker’s opulent use of narrative structure, use of setting and imagery, this novel presents a multiple
To begin with, the message “evilness is an infection” is evident which is conveyed through the use of narrative conventions. A narrative convention used is the plot which is the events that make up the story. The convention is used as the plot of “Dracula” is summarized as a story of a group of friends attempt to destroy the evil Dracula who threatens the living and the good. In this way it is comparable to scientists striving to end a plague carrier. In this case, the vampires (Dracula and Lucy) are the plague carrier in addition to feeding upon humans and infecting his victims with “vampirism”. The group of friends are associated with scientists task with the control, prevention of the plague and the extermination of the infected which in their case, the vampires. This is proven in Act 2, Scene 7 as the group of friends track down now vampire Lucy and executed her to prevent further deaths. A plausible counterpart of “vampirism” is
“Despite the claimed reverence for puritan ideals, the Victorian era brought numerous challenges to Christianity, including the growing trends of materialism, rationalism, communism, and "higher criticism" of the Bible.” (WEB). There was a lot of controversy going on at that time so people were beginning to doubt their religion and the church, these people who were against God were seen as immoral just as Dracula seen as. Just like Mina and Lucy were infected by sinful blood, the people in that time were also brainwashed by scientists to believe that religion was not true. However Bram Stoker reinforced his universal truth to show that in this context, religion was the good and that scientists were the bad of that time. “A great number of people were habitual church-goers, at least once and probably twice, every Sunday. The Bible was frequently and widely read by people of every class; so too were religious stories and allegories.” (WEB). Although some people went astray of their religion, a large part of the population was still true to their roots and followed religious practices. The church’s main goal was to increase its followers, usually the ones off track were brought back only when the doubt was destroyed; Mina’s process of conversion was stopped the same when Dracula was destroyed. Being religious meant the god would keep you in health and if you were evil then you would have a terrible life. Stoker described
The setting of Bram Stoker’s Dracula is in the late nineteenth-century London, where the flourishing of technology is replacing people’s belief of the old superstitious ways. The characters in this novel experience contacts with the supernatural beings that is unable to be proven even by the most advanced technology at the time, which leads them to doubt their own sanity. However, the progression of the novel proves that peace is restored into the characters’ lives after their doubts and confusions about what is reality and who is really mad. Ultimately, the categorization of the sane against the mad is unnecessary since the distinguishing factors shown in the novel are ambiguous. Subsequently, no characters can
Bram Stoker’s “Dracula” is a story about a Vampire named Count Dracula and his journey to satisfy his lust for blood. The story is told through a series of individuals’ journal entries and a letters sent back and forth between characters. Bram Stoker shows the roll in which a certain gender plays in the Victorian era through the works of Dracula. This discussion not only consists of the roll a certain gender takes, but will be discussing how a certain gender fits into the culture of that time period as well as how males and females interact among each other. The Victorian era was extremely conservative when it came to the female, however there are signs of the changing into the New Woman inside of Dracula. Essentially the woman was to be assistance to a man and stay pure inside of their ways.
Bram Stoker’s Dracula is a story of horror, suspense, and repulsion. The main antagonist, Count Dracula, is depicted as an evil, repulsive creature that ends and perverts life to keep himself alive and youthful. To most onlookers that may be the case, but most people fail to see one crucial element to this character. Dracula is a character that, though it may be long gone, was once human, and thus has many human emotions and motives still within him. Let us delve into these emotions of a historically based monster.
Bram Stoker 's Dracula, presents an interesting perspective on death and illness in the Victorian period. This can be viewed as a creativity on Stoker 's part, or as a form of religious or social commentary on his changing era. There are several flaws presented throughout the novel as the plot unfolds, which are: characters in the novel dismiss the old traditional belief of the supernatural, the constant power struggle between the sexes and the Victorian views on sexuality. The supernatural or metaphysical aspects presented in Dracula reflect the tragic flaws of the patriarchal society during the Victorian Era.
After many failed attempts to save Lucy from transistioning, Van Helsing, an esteemed vampire hunter, and newfound friend to the characters, hopelessly cries out to God. “God! God! God!” he said. “What have we done, what has this poor thing done, that we are so sore beset? Is there fate amongst us still, sent down from the pagan world of old, that such things must be, and in such way? Oh, how we are beset! How are all the powers of the devils against us!” (Stoker 170) God was not only a rock for the people of this time period, but the man in whom they believed to have control of all events. “If there was any single belief that characterized the Victorian era it was Christian belief. Religion pervaded social and political life to an extent almost unimaginable today” (The Victorians: Religion and Science.) The people of this time had no option as to what they wanted to openly believe, if one did not agree with the way of the King/Queens church, the consequences could be severe. As a result of the Christian beliefs, women were forced to play a very submissive role, adhering to the roles of the
In everyday life, as in literature, there will always be an opposing force to evil. In the novel “Dracula,” by Bram Stoker, Professor Van Helsing acts as Dracula’s main antagonist. An antagonist is the character who acts against the main character, which increases the conflict of the story and intensifies the plot. Through the use of theme, characterization and specific events, the author shows readers how Dr. Van Helsing effectively fits the role of Dracula’s most threatening adversary.
In the late 19th century, when Dracula by Bram Stoker is written, women were only perceived as conservative housewives, only tending to their family’s needs and being solely dependent of their husbands to provide for them. This novel portrays that completely in accordance to Mina Harker, but Lucy Westenra is the complete opposite. Lucy parades around in just her demeanor as a promiscuous and sexual person. While Mina only cares about learning new things in order to assist her soon-to-be husband Jonathan Harker. Lucy and Mina both become victims of vampirism in the novel. Mina is fortunate but Lucy is not. Overall, the assumption of women as the weaker specimen is greatly immense in the late 19th century. There are also many underlying
Bram Stoker’s Dracula magnificently portrays Anti-Christian values and beliefs through one of its central characters, Dracula. Dracula himself, a demonic figure, both in appearance and in behavior, could be considered the Anti-Christ. This idea of Dracula as a gothic Anti-Christ is a major element in the novel. Stoker displays numerous Anti-Christian values, superstitious beliefs, and compares and contrasts the powers of God with those of Dracula.