Low Frequency Noise And Its Effects On Community Health

At the higher levels, it may lead to physical and psychological damage. There is evidence that noise is one of the major causes of stress and anxiety. It also causes headaches and irritability. It may also affect blood pressure and heart beat. As there is growing number of vehicles on the road, we are exposed to noise pollution everyday. The government in advanced countries encourage their citizens to take the public buses and trains by providing an affordable and efficient transportation

Vulnerability is defined as susceptibility or increased risk for health problems (DeChesnay, 2008).  A group of individuals are considered at higher risk for illness when their physical, emotional, psychological, or social health, is compromised (Aday, 2001).  There are many leading causes for why a population is considered at higher risk; socioeconomic, age, gender, demographics, personal, and cultural backgrounds are some of the key factors (Aday, 2001; Sebation, 1996). Individuals can become vulnerable at any time because of change in life circumstances, placing them at higher risk. One group

Vulnerability factors considered in this paper will be broken down as follows, micro- individual and familial factors, generation level, meso- environmental factors , discrimination, neighborhood ethnic density, macro-culture, beliefs, socioeconomic status and chrono-

Anthropologic noise pollution can come from many different sources, some of the more common ones are commercial shipping, acoustic deterrent devices, military sonar, and explosives (used in some seismic surveys for oil and gas as well as military exercises). The main focus will be on military sonar use, seismic surveys, and acoustic deterrent

‘’Vulnerability is the quality of being easily hurt or attacked.’’ (Vocab.com) Vulnerable groups in society are the disabled, migrant children or adults, individuals with illnesses, individuals who are abused, and anyone who is subjected to racism.

Social Vulnerability refers to risk as its primary element (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). Every individual is exposed to risk factors therefore; everyone is potentially vulnerable to health problems (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). Social vulnerability consists of various economic, democratic, and cultural variables in relation to an individual’s likelihood of becoming ill (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). The degree of social vulnerability is that an individual experience is greatly reliant on their personal capacity to tolerate adverse influences (Scanlon & Lee, 2007). Each individual will have different strategies and abilities in coping, resisting, and recovering from situations that could result in social vulnerability (Scanlon & Lee, 2007).

There are several categories of vulnerability some of which include physical, economic, and social, and environmental vulnerability. For example, a physical vulnerability could be viewed as brick houses that reside in areas that

The vulnerability is defined in terms of two distinctive elements. The individual vulnerability is a denoted as a shortcoming within the systems context. The collective vulnerability is an aggregate of the individuals and normally denoted as vulnerable populations. The vulnerability can be defined in terms of the individual's circumstances, life scenarios, illness, or events occurring in one's life. Hence it is evident that any individual can be vulnerable at any given time. The concepts of vulnerable population are related to the aggregate public health perception that inherits the vulnerability through status. It can be explained that a certain group of individual faces risk at a given time in comparison with the other group. The vulnerable populations are also explained in terms

Coronary heart disease (CHD), a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart, effects millions of Americans. Approximately 370,000 people in the United States die from this disease. Evidence from recent studies show that we can now add noise to the already known CHD risk factors, such as, diabetes, high blood pressure, altered blood lipids, obesity, smoking, menopause, and inactivity. New data shows that noise pollution is causing more deaths from heart disease, contradicting what was previously assumed. Daily noise pollution can be defined as environmental, such as road traffic, trains, and aircraft and daily exposure can cause CHD. As noise pollution is a contributing factor for Coronary Heart Disease, there

Vulnerability can be defined as “a set of prevailing or consequencial conditions, which adversly affect the community 's ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for or respond to hazard events” according Anderson and Woodrow (1989). The main goal of vulnerability assessments is to identify people or places that are most susceptible to harm and to establish vulnerability-reducing actions (Luers, 2005). Vulnerability is comprised of three dimensions: exposure, sensitivity and resilience. Exposure is the way and the extent to which a system experiences environmental or socio-political stress (Adger, 2006). Here a stress stress can be both environmental and human in nature and can be

“A vulnerable population is a group or groups that are more likely to develop health- related problems, have more difficulty accessing health care to address those health problems, and are more likely to experience a poor outcome or shorter life span because of those health conditions.” (Maurer & Smith,2009, pp. 533)

When a person contaminates the atmosphere with the unreasonable sound which is also wrongful in nature and thereby which interferes or infringes other human being’s rights such as right to be left alone ( Which has been recently inculcated by Supreme court in Right to Privacy) and the freedom to live his life by his own choice with less noise.

Air pollution has been a severe challenge to fuel consuming industries (Wang & Hao 2012). Stringent measures are to be implemented to reduce the effects of carbon emission to the environment. The WHO (2011) has acknowledged the noise environmental impact as a serious burden of disease, and recent contemporary studies have recognized a link between aviation noise and cardiovascular disease (Hnasel 2013).

The Studies found any sound levels crosses the 70dB mark; it becomes noise for the ear. Noise levels above 80 decibels produce damaging effects to the ear. When ear is exposed to extreme loud noise (above 100 decibels) for a considerable period of time, it can cause irreparable damage and lead to permanent hearing loss. Sleep Disturbances is one of the noise pollution effects that can deter your overall well being. Noise can interrupt a good night’s sleep, and when this occurs, the person feels extremely annoyed and uncomfortable. People deprived of uninterrupted sleep show a sharp dip in their energy levels which often results into extreme fatigue. This can considerably decrease a person’s ability to work efficiently. Noise pollution may also lead to mental health problems. Exposure to loud sound can result in elevated stress levels as well as stimulate violent behavior. A constant noise in the vicinity can also trigger headaches, make people tense and anxious, and disturb emotional balance. Another effect of noise pollution is on cardiovascular issues. Studies have shown that high intensity sound cause a dramatic rise in blood pressure as noise levels constrict the arteries, disrupting the blood flow. The heart rate (the number of heartbeats per minute) also increases. These sudden abnormal changes in

Economic development, along with globalization and an improved transportation system made it a lot easier for people to be able to move from place to place. Commercial businesses began popping up everywhere and conflicts were bound to happen from time to time. When there are complaint(s) about noise violations police officers often use civil remedies to mediate what an ordinary citizen perceives to be a crime. It is important that these commercial businesses find ways to prohibit people from disturbing the peace and being a nuisance to other businesses in the surrounding area. Nuisance is defined as a condition that interferes with the neighbors’ use or enjoyment of their property, endangers life, health or safety, or is offensive to