General Study Information Principle Investigator: Lesley A Houghton, Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Florida Study Title: Chronic Cough and Reflux: Is Esophageal Motility the Key? Co-Investigator(s): Respiratory Research Group University of Manchester, UK Jaclyn A Smith, MRC Clinician Scientist and Reader, University of Manchester, Consultant Pulmonologist, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust; Visiting Scientist, Mayo Clinic…

Materials & Method The present study was a clinical study carried out to evaluate the changes in salivary ph, after consumption of different snacks and beverages and to estimate their oral clearance time. SAMPLING: 60 randomly selected undergraduate students from hostel inmates of K.D. Dental College and Hospital, Mathura were examined. Out of these, 5 subjects were selected on the basis of following inclusion and exclusion criterion: Inclusion Criterion: • Subjects who were caries free i.e. DMFT…

CLINICAL OVERVIEW - Esophageal Varices TERMINOLOGY CLINICAL CLARIFICATION o Esophageal varices are abnormal, enlarged veins in the lower part of the esophagus. Esophageal varices develop when normal blood flow to the liver is obstructed by scar tissue in the liver or a clot. Seeking a way around the blockages, blood flows into smaller blood vessels that are not designed to carry large volumes of blood. The vessels may leak blood or even rupture, causing life-threatening bleeding. CLASSIFICATION…

One of the most common type of cancers around the world is esophageal cancer. The common risk factors that increase esophageal cancer are the use of tobacco and alcohol, and gastric reflux. More men than women are affected by esophageal cancer [7]. The risk of cancer can be reduced by quitting smoking and quitting drinking alcohol, eating nutritious food, and doing exercise [6,7]. The common treatment options available for esophageal cancer are chemoradiation, invasive surgery, and photodynamic therapy…

Enzymes and pH Concentration Abstract Enzymes are high molecular weight molecules and are proteins in nature. Enzymes work as catalysts in biochemical reactions in living organisms. Enzyme Catecholase is found on in plants, animals as well as fungi and is responsible for the darkening of different fruits. In most cases enzymatic activities are influenced by a number of factors, among them is temperature, PH, enzyme concentration as well as substrate concentration (Silverthorn, 2004). In this experiment…

pH is a measure of the concentration of the H3O+ ions in a solution, and buffers are solutions that resist changes in the pH when an acid or an alkali is added. The objective of this lab was to determine the ways in which a buffer could effect changes in pH of a solution. This was done through titrations of phosphate solutions, acidic HCl, and basic NaOH, with distilled water. The intent was to note the changes caused by the buffer by observing the buffering range and buffering capacity from the…

“Bicarbonate infusion and pH clamp moderately reduce hyperventilation during ramp exercise in humans”, executed and written by Francois Peronnet, Tim Meyer, Bernard Aguilaniu, Carl-Etienne Juneau, Oliver Faude, and Wilfried Kindermann was first published on September 7th, 2006. The purpose of the study was to test and determine if the decrease in plasma pH contributes to the hyperventilation observed in humans in response to high intensity workload. During the experiment, the plasma pH was the vocal point…

What is pH? PH (Power of Hydrogen) is the measure of acidity or basicity of any aqueous solution. The power of hydrogen just means that you are measuring the concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution. A sample of 100% pure water has a pH level of 7.0 meaning that it is neutral. It is considered neutral because of the way the pH scale is set up. The way to measure the pH level of a solution is by using the pH scale. The pH scale consists of numbers from 0-14. What does these numbers mean? Any…

A pH system is located in all freshwater systems. A pH is a negative log oh hydrogen ion concentration in a water based solution. A biochemist Soren Peter Lauitz Sorensen discovered what pH means in 1909. He figured out that pH stands for “ power of hydrogen” where “ p” is short for the word “potenz” and the symbol “H” stands for the element of hydrogen. To measure the pH in freshwater, you can calculate it using a pH scale. Each scale runs between 1 – 14, and has different meanings at each level…

Esophageal cancer, or oesophageal cancer, is a lethal variation of cancer globally ranking sixth as the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths and eighth as the most common type of cancer (Pennathur et al. 2013). In contrast to other parts of the world, the United States has experienced a decrease in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma incidence rates and a distinct increase in esophageal adenocarcinoma, which corresponds to increased obesity and gastroesophageal reflux rates over the years (Simard…