Essay On Chilean Earthquake

Earthquakes have afflicted the world since its inception. The sudden release of energy from volcanoes or displacing of earth plates can result in disasters of extreme magnitude. These usually naturally occurring phenomenon have been responsible from wiping out entire towns throughout history and until today continue to produce major loss of life and infrastructure. It can take years for a city or country to recover from a major event of this kind and when a third world country is involved, the result is usually exponentially worse than in a developed country. In the past decades Japan, Chile and Haiti have suffered the devastation an earthquake produces. This document will concentrate in Haiti, a small country in the Caribbean. On

Did you know in 1906 an earthquake with a 7.1 on the Richter scale hit San Francisco? Not only that the damages were huge, the fire resulted from the earthquake burned down twenty-eight thousand buildings alone! But, the earthquake made around two hundred and twenty-five thousand residents homeless which was more than half the amount of residents in San Francisco at the time. Also, if we presume that there were four people in a house then that’s fifty-six thousand two hundred and twenty-five housing that's been demolished, oh you might have noticed, but that is just a 7.1 earthquake which isn’t even the strongest earthquake to hit the world! Now here is an interesting question, what makes these earthquakes so dangerous? Or rather how does earthquake destroy things anyway because you know that earthquakes are just the shifting of the earth's crust.

In early 2010 central south Chile experienced a Mw = 8.8 earthquake and large tsunami waves that devastated areas on the Chilean Pacific coast, nearby offshore islands, and areas near the epicenter. In addition to the tsunami, the earthquake had many other geological consequences including aftershocks, terrestrial and submarine land-sliding, elevation changes, and a gravity shift. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and analyze the earthquake, its consequences, the resulting damages, and mitigation.

2.3 The 1960 Chile earthquake was caused by the Nazca plate releasing tension and descending 15 meters underneath the South American Plate. (See figure 2.3)

Earthquakes, they destroy, kill, and demolish. Earthquakes have been recorded for a long time. Records have been and always will continue to be recorded for centuries. Earthquakes are recorded by instruments called seismographs. The recording that they make is called a seismogram. These drum sized tubes of decades of earthquakes are more than likely stored in science labs. Earthquakes however, are the releasing of stored energy from plate tectonics. Plate tectonics is the study of 7 massive pieces of rock called continents. They build up energy from pressurized rock that is pushed against each other. When it releases it is like ripples in the water but those ripples are about 10 times the size, plus the waves can go through the earth and hit outer parts of the earth on the other side. Yet, because of different types of materials, the waves will never pass straight through the earth. The thing that powers plate tectonics is convection currents.

Earthquakes are one of many natural disasters that occurs around the world. This natural disaster causes both destruction of the Earth’s surface and its lithosphere. The cause of these violent natural disasters is when two tectonic plates, slide past each other at a transform plate boundary. Before the plates slide past each other, they get stuck and cannot move. Stress forms and when it becomes too great, a rapid release of energy causes the earthquakes to happen, which produces seismic waves. Seismic waves cause vibrations which can cause faults to form or a crack in the Earth’s lithosphere. Earthquakes have an impact on buildings by the waves causing vibrations that can be so violent, they can crumble a building.

Earthquakes occur as a result of the abrupt release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates a series of waves known as seismic waves. Earth quakes greatly affect people whether they are living in economically disadvantaged countries or in economically developed countries. However, the way each of them responds to the hazard is different.

As well all understand an earthquake are when tectonic plates move against each other which causes an enormous disturbance. These natural disasters are absolutely catastrophic they cause more than 10,000 deaths a year,

The Great Chilean Earthquake was caused when the Nazca Plate subducted under the South American Plate. This exact

Earthquakes have been around for longer than humans have roamed the Earth. Even though humans haven’t been around to record all earthquakes, they have been around to record many significant ones in the past that have done damages to not only civilizations, but human lives and even the economy. A prime example of an earthquake that wreaked havoc on Earth was the Great Chilean Earthquake. This was the world’s largest ever recorded earthquake which had a magnitude of 9.5 that hit near Valdivia, Chile on May 22, 1960 at 19:11. This was the largest earthquake of the 20th century that triggered large tsunamis to occur all through the Pacific Ocean Basin. This earthquake destroyed large amounts of buildings, killed many people, and had a significant impact on the economy.

The geographic phenomenon causes a mysterious shaking and even will cause structures to collapse. The shaking from them is very destructive and a threat to human life if strong enough. Occurring every day, but some are not powerful enough to be felt because they contrast from being harmless to deadly. They are natural disasters that happen unexpectedly while destroying almost everything in just under a few minutes and extremely harmful and more powerful than a nuclear object would be. Earthquakes are incidents when the rocks under the earth move, freeing energy that later causes shaking. The plates move in many different ways and occur just as frequently as in the past (Wells). An earthquake is the most deadly disaster with many leading factors and disputes (Stock).

Earthquakes around the world are bound to bring mass destruction. In today 's society, the increase of earthquakes has become popular throughout the map. While these earthquakes lead us to destruction and helplessness, the cause of them and the history behind them all can leave everyone without further questions. These earthquakes have been around many years as witnessed and there seems to be no stop to them.

May 22nd, 1960 this date will forever be in the records of history as one of the days when humanity has witness the power of nature like never before and until today there hasn 't been anything similar to this cataclysm. Earthquakes are known around the world for their destruction and its killing path that in the most powerful situations they can provoke. An earthquake happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another and the surface where they slip is called the fault. The location of the earthquake above the surface is called the epicenter. Earthquakes has foreshocks and aftershocks this are these are smaller earthquakes that take place before and after the main shocks in the same Area. Aftershocks can still taking place after the main shock for weeks and months and create more destruction in the zones that have already been affected by an earthquake. The 1960 earthquake the biggest earthquake ever recorder had a foreshock magnitude of 8.1 and was followed by a 9.5 earthquake that completely destroyed the city of Valdivia and affected many others part of the world with tsunamis in almost all the pacific ocean it also caused the eruption of a volcano in Chile adding more destruction to this country and costing more lives. This paper will give important information above this big catastrophic event of nature and its effects on Chile and others part of the world that

Earthquake is a natural disaster that occurs when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface where they slip is called the fault, also known as the fault plane. The area below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocentre, and the area above it on the surface is called the epicentre.

The data from nine earthquakes happened in winter and summer time, with magnitudes ranging from M 3.0 to M5.7, was collected at a sampling rate 200 Hz and preprocessed for the further analysis [4]. Then, dynamic properties of the structure were obtained using modal property identification toolbox (MPIT 2.0) developed at the University of Auckland [13]. The modes were determined from the following system identification algorithms: