Ester Synthesis Lab Report

3. The IR spectrum of the starting material shows a medium/strong C-O bond at around 1500cm-1, also the starting material shows a strong C-H bond at around 3000cm-1 and another medium C-H bond at 2865cm-1 indicating an aldehyde group whereas the product does not. The IR spectrum of the product shows a two weak broad O-H peaks at around

The purpose of this experiment was to practice the functional group transformation procedure. The process of the experiment included the dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol in the presence of phosphoric acid and heat. The products that were formed from the reaction were 1-methylcyclohexene and 3-methylcyclohexene. The mass of the final product solution was 0.502g with a percent yield of 18.7% and a boiling point range of 84.5-98.5oC.

Hydrogens, alkyls, or aryls bonded to carboxyl groups—made up of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group—are known as carboxylic acids. Derivatives of carboxylic acids include acid chlorides, esters, anhydrides, amides, and generally nitriles. These derivatives are formed by the replacement of the hydroxyl group with a different electronegative heteroatom substituent, which can be a single atom, such as a chlorine atom, or a group of atoms, such as in the formation of

After 10 minutes the reaction liquid was separated from the solid using a vacuum filtration system and toluene. The product was stored and dried until week 2 of the experiment. The product was weighed to be 0.31 g. Percent yield was calculated to be 38.75%. IR spectra data was conducted for the two starting materials and of the product. Melting point determination was performed on the product and proton NMR spectrum was given. The IR spectrum revealed peaks at 1720 cm-1, which indicated the presence of a lactone group, and 1730 cm-1, representing a functional group of a carboxylic acid (C=O), and 3300cm-1, indicating the presence of an alcohol group (O-H). All three peaks correspond with the desired product. A second TLC using the same mobile and stationary phase as the first was performed and revealed Rf Values of 0.17 and 0.43for the product. The first value was unique to the product indicating that the Diels-Alder reaction was successful. The other Rf value of 0.43 matched that of maleic anhydride indicating some

There was an C-C double bond, as indicated by the peak at about 1609 cm-1. Sp3 C-H was also present as indicated from the peaks in the 3000cm-1 to 2850cm-1 region. The C-O bond of an ester is present, as indicated from the 1266cm-1 peak. From analyzing both the

[51] mp 182–184°C; Lit. [53] mp 183–184°C); IR (KBr, cm-1): 3290 (m, N–H, stretch), 1680 (s, C =O, stretch), 1614 (s, C=C, stretch), 1456, 1398, 1330, 1210, 1017, 824, 701; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ 1.89–1.93 (m, 2H, H-5), 2.36 (s, 3H, CH3-4′), 2.78–2.94 (m, 2H, H-4), 3.42–3.47 (m, 2H, H-6), 6.12 (brs, 1H, N-H, exchangeable with D2O), 7.20 (d, 2H, J = 7.5 Hz, H-3′ & H-5′), 7.32 (d, 2H, J = 7.5 Hz, H-2′ & H-6′), 7.85 (s, 1H, Hβ); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ 21.30 (C4′-CH3), 23.70 (C5), 29.47 (C4), 42.06 (C6), 129.23, 129.75, 130.78, 133.45 (C1′, C2′, C3′, C4′, C5′, C6′), 134.72 (Cβ), 137.85 (C3), 167.04 (C2); ESI-MS m/z: 201 (M+∙, 50.8), 200 (100), 186 (5.1), 173 (6.8), 172 (4.4), 143 (7.4), 130 (3.8), 129 (14.3), 128 (10.8), 116 (4.8), 115 (16.2), 105 (3.8), 91 (0.8), 77 (0.9); Anal. Calcd. for C13H15NO (201.12): C, 77.58; H, 7.51; N, 6.96. Found: C, 77.26; H, 7.80; N,

The structure of all the synthesized derivatives was confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and elemental

The HDO reaction performed by Pt/C, under 300°C, 3 MPa H2 pressure, for 60 min. The yield of the products (gas, char, light oil, and heavy oil) was differed from the pretreated temperature. The bio-oil pretreated at 100°C revealed the highest heavy oil yield (51.9 wt%). While, 50°C pretreatment, that yielded similar liquid products (96.6 wt%) presented 41.0 wt% heavy oil, after the 2nd step HDO. The pretreatment step affected by the temperature over 100°C, however, the products obtained from the HDO reaction after the pretreatment, yielded differently alongside of the pretreatment temperature.

Synthesis of 9,(12)-hydroxy-10,(13)-oleioxyoctadecanoic acid (HYOODA) (3) MELA 2 (1.55 g; 0.005 mol) and the catalyst PTSA (0.62 gm; 0.002 mol) were dissolved in toluene (10 mL) for 1.5 h and the temperature of the mixture reaction was adjusted at 50 °C. OA (0.31 gm; 0.001 mol) was added during 1.5 h to keep the mixture temperature under 70-80 ºC. The reaction mixture was subsequently heated at 110 ºC, and for 4.5 h. The mixture was washed with the water and was dried by using anhydrous sodium sulphate. Synthesis of oleyl 9,(12)-hydroxy-10,(13)-oleioxyoctadecanoate (OLHYOODT) (4) HYOODA 3 (5 g; 0.01 mol) and OL of (10 g; 0.02 mol) were heated at 90 °C for 1 h and later, the SG was dried and added to the reaction mixture. The mixture was heated

The volume of biodiesel was 1.5mL. The mass of the graduated cylinder and the biodiesel was 10.41. The mass of biodiesel was calculated by the equation mass biodiesel = mass of g.c. w/biodiesel— mass of g.c. and the results were 0.49. The density of biodiesel was calculated by the equation density = mass/volume and the results were 0.32. The pH of the biodiesel was tested and was 5.

An ester was synthesized during an organic reaction and identified by IR spectroscopy and boiling point. Acetic acid was added to 4-methyl-2-pentanol, which was catalyzed by sulfuric acid. This produced the desired ester and water. After the ester was isolated a percent yield of 55.1% was calculated from the 0.872 g of ester recovered. This quantitative error was most likely due to product getting stuck in the apparatus. The boiling point of the ester was 143° C, only one degree off from the theoretical boiling point of the ester 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 144 ° C. The values of the

If air is admitted to the sample, that spectrum is replaced by one consisting of a quintet of quintets, which we assign, on the basis of the further experiments described below, to the radical anion (1). Two reasonable routes by which the reaction might occur are illustrated in equation A, where the two rings become linked either by the condensation of cyclo- pentadienyl-lithium with cyclopentadienone resulting from the autoxidation of cyclopentadienyl-lithium, or by the coupling of two cyclopentadienyl radicals. The same spectrum is obtained by the autoxidation of the dilithium salt of dihydrofulvalene (2) prepared by Doering and Matzner's method (equation B) ; the pink colour of the suspension of the dianion (2) in tetrahydrofuran changes first to deep green then to violet when the e.s.r. spectrum of the radical anion becomes apparent. Further autoxidation gives the characteristic orange colour of fulvalene? and reaction of this with a sodium mirror and subsequent photolysis restores the colour and the e.s.r. spectrum of the radical anion. Similarly, electrolytic reduction of the fulvalene shows the same 25- line spectrum(equation

In this experiment, a Fischer Esterification reaction was performed with two unknown compounds. The unknown compounds, Acid 2 and Alcohol D, were identified by using the knowledge of the reaction that took place, and the identity of the product that was synthesized. The identification of the product resulted from analysis of IR and NMR spectra.

The purpose of this lab was to synthesize the ester isopentyl acetate via an acid catalyzed esterification (Fischer Esterification) of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. Emil Fischer and Arthur Speier were the pioneers of this reaction referred to as Fischer Esterification. The reaction is characterized by the combining of an alcohol and an acid (with an acid catalyst) to yield and ester plus water. In order to accomplish the reaction, the reactants were

In this experiment, methyl benzoate was synthesized from benzoic acid and methanol with acid catalyze using Fisher Esterification. First benzoic acid and methanol were mixed in 100 mL round bottom flask. We cooled the mixture in ice and poured 3 mL of conc. H2SO4 and swirled to mix compounds. Then we refluxed the mixture for 1 hour. We let the solution cool and then decanted into a separatory funnel containing 50 mL of water and rinsed the round bottom flask with 35 mL of tert-butyl methyl ether and added that to a separatory funnel. We shook and vented thoroughly and drained the aqueous layer which contained a bulk of methanol and H2SO4. We washed the solution in the separatory funnel with 25 mL of water, followed by 25 mL of sat. sodium bicarbonate