Ethnicity and Exclusion through Space

Much of these change have been focussed on achieving wider access to welfare benefits and having a tenancy to live in supported homes. The aim of supported living practice like mencap to achieve choice, control and community inclusion has been much less of a focus. The result has been a focus on the housing ‘mechanics’ and as a consequence housing rights are often denied in, institutional practices continue in supported living and community inclusion and networks are not achieved by

These days’ different organisations are involved and are influencing the system when dealing with social problems. Firstly, the citizen’s individual’s participation to improve the wellbeing of the community. Secondly, the community they may represent the interest of a group, organisation and / or individuals. Lastly, the government they have the responsibility for legislation, social and economic planning, public policy and program, safety and protection of community members, etc. Government agencies invest and deliver services for the community such as: education and employment opportunities; secure, sustainable housing and infrastructure; and good health and wellbeing across the life course. These diverse services are provided to people across their life span and include: community development; early intervention services; advice and information; crisis support; and ongoing services. (How government works, 2016)

This essay will explore housing as a social determinant of health and the effects it has on the physical and mental health and wellbeing of families, communities and individuals. Poor housing and poverty may be a result of overcrowding, dampness, mould, insufficient heating and poor ventilation. It can have detrimental effects on the behaviour of individuals, how families cooperate and friendliness within communities. Poor housing can cause anything from colds and flus to cardiovascular disease but also may affect mental health. This may lead to individuals experiencing depression and anxiety. It is also common for children’s development to be disrupted due to poor housing and poverty. Different housing-related conditions results in different physical and mental health illnesses for different age groups, for example, overcrowding affecting the respiratory system is more common in childhood whereas insufficient heating having a negative affect and causing excess winter deaths is prone to those age 65 and over.

According to chapter 4, cultural space is defined as the communicative practices that construct meanings in, through, and about particular places (Sorrells). In other words, cultural space is something that creates symbols and shapes the identity of a certain culture. Cultural space gives distinct characteristics and, most of the time, a generalized meaning, to one’s identity.

What is the importance of community? Please talk about your experience with working with diverse groups of people and how you interact with others that are different from you in a community setting.

Moving beyond simple tolerance, we can create a productive environment in which everybody feels welcome helping building social housing, also working in factories

Equality was once a repulsive concept within America, today it seems to be a foregone conclusion. Indeed, we have made so many strides in the way that we view race that it seems a gross misstep every time that it needs to be addressed. Even our President, an African American who overcame tremendous odds to rise to the highest office does not have the answers to our issues with race, rather he calls on us all to “ask some tough questions about how we can permit so many of our children to languish in poverty, or attend dilapidated schools, or grow up without prospects for a job or for a career.” For most, these questions point to sources outside of themselves, but perhaps there a bit of introspection is the answer. Systematic segregation can

Very few of us are aware of the difference between race and ethnicity. Many of us assumed that is the same definition. In Sociology this terms have a very specific and different meaning.

I decided that while this was something common and had backing maybe I should do more digging before bringing it up with anyone else. So, I decided to try a different approach, I copied all the patient files, then ran them through a program that sorted them by race. Now I didn’t think this would go anywhere as the country is now much more integrated than it was during the time period any of the articles or books I found were written in. Imagine my surprise when I find that the repeat visits from minority races all have issues such as insecurity in their job and social life, many of them seem to have a dislike for how they look or act at times and they let this control them but then they dislike themselves even more and some of them have inferiority

Lee and Bean argue that in the U.S today while “racial boundaries may be fading, they are not disappearing at the same pace for all groups” (Lee Jennifer, Frank D Bean, Beyond Black and White). Lee and Bean argue that in our current society, it is no longer a white and non white racial structure, it’s argued now that our society is forming a new color line that is “less rigid for Latinos and Asians than blacks” (Lee Jennifer, Frank D Bean, Beyond Black and White). This new color line that is being created focuses less on racial background and more on integration, and skin color, the new structure is everyone else in society with only African Americans still being strongly excluded. Non black minorities such as Asians and Latinos are starting to become more “white” and gain greater benefits in society because of their higher rates of intermarriage with whites, stronger levels of assimilation into white society, and therefore greater integration into white culture. With these benefits come better job opportunities, social mobility, and most importantly access to better education. However since the color line still disadvantages African Americans I tried to create a policy to combat educational inequality among the color line and hopefully break down these barriers. My policy would raise taxes and create more funding for schools that are located in segregated African American neighborhoods, “37% of African Americans students attend a school that is almost entirely black”

Racial identity (passing) alludes to an individual considered a part of one racial assembly additionally acknowledged as a part of an alternate racial gathering. The term was utilized particularly as a part of the U.S. to portray an individual of blended race legacy acclimatizing into the white larger part throughout times when lawful and social meetings of hypo descent arranged the individual as a minority, subject to racial isolation and segregation (Smedley).

In the novel “Police, Power and the Production of Racial Boundaries” by Ana Muniz, exposes how entrepreneurs, law enforcement, society and the criminal justice system shape our views towards minority races. Considering this, these influential groups and systems would use political policies and everyday procedures to criminalize and incriminate the African American and Latino communities in the Los Angeles area. Furthermore, she reveals the development of multiple-unit housing, residential and school desegregation, and lastly Los Angeles first gang injunction and how people of power shape our lives.

Dr. Jennings started with the question, “How might we together create spaces of hope in this world?” He explained that this question stems from the fact that our minds have been condition to use racial reasoning and spacial segregation in our every day lives. Dr. Jennings continued to explain that historically, the ancestors of this great nation have been creating racial segregation ever since their arrival to the new world. Early colonialists claimed the land as their own and claimed power over the indigenous peoples, unconsciously developing a segregated and altered relationship between the people and the land with which they inhabit. After this land was taken these people viewed animals as tools, and classified land as either over developed

Race and ethnicity are commonly used as synonyms for each other as we encounter many diverse individuals throughout the world. Sociologist on the other hand, find very distinct understandings to how these terms, while different, hold correlation to one another. Max Weber, a founding figure of sociology, was one of the first to define race and ethnicity. He stood with the idea of essentialism which presumes "that and individual 's identity depends on fundamental and innate characteristics that are deep-seated, inherited, and unchangeable." (Pearson, pg 241) As for ethnicity, Weber described it as subjective belief in relations to a groups common descent. While sociologist today may disagree with Weber 's theory, they do apply this idea of subjectivity and have correlated it to that of not only group definitions but of our own perceptions of biological similarity.

These Ecological concepts demographics, competition, segregation and integration can help social workers analyze a community in terms of its fairness and support to all of its members. One of the strengths gathered from this perspective is that it allows for the issues to be identified and it implements change as needed. The Human Ecology perspective can help frame subsequent questions like how to change the situation. It has concern for the individuals within the community but its main focus is on the environment. With the focus on the environment it will be better to determine why people behave the way they do. One of the concepts of this perspective is also one of tis strengths and that is when integration occurs. Members will come together and function as a whole. However, this theory does have its weaknesses. For one when the demographics mentioned are becoming unlivable members will compete and segregate themselves. This causes the community to always be in chaos. Viewing communities from a Human Ecology perspective it provides a useful assessment mechanism for understanding why people act as they do within the context of the larger community macro system.