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Ethnographic Analogies

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Ethnography is the study of particular cultural group or community and usually relies on participant observation. Ethnographic analogies can be carried out by archaeologist, it involves comparison of a past community and their material culture and a current similar community and helps to broaden understanding of the past. As archaeologists, for the most part, have very few written sources, and while studying prehistoric people they have no written resources about these societies and therefore must make inferences and analogies from what artefacts these cultures have left behind. These analogies come in two forms, formal and relational, which will be explained later in this essay, due to different forms of analogies and interpretations from …show more content…

Later, Binford would go on to suggest that if distinctive features could be shown in modern societies that correlated with the material culture of a past society then you can infer from this that the past society would or could have behaved in a similar way (Binford, 1962: 217-25). However, Middle- range theory has itself been critiqued by other scholars, notably Christopher Pierce a researcher administrator specialising in archaeological science who states that the inferences created in middle-range theory, which can therefore be expanded to ethnographic analogies are based on reconstructions of past dynamics which are no longer observable (Pierce 1989: 3). Therefore, their validity rests solely upon the methods used to generate them, he goes on to say no empirical tests can be done as there is no empirical data this is therefore a major critique on middle- range theory as it highlights how according to Pierce Binfords statements ‘are not universal laws, but empirical generalizations’ (Pierce, 1989: 6) whose validity can be

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