Etkin Grey Matter

During brain development, beginning in the womb into adulthood, all of these cells must be grouped and organized into specific networks, which create the architecture of the brain (Perry & Szalavitz, 2006). The brainstem, the diencephalon, the cortex and the limbic system are the four major parts of the brain. The brain is organized from the inside out, thus, “the lower and most central regions of the brainstem and diencephalon are the simplest” (Perry & Szalavitz, 2006, p. 21) and are also the first to form, therefore, developing first as the child grows and develops (Perry & Szalavitz, 2006). As the brain develops upward and outward, the limbic system becomes more complex and the cortex is the crowning achievement of the brain structure (Perry & Szalavitz, 2006). These four areas of the brain are organized from top to bottom and inside to outside, although these four areas are interconnected, each one controls different functions such as the brainstem controls body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure, as well as respiration. The limbic system and diencephalon control emotional responses that help to guide one’s behavior such as fear, love, joy and anger. The cortex, the top part of the brain, regulates the complex and high functions such as speech, critical thinking, and decision-making (Perry & Szalavitz, 2006). The

The frontal lobe of the brain if affected by dementia can mean that the sufferer is ‘unaware’ that their behaviour is unacceptable, or not the ‘norm’. The sufferer can become agitated very quickly, and suffer from depression. They may be unaware of apparent dangers, and unable to recognise what is ‘acceptable’ or ‘unacceptable’ behaviours. They may have violent outbursts, and exhibit ‘threatening’ behaviour to others.

The symptom that will impact the patient and the families the most is progressive dementia. Dementia describes a range of symptoms, for examples; memory loss, impaired judgment and language, lack of complex motor skills, and the inability to process cognitively(About Dementia). Two other symptoms of CTE are impulsive control issues and aggression. People with impulsive control issues or disorders usually have a hard time suppressing urges and tend to do harmful things to themselves or others (Psych Central). Aggression groups together behaviors that can either be physical or psychological in other words mentally harmful to oneself, others, or objects in the environment. Different forms of aggression include physical, verbal, mental, and emotional aggression (Verywell). Confusion and depression are the last two main symptoms of CTE. Confusion can make you feel disoriented and have a hard time focusing, you feel as if you can't think clearly (HealthLine). Depression is a mood disorder in which you have a feeling of sadness and loss of interest. It can also affect how you feel and think which then could lead to both emotional and physical problems (Mayo Clinic) (Boston University). These symptoms can help doctors and specialist determine if you should be tested for

In addition, the limbic system is responsible for our perception of other emotions, both positive and negative, which explains the mood altering properties of many drugs. The cerebral cortex is divided into areas that control specific functions. Different areas process information from our senses, enabling us to see, feel, hear, and taste. The front part of the cortex, the frontal cortex or forebrain, is the thinking center of the brain, it powers our ability to think, plan, solve problems, and make decisions.

These chapters Dr. Goldman talks about the interrelation of the cortex and the limbic system. The cortex is considered a part of the brain that controls rationality while the limbic system is the part of brain where your emotions come from. He shows emotional intelligence like a moderation of primitive impulses by mind. He suggests that the emotional intelligence can be taught.

Dementia is a disorder that affects the memory and thinking of whoever has it. It is very important to understand the different types of the disorder to get proper treatment. Dementia also can cause anger issues as it develops over time. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia as if effects around five million people. Symptoms include forgetting day or year, forgetting where placing things and trying to find them later, and poor judgement. Vascular dementia is usually caused when some has a major stroke or a silent stroke. Symptoms include trouble talking or understanding speech, inability to recognize familiar sounds and sights, and frequent trouble with walking. DLB dementia effects not only a persons mental state, but

Per Alz.org, “the Hippocampus is the area of the cortex that has an important role in the formation of new memories. Shrinkage of the brain is especially severe in this area. This topic is of interest to me because a close family member had Alzheimer’s” Knowing what happens in a person’s brain that can cause someone to have this brain disease is important and also if genes can play a role in AD. There are three distinct phases of AD, Mild, Moderate and Severe it is imperative for everybody to have the capacity to recognize the diverse stages. Signs of Mild AD can be wandering and getting lost or repeating questions. Moderate AD damage happens in regions of the brain that control language, reasoning, sensory processing, and conscious thought. Memory loss and confusion grow worse, and people begin to have problems recognizing family and friends (nih.gov). And lastly, the severe stage of AD plaques and tangles spread throughout the brain, and brain tissue shrinks significantly. Individuals with severe Alzheimer 's cannot communicate and are totally subject to others for their care. Close to the end, the individual might be sleeping most or all the time as the body shuts down.

The human brain goes through many changes from birth to death. The changes can be good while others may be bad. Such as Alzheimer’s disease, the disease affects the brain and persons cognitive function. Alzheimer’s is a progressive disease which has different stages. The stages will go from the early stages of the disease, to moderate, then eventually becoming severe. The person with Alzheimer’s disease it affected both physically and mentally

On the other hand, the insular cortex is especially linked to emotional processing. The region has been highlighted for its role in self-awareness, agency, and bodily ownership as well as for its relationship to empathy and the consciousness of interpersonal experiences. It is also where orgasms, social norm violations, and the sensation of pain are evaluated in the brain.

Manics become depressed because they are surprised at the damage they have done. Schizophrenia is very challenging because the smallest thing can cause victims of schizophrenia to snap; they often hurt someone in a flash. Bipolar is the most common disorder because one minute, people can be happy then the next minute, they are very upset and don't even know why. In order to understand the difference between the three mental disorders, doctors have to pay close attention. Then, it will be easier to tell the symptoms

Doctors are not sure what causes depression, but studies have shown that there is a change in brain activity and brain shape with the rapid change in a person’s mood. The brain is reported to shrink, or at least certain parts do, such as the hippocampus, which function is to store and create a human’s memories and the frontal lobes which are involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, judgment, impulse control, and social and sexual behavior. This destruction of the brain is linked to Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia.

Furthermore, the amygdala was significantly activated at the beginning of the speech anticipatory phase.” (Boehme et al. 2013). Another factor in this process was the emotion sate of each SAD patent and the processing of aversive emotional cues. These Cues played an important role in the representation of instinctual and autonomic responses to emotional stimuli. These cues showed the feelings and other conditions of certain situations show that The right anterior insula might be particularly involved in the re-representation of sympathicus activity. In conclusion

As I stand here before my fellow graduates, I want you all to take a second to thank those who have helped you get to this moment in time, but also do not forget to thank yourself and your gray matter. The gray matter is a specific gelatin like tissue structure of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of nerve cell bodies and branching dendrites; basically it is the tissue that makes up the brain. The gray matter performs multitudes of functions and roles including; muscle control, memory, speech, emotions, decision making, and even sensory perception like self-control. Your gray matter holds who you are essentially, your gray matter is what defines you.

“In 2002 James Blair of the NIMH showed that they are not good at detecting emotions, especially fear, in another person’s voice. They also have trouble identifying fearful facial expressions” (Kiehl and Buckholtz 25). The paralimbic system is contain several interconnected brain regions that allow one’s brain can record feelings and sensations of others to help he or she recognize that emotional values. The regions are anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, posterior cingulate, insula, and temporal pole. These regions help to control one’s behavior. For example, In the Anterior cingulate regions, it provides empathy, affect, decision making, and cognitive control. People who their brain are damaged in the orbitofrontal cortex wouldn’t have the ability to

Brain is the largest and one of the most complex organ in human body. It is made up of more than 100 billion nerves, which communicates with trillions of connections called synapse.6 The cell bodies of the neurons are called grey matter whereas the axons connecting different neurons are called white matter. Grey matter play a major role in terms of muscle control, sensing, memory, emotions, speech and self-control. In other words, grey matter is essential for proper functioning of human body and health as they regulate human body through various signals and hormones.7 Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training programs are widely used nowadays to tackle health issues, which prompted the researchers to conduct various