Adriann Welte
Mrs. Phelps
1.3 CP English
28 March 2017 Europe 's Human Zoos
Starting in the late 1800s, Europe was filled with public exhibitions of humans and animals called ethnological expositions. These so called “human zoos” were first created by Carl Hagenbeck. Originally, the zoos were created as a part of the great international trade fairs (Schofield). These expositions were brought to Europe to yield interest and delectation of the crowds. This began in the era before the cinema (“Shame and Exploitation”). When the animal trade declined in the 1870s, Carl Hagenbeck thought of bringing native humans into the zoos from remote regions (“Carl Hagenbeck”). As a result of bringing these natives to the zoos, many European
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Sara died in 1816 at the age of twenty six possibly from alcoholism, smallpox, or pneumonia (Sara). Other cages held tribes such as the Igorot village. The Igorot village was considered the most popular exhibit at the time (“Shame and Exploitation”). Within the Igorot village, were indigenous people who would perform sacred rituals such as crowning a chief. Although this ritual was sacred to the Igorot tribe, the Europeans took away all special meaning to the ritual by asking them to stage the crowning multiple times a day for different audiences. Sometimes tribes were expected to perform six to eight times a day usually with no breaks (“Editors of Rare”; “Shame and Exploitation”). Another reason the Europeans wanted to showcase this group was because their village ate dog for ceremonial reasons (“Shame and Exploitation”). Yet again, the Europeans fed the Indigenous people this everyday taking away the meaning in the ceremony. Moreover, the tribes who executed such rituals wore costumes. The positive outcome of wearing these costumes was that when the temperature dropped they had a layer on to keep them warm. Their native homeland climate was hot and dry (Sharairi). The costumes also prevented them from getting many of the diseases that were native to them and their countries (“Shame and Exploitation”). In the same way, the costumes protected them from the harsh living environments and conditions that they encountered. On the other hand, the natives who
This paper reviews and analyzes three main issues with the first one being leadership. Other sub-issues involve lack of vision, coercive leadership style, using taxpayer’s money for personal benefit and irresponsible top management. The organizational structure, mixed communication, and no clear indication to who to report to is the second. The third
“Some people talk to animals. Not many listen thought. That’s the problem.” - A.A. Milne. I feel that this means some people command the animals to work, while not understanding what the animal also wants or needs. In the debate, “Are Zoos Bad News?”, written anonymously, the author reports the ethical and unethical reasoning between zoos. This came after the attack on three victims. In my opinion, the existence of zoos should endure seeing that it educates people, zoos can alter the behaviour of people to animals and zoos promote wildlife conservation.
As the animal rights movement has developed and grown substantially in recent years, there has been an increased focused on the welfare of captive animals. A popular institution that has received much attention for keeping animals captive is the zoo. Because of this focus, zoos have responded by publicizing their positive benefits for existence in order to justify keeping these animals on display. Since the term “zoo” can have a wide variety of meaning and characteristics, it is important to define what constitutes a zoo in this essay. Zoos are defined as a facility in which animals are confined within enclosures, displayed to the public, and
Zoos are internment camps for animals, and it should be shut down because of all the mistreatment and bad effects it has caused on animals. These bad effects and mistreatment can be summarized to three major points, which are:
Zoos present a certain blend of nature and culture. They have always provided a way to bring natural wildlife and urban Americans together as a means of entertainment. Yet, throughout the years the role of zoos have changed. Though once used for amusement, zoos are now being used for education on preservation and the welfare of endangered species. One may wonder where and how the idea of zoos started and just how they, and the environment around them, have changed throughout history.
Some people go to zoos to see the wild animals, but that’s not all that they are for. People in groups such as PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) may think that zoos cannot provide the needs to wild animals as the wild can. Zoos help animals. They have improved, helping to repopulate species and save animals in the wild.
What was at one time used to show off wealth and power is now seen as a symbol of sadness and disgust, despite the many minds it blesses with wonder (Adwait- Kulkarni). Today there are huge controversies over Zoos and whether they are inhumane or not. There are also controversies about the United States of America and other countries. Many comparisons can be drawn between a Zoo and American culture. We go out to look at animals that are trapped in a place they have no control of, but could we really be looking at ourselves?
In Europe, a visit to the zoo was an expression of wealth. The European zoo provided a novel atmosphere for socializing and an upscale, refined form of recreation, further reinforcing that the European Zoo was for the upper class. A stark contrast, the American zoo, though attracting a diverse audience, has always been a middle class institution. New World zoos provided the opportunity for a diverse population to enjoy a balance of amusement and learning. Patrons of all classes were invited to engage in education and amusement along side of recreation, not experienced in everyday
In Savages and Beasts: Chapter 3, Nigel Rothfels describes the modern cageless zoo as resulting from animal entrepreneur Carl Hagenbeck as well as the purpose’s behind Hagenbeck’s popularity. Hagenbeck’s creation of “people shows” are described as appearing to resemble the natural environments of its inhabitants. The author describes Hagenbeck’s capturing and transporting of exotic animals along with the economic struggles that came with the growing success of an overproduction of animals and deflating prices. In response, circuses, or “people shows” came about; consisting of people whose life styles were different from their audience as well as animals, tents and household and hunting equipment. Hagenbeck’s circus exhibits were described
The first modern zoo to be founded was in Vienna, Madrid and Paris in the eighteenth century and later on in London and Berlin in the nineteenth century. The first zoo to be established in America was in Philadelphia and Cincinnati in the 1870s. In today’s America there are thousands of zoos. Humans like to be entertained regardless of how they are being entertained, whether that is walking through the park, watching a show, listening to music or simply going to the zoo. There are truth behind zoos that many don’t see, for example, many zoos don’t show the death rates that many zoo animals have after being transported from their natural habitants or the experiences that the zoo keepers provide to the animals being kept in captivity. To what extent are we okay with animals being tortured or being aware that animals are being killed just so humans can be entertained? While there are benefits to keeping animals in captivity, scholars agree that there are more negative effects that are damaging to the animals. The purpose of zoos can be more than just keeping animals in captivity and creating significant health or mental problems, zoos also can have a positive outcome, zoos can help keep endangered animals safe from others who are trying to kill them for what they are worth. Jamieson explains and gives one example of when people started putting animals in captivity. The Romans is the example that Jamieson uses, the Romans “kept animals in order to have living fodder for games.” Jamieson continued to explain how over the years the use of animals historically grew in popularity and how the idea continued to “thrive until at least the eight century.” Jamieson also mentioned that keeping a large amount of animals showed who had power.
The human zoo involved patients being on display with people from the public coming to watch as patients hurt themselves and put a show on for other people. If the public liked the way they would act the may throw food to them or just laugh. If the patients didn’t put on a show by hurting themselves or acting crazy the public were allowed to poke the patients with sticks.
Animals play an important role of human life. Wild animal is a kind that normally lives in the wild, for example: elephants, tigers, rhinos and many others. They live in the wild with spacious and natural environment, however many humans kept them in the zoo, as an attraction for the sake of the money. They didn’t think of the wild animals habitat, and there are some problems arise from keeping them in cages. The shock of being in captivity would depress the animals; they would even act hysterically and might hurt people near them. And it is not the animal to be fault. There are three main reasons why wild animals should not be kept in the zoos:
Since approximately 1250 B.C., ancient Egyptians had created and practiced the capture and display of animals in what are now known as zoos (Fravel). Records describe such exotic animals as birds, lions, giraffes, and tigers in captivity (Fravel). Since then, zoos have continued to entertain millions with the exciting chance to view exotic animals up close and personal. Even in ancient Greece, exotic animals were on display in fighting arenas, and in enclosed viewing areas. Originally in America, zoos were just created so that royalty and the wealthy could flaunt their exotic animals to the public (Leolupus). Today, with species threatened and habitats disappearing worldwide, zoos are serving a new purpose other than the mere exhibition of
The sun was shining, the sky was spotted with clouds, and the wind was whistling as it passed through the trees. Overall, it was the perfect day to visit the zoo. Smiling, happy children bounded beside me as I walked underneath the large, blue and yellow sign announcing “The Colorado Zoo.” As I walked onto the sidewalk, I looked out over the “habitats.” The big, colorful signs advertising the exotic animals “brought from all over the world!” Animals that were taken from their home, taken from their habitats, and taken to a world where they are put on display. Animals who are forced to live out their lives in zoos in unhealthy, degrading, and devastating ways.
The main aim of zoos is to protect and conserve global biodiversity and wildlife. To do this they have four roles to play which are; research, conservation, education and welfare.