Observation-is a great fundamental assessment that will allow us to gain information about general strengths and weaknesses of this learner.
Robert M. is one of the 10 gifted and talented students in this particular 4th grade class (Data resource – acceptance to gifted and talented program letter, personal file). Observation of Robert’s skills during the class work time (data resource – personal notes):
- High performance capabilities in the ELA, Math, Science, and Social Studies areas;
- Intellectual capabilities are beyond the average level of students in the 4th grade;
- High level of performance in the areas that require critical thinking and problem solving;
- Problem solving solutions are usually presented in the unusual, creative
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2. Pair-share writing assignment, where another student would have a set of really good penmanship skills.
3. Include 1-2 minute stretch break for everybody every 30 to 45 minutes and ask him to wait for the next stretch brake, so we can do it together, but until then encourage him to focus on the class discussion or activity.
Random comments will disappear once a certain amount of focus is present. Fountas and Pinnell reading assessment will inform us about Robert’s reading abilities, his comprehension of the text, fluency and vocabulary.
According to Fountas and Pinnell reading level system, Robert’s reading level is “W” (Data source – Fountas and Pinnell reading assessment). Just for comparison purposes, the average reading level in this 4th grade class is “Q”. Robert scored 3 out of 3 on the comprehension evaluation and only 2 out of 3 on fluency, which means that his reading fluency is in need of some improvement.
His fluency score was affected by faster than normal reading speed and that, in turn, was followed by careless reading mistakes and loss of expression through obvious disregard of the punctuation. Robert’s overconfidence that he knows the material, and no text is difficult enough for him is also making him feel as he needs to read the text faster.
Following strategies will help Robert to improve his reading fluency:
1. To encourage Robert to slow down and read with expression during the
I am very close friends with Shannon’s mom having worked with her previously. She described her daughter as an avid reader and stated that she does well in English in school. Shannon described some of the texts she had read and we had a brief discussion about our favorite book series before administering the test. Shannon was rather quiet during the testing waiting for my cues before responding or expounding on anything. Overall she did very well on the 9th grade informal reading assessment. Her reading accuracy was very high, with only miscues on unfamiliar names like “Trotula di Ruggerio” and “Salerno” which she was able to sound out. She had some challenges with the inference based questions, such as “Why would people be likely to regard ‘wise woman teacher’ as a good name for Trotula?”. Shannon was in the ballpark for this answer although her response could have been more concise.
The baseline data was established using the Fountas & Pinnell Benchmark Assessment System (BAS). This test assesses reading comprehension through the process of students reading a text at the appropriate instructional reading level and answering comprehension questions. This assessment tool measures students' ability for accuracy, self correction, fluency, comprehension, and writing. An overall level score is given through a letter identification, A-Z. For the baseline data purpose the letters A-Z were numbered off 1-26 to give the students' scores an adequate numerical score. The assessment determines whether students exceed expectations, meet expectations, approaches expectations, or does not meet expectation. A third-grade student at the
This study followed three procedures: (1) the Burke Reading Interview (BRI) (Burke, 1987), (2) a Reading Miscue Inventory (RMI) (Goodman, 1973b), and (3) a Retrospective Miscue Analysis (RMA) (Goodman, Y. & Marek, 1996). In the forthcoming sections, I will explain in detail the protocols required for each of these procedures.
The San Diego quick assessment was originally devised by Margaret La pray and Ramon Ross and published in the “Journal of Reading” in 1969, as a quick way to gauge a student’s readability. Words were selected for 13-grade level, Pre-Primer through 11th grade by drawing words randomly from basal reader glossaries. (Blackley) Words were also drawn from the glossaries of basic readers and from 1931 “Teacher’s Word Book of 20,000 Words by E.L. Thorndike.
Addison read a narrative and an expository passage at Level P, “Plenty of Pets” a narrative passage and then an expository passage, “Animal Instincts”. Addison read both passages with 96% and 99% accuracy respectively. She scored satisfactory on both passages. When reading Level Q, she read a nonfiction passage, “Not Too Cold for a Polar Bear” with 97% accuracy and excellent comprehension. At Level R, she read with 95% accuracy and satisfactory for comprehension, although it is deliberate and arduous. However, when Addison read a narrative and expository text Level S, “Could Be Worse” and “Amazing Animal Adaptations”, reading both passages below 95% accuracy. When considering a fluency score, Addison primarily reads in three and four word groups, however it is not smooth and lacks expression with a slow rate most of the time. Aimweb progress monitoring data were considered to determine Addison’s correct word per minutes. According to the data, Addison’s word recognition skills significantly impacts her ability to read fluently, thus causing frustration. She is currently being progressed monitored at a third grade level, indicating she falls near the thirty third percentile when compared to third grade students nationally, reading a median of 109 correct words per minute.
Reading Fluency Composite: This portion of the test had three sections. In one section, she read actual words as quickly as possible. Next, she read made up words as quickly as possible. Finally, Lisa needed to read the sentence and answer if it was correct or incorrect. Lisa scored below average on each of these tests, which shows she has difficulty in reading quickly, which will result in having difficulty keeping up in the classroom due to the amount and speed of reading that is expected.
Anderson first year of teaching she should understand that students regardless if they have any disabilities or diagnosed are filled with an array of personalities and Howard is no expectation from his peers. It’s vital that she start and end every day with commendation for all students. Ms. Anderson needs to provide a period for customary meeting with the Howard to strengthen and survey behavioral and scholastic advancement. When, she starts to build solid routines for checking advance, for example, conduct outlines or charts that portray progress moving in the direction of an objective. It will provide open doors for Howard to share or illustrate their uncommon aptitudes to cohorts. Communicate is key with any educator so Ms. Anderson should consider to phrase composed remarks in a positive way by starting off simply by giving students basic errands and progress to the more perplexing (North Branford Schools, 2004). Avoid approaching the any student when they seem heedless. Utilization of favored interests, which are every now and again turned, as reinforces for proper conduct and evacuation of reinforces for wrong conduct. Students have their own one of kind hobbies and as educators we can utilize this further bolstering our good fortune as methods for fortification (Hudec, 2015). On the off chance that there is a computer in the classroom that is specifically noteworthy to a kid showing ADHD practices, computer time can be utilized as fortification
To initiate the grade word list portion of the reading inventory, Jerry Johns, Basic Reading Inventory, form A was utilized. Since Lauren is in fourth grade, the second grade list was identified as the starting point for her assessment. Impacted by her avoidance of reading, her frustration level was identified at the fifth grade level.
Addison read a narrative and an expository passage at Level P, “Plenty of Pets” a narrative passage and then an expository passage, “Animal Instincts”. Addison read both passages with 96% and 99% accuracy respectively. She scored satisfactory on both passages. When reading Level Q, she read a nonfiction passage, “Not Too Cold for a Polar Bear” with 97% accuracy and excellent comprehension. At Level R, she read with 95% accuracy and satisfactory for comprehension, although it is deliberate and arduous. However, when Addison read a narrative and expository text Level S, “Could Be Worse” and “Amazing Animal Adaptations”, reading both passages below 95% accuracy. When considering a fluency score, Addison primarily reads in three and four word groups, however it is not smooth and lacks expression with a slow rate most of the time. Aimweb progress
Sebastian was provided with 4th, 5th, and 6th grade. In the 4th grade passage Sebastian read the passage in 1 minute and did not miss words, placing him at an independent level for reading, comprehension, and retelling of the passage. In the 5th grade passage, Sebastian missed two words, he reversed the word “everyone” with “everytime” and the word “with” with “what.” This placed him at independent reading, comprehension and retelling of the passage level in reading. Lastly, in the 6th grade reading passage, Sebastian substituted 4 words and did not read the suffix of -ed for 1 word. Sebastian read “colossal” as “caleal,” “Eldwood’s’ as “Edward’s,” “felt” as “fell,” and “clothing” as “learning.” The word that Sebastian omitted the -ed from was “riled” instead he read it as “rile.” The errors indicated that Sebastian was at an instructional level in reading. In the comprehension questions, he missed 1 question which placed him at an independent reading level. As for retelling the passage, he was also placed at an independent level.
Reading fluency is considered an integral component of the reading process and it has a big presence in the classroom. Its importance became evident since the National Reading Panel (2000) pronounced fluency instruction and assessment an essential and was thus incorporated into the reading First guidelines of No Child Left Behind in 2002 (Shelton, Altwerger, &Jordan, 2009). Reading fluency has been defined in many ways; an outcome of decoding and comprehension, a contributor to both decoding and comprehension, the ability to recognize words rapidly and accurately, the connections
Andrew “Andy” J. Stoneridge is a 3rd grade student attending Michael Valley Elementary School in Pasadena, Maryland. His homeroom teacher’s name is Ms. Julie King and in her room, are approximately 28 students. Ms. King is a general education teacher teaching the subjects reading, writing, and social studies. Andy’s other core teacher, Mr. Baker, teaches Andy math, science, and health. Mr. Baker is also a general education teacher. In each of these rooms, there are two teacher’s aides and one classroom tutor.
Gemelli’s current Lexile score is 272L. She is able to read and comprehend text at the first-grade level with excellent accuracy. Her most recent reading test (using read theory) placed her at the 1.8 grade level (first grade, eight month). Gemelli’s frustration level in reading is currently at the second-grade reading level. At her ability level Gemelli is currently able to answer reading comprehension with 75% accuracy.
My practicum took place on September 7,2016 from nine thirty to ten thirty. The practicum took place at Impact Early College High School in Baytown. The class I observed was Ms. Nguyen’s class of juniors and seniors that contained twenty students, seven boys and thirteen girls. The class appeared to be alert and ready to learn. Since this was their second period class they already had enough time to shake off their fatigue. The subject was Pre-Calculous and the topic was operations of functions. Students entered the classroom in a calm manner and socialized until it was time to start class. The teacher instructed the students to take their seats and take five minutes to write their assignments into their academic calendar. The teacher went
The failure of students being able to read and comprehend what they are reading is a great concern for most schools. When students enter the fifth grade and are not on grade level, they are already behind their classmates. Teachers are then responsible for remediating the students to get them on grade level. Unfortunately, these same students are unable to keep up with on grade level standards teachers are required to teach, because they lack the skills needed. These students will continue to struggle throughout their education because they will not be able to catch up to their grade level. Many educators have realized there is a gap between fluency and comprehension. Because of this realization, special instruction such as guided reading and remedial teaching has been implemented.