A Harsh Awakening for the Unconverted
Fear is one of the most powerful motivators in the world. As humans we will say anything cruel in order to get what we want by instilling fear in others. In the sermon, “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,” Jonathan Edwards displays an array of suffocating metaphors, exaggerated repetition, and a harsh emotional appeal, in order to awake the unconverted and strive to save them from their “sudden, unexpected destruction”(1).
Exaggerated repetition, such as Edward’s recurring statements on the “wrath of God,” instills fear into the souls of the congregation and was used to scare them into belief. In his sermon Edward says, “ ‘Tis a great furnace of wrath, a wide and bottomless pit, full of the fire of wrath, that you are held over in the hand of that God whose wrath is provoked and incensed as much against you as against many of the damned in hell”(8). Edwards’ wish was for the crowd to come to the realization that even though
…show more content…
If his sermon had lacked an emotional connection with the congregation, his sermon would be all for not. Thus, the audience would have no emotional reaction and would not feel the need to change their way of life for the better. The whole of Edwards’ sermon was made to create an emotional reaction within the lives of the crowd. His words pulled at the hearts of the congregation and simulated a strong fear from within. In his sermon Edwards says to the crowd, “The arrows of death fly unseen at noonday; the sharpest sight can’t discern them” (4). Edwards brings fear to the souls in the audience by communicating phrases of uncertainty. His purpose was to create anxiety and uneasiness in the hearts of the congregation in order for them to seek God and rely on him for
In the sermon, “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”, Edwards displays controversial viewpoints and ideas concerning heaven and hell. As Edwards speaks to the congregation he warns them of the misery and suffering they will face if they do not repent of certain sins. He also describes God as angry which probably struck fear into the hearts on many. To illustrate his own point that hell is unenviable without repentance Jonathan Edwards creates the idea of an angry God using intense similes, a harsh tone, and strong emotional appeal in “Sinners in the hand of an Angry God”.
Jonathan Edwards, a famous preacher in pre-colonial times, composed a sermon that was driven to alert and inject neo Puritanical fear into an eighteenth century congregation. This Bible based and serious audience sought after religious instruction and enlightenment. Through the sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," Edwards offers a very harsh interpretation to humankind. Edwards utilizes various rhetorical techniques to evoke an emotional response in his audience and to persuade the members of his congregation that their wicked actions will awaken a very ruthless and merciless God.
Jonathan Edwards Sermon “ Sinners in the Hands of an angry god” contributed into the Great Awakening, showing that Hell was real, and whoever defied god was put down. Edwards used dark imagery to get his our heads, the meaning that everyone is predestined and anyone can be sent to hell. Edwards says in his sermon that “ God's enemies are easily broken into pieces, they are a heap of light chaff before the whirlwind”(2). Edwards hoped that the imagery and language of his sermon would awaken audiences to the horrific reality that he believed awaited them, should they continue life without their devotion to Christ? This made many people horrified and help start the great Awakening, making Christians more aware of the power of Christ, and increase their devotion to Christ.
Jonathan Edwards's sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" is moving and powerful. His effectiveness as an eighteenth century New England religious leader is rooted in his expansive knowledge of the Bible and human nature, as well as a genuine desire to "awaken" and save as many souls as possible. This sermon, delivered in 1741, exhibits Edwards's skillful use of these tools to persuade his congregation to join him in his Christian beliefs.
Jonathan Edwards, a negative and realistic man, focused on how God is a judgemental god and sinners will be put to a painful death, they should be fearful. He says in the first few lines of his speech, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, “So that, thus it is that natural men are held in the hand of God, over the pit of hell; they have deserved the fiery pit.” (Edwards, Pg. 23) Edwards implies that everyone deserves to be in hell and he goes on to say that God is an angry God and that no one had done anything to try to ease His anger. Edwards also played a large role in the Great Awakening. He wanted people to experience Christianity in an intense and emotional way. In his speech, he said, “O sinner! Consider the fearful danger you are in: It is a great furnace of wrath, a wide and bottomless pit, full of the fire of wrath, that you are held over in the hand of that God, whose wrath is provoked and incensed as much against you, as against many of the damned in hell.” (Edwards, Pg. 26) Edward’s speech was opportunity knocking at everyone’s doors. He influenced people to want to be saved in a way that made many fearful of what could happen to them if they weren’t saved or a child of God. Edwards believed that God set the world in motion, but was not active in everyone’s life. Edwards believed that God created the world and
In Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, Jonathan Edwards delivers a powerful sermon to his congregation about the horrors of hell. Throughout the piece, the author explains there is no escape from “eternal destruction,” and one must join God to reach salvation (para. 27). Edwards uses dark, gruesome imagery along with gloomy diction in order to instill fear into the audience, and persuade them to more devoutly worship God.
Edwards use of repetition and diction to build up the concept that God is an angry one by mentioning, “Yea, God is a great deal more angry with great numbers that are now on earth: yea, doubtless, with many that are now in this congregation”. By choosing to repeat the word “yea” in the beginning of his statements, he is able to assure the audience that his perspective is right, which in turn influences them as his assertive tone establishes himself as a more credible character as he seems confident in his statements. Furthermore, the ambiguity when mentioning the sinners on earth, allows the audience to believe that they are not part of these statistics, in which he uses to make the people vulnerable as he references those in the sermon to be some of the many God is angry with. As a result of juxtaposing a much larger world to the people in the gathering, this enforces an idea that nobody is safe as even in their close proximity there are many who have earned God’s wrath. His use of repetition is also seen as he introduces “that eternal and immutable rule of righteousness that God has fixed between
Edwards’s uses strong, powerful diction to clearly get his across to the spectators. Jonathan Edwards repetitively uses the word “omnipotent” to visibly tell his audience how powerful God is. Along with that, he repetitively uses the phrase “God’s wrath” along with words such as “fury, despair and destruction”. Edwards actually describes God’s wrath by commonly using words as dreadful, glowing, wickedness, black and vengeance. By the usage of these words and phrases, Edwards indicates that God is angered and furious of our actions. However to point out God’s generosity, Jonathan Edwards commonly uses the word “mercy”. By using the word “mercy”, Edwards indicates that since God made his worshipers, he is giving them an opportunity to repent and amend their ways or destruction is unpreventable. Mr. Edwards also uses words as “mourn, howl, hopeless and sober,” to specify the listeners reactions upon hearing Edwards’s sermon. Edwards use of influential words leave the spectators mourning and groaning in great despair. Edwards employs all these words through the emotional appeal of ethos. This is what causes a great impact upon the listeners at the church.
In the 1730's there were people breaking away from the church and abandoning the Christian lifestyle. Church leaders were aware of this problem and decided to turn to the young Jonathan Edwards to recapture the hearts and minds of those who have left the church. In his most famous sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God", Edwards uses a variety of techniques to frighten his congregation to return to Christ. One technique that stood out from the others was imagery. Four of the most powerful images that he uses was the hanging by a thread, being overwhelmed by water, an arrow ready to destroy, and the fiery pit.
Edwards' creative choice of words that he uses describes the power of God and the terrible Hell awaiting sinners. These words easily infiltrate into the minds of his congregation and frighten them beyond belief. These choices of words and his use of such vivid images are mostly successful in their intent, to scare and put fear into his audience. Edwards held his audience locked up with his promises of eternal damnation if proper steps were not taken. The congregation felt the intense impact of his rhetorical strategies and lived on the fear of the power of God. In this way, he was able to keep his followers from sin and away from the fiery pits of Hell.
The tone throughout the sermon indicates that Edwards is extremely angry toward the congregation, who is in turn very fearful of Edwards and the idea he is preaching. This fear is developed from Edwards tactics of repetition used in his sermon. As listeners hear the same information over and over again that information begins to sink into their minds subconsciously.
Both Edwards and Henry were very effective on influencing and persuading their listeners with the approaches they used. Because their audiences and purposes were different, they had to use the types of approaches they did to have the most effect. Edwards can’t ask rhetorical questions in his sermon to get people to see the wrong that they are committing, and Henry can’t force his ideas on people in a political environment with scaring them. In conclusion, Edwards’s and Henry’s orations had some similarities, but were very
Edwards uses pathos many times during his sermon when he appeals to his audience’s fear; although, he uses a variety of logos throughout his sermon
Jonathan in his sermon, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (July 8, 1741), claims that the unconverted are hanging from the hands of God, and can be dropped off to the eternity of hell, his sermon is used to make the sinners be afraid and understand how the power of God is saving them, but it is only for his pleasure, unless if they return to Christianity. Edwards strengths his argument by using metaphors and imagery of a wrathful God to make the unconverted people afraid of being sinners and encourage them to have a relationship with Christ to be fully saved from falling to an eternity in the flames of hell. Edwards purpose is to start his sermon with such powerful use of visualization to provide fear to the sinners and give them a
God is not one to be loved, but to be feared and that all people are sinners is the point that Jonathan Edwards was trying to get across when he delivered his near six hour sermon to the terrified Puritan society. The use of vivid imagery and describing God as not an all loving and caring being, but one with a great wrath, he was able to scare his worshipers into believing in God. Likewise, the sketch illustrates the main concerns and issues that Edwards was trying to get across in his sermon. Before Edwards even began his sermon, he had already established ethos. He was a well-respected minister of his city.