P2 – Explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual
Genetics affect who you will grow to be in many ways. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the language of life that is within every living thing, genetic instructions that form what we will become. There is still much of the language that scientists don’t understand, but after extensive research scientists have found that certain gene codes actually relate to increased chances of developing a cancer or disease. We only have to look at family medical histories to know that is true, some diseases are clearly more common in families than in unrelated people. But whether a genetic predisposition actually makes a person ill depends on the
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[2] The study cannot say what impact the slower development has, or if it affects the chances of successfully giving birth to a child but slow development can be related to various different health problems when the foetus is born and also developing them in later life.
Mothers who drink alcohol also put their child at risk of developing slowly. Recent research suggests that a mother who drinks a large glass of wine a day stunts their child’s growth up to the age of nine. ‘Scientists at Harvard Medical School found pregnant women who had three units of alcohol a day had babies with a lower height, weight and head circumference than light or non-drinkers.’ [3] http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2188846/Women-drink-pregnancy-affect-child-s-growth-years.html
The researchers tested a group of 85 pregnant women, defined as ‘heavy drinkers’, who drank the equivalent of at least a large glass of wine a day (250ml). This group was compared with a group of 63 women who either did not drink at all or drank ‘lightly’ – defined as less than one unit a day. The study is one of the longest-running into the effects of alcohol on the unborn child, their children’s height, weight and head circumference was measured at the ages of six months, a year, five years and nine years. Lead author Dr Robert Carter said: 'We found that children born to women who drank heavily during pregnancy had reductions in
Each and every child develops at a different rate to other children, no two are the same.
Warnings and dangers of alcohol abuse have been recognized since biblical times. “Behold, thou shalt conceive and bear a son: and now drink no wine or strong drinks” (Holy Bible, Judges 13:7, 1970, p.261). There was even mention from Aristotle who noted “that foolish, drunken and harebrained women most often bring forth children like unto themselves, morose and languid.” (Buxton, 2004, p.42). Alcohol abuse is not easily recognized by a mother or easily identified at birth. Some mothers continue to drink because they are unaware they have actually conceived a child. It is important that once pregnancy is
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a concise, uniform definition for conditions caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. FASD is a broad term used to describe the range of effects that can occur in an individual whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy (Caley, Kramer, & Robinson, 2005). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder can also cause growth retardation, birth defectscomma and deficits in cognitive, languagecomma and motor development (Coles et al., 2015). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is a teratogenic effect, which is caused by daily, chronic, heavy and frequent alcohol use while in utero. Chances of an infant diagnosed with FASD are 0.5 to 3 in 1,000 live births (Cone-Wesson, 2005). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder has many different diagnoses. There is fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial fetal alcohol syndrome (PFAS)comma and alcohol-related neuro-developmental disorder (ARND)comma all under the fetal alcohol spectrum disorder umbrella (Brown et al., 2015). Maternal alcohol use is correlated to the timing, frequencycomma and quantity of the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy. Drinking during the first trimester may not be as detrimental as drinking during the second or third trimester. The frequency of alcohol consumed is also a key factor in FASD, such as how often per day drinks are consumed, the quantity of alcohol consumed, and how many glasses or cans per day the mother consumes
This paper explores the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on motor development. With this topic, came many questions. They are: Is every child effected the same amount, or does it depends on how much the mother drank and how much the fetus was exposed to?, Is there anything the mother can do to reverse the effects of exposure, or perhaps lessen the damage on the child?, Is there a safe amount of alcohol that can be consumed without harm?, And lastly, do the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure ever go away? Coles et al. (2015) and Lucas et al. (2016) suggest answers and evidence to these questions. This paper explains what happens when a fetus is exposed to alcohol, and how it
As a result of pregnant women drinking, there have been a profuse amount of children born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Armstrong and Abel confirm that it wasn’t until 1973
National surveys show that about six out of every ten women of child-bearing age 18-44 years old use alcohol, and slightly less than one-third of women who drink alcohol in this age group binge drink. Excessive exposure to alcohol during pregnancy can inflict serious, permanent physical and mental damage on her child like Fetal Alcohol Spectrum disorders (FASDS), Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), miscarriage, and premature birth. Although men are more likely to drink alcohol, and drink in larger amounts, gender differences in body structure and chemistry cause women to absorb more alcohol, and take longer to break it down and remove it from their bodies. Upon drinking equal amounts, women have higher alcohol levels in their blood than men, and
* P1 Explain the principal psychological perspectives applied to the understanding of the development of individuals
Attention-Getting Statement – Does anyone want to take a guess at what the nations leading preventable cause of developmental disabilities and birth defects?! Consuming alcohol during pregnancy
The fetus is not the only one harmed by alcohol consumption during pregnancy, but the mother is as well. In fact, many doctors urge women who think they are pregnant or are trying to get pregnant to stop drinking (“Fetal Alcohol”). “One percent of all mothers consume fourteen or more drinks per week during the three months before pregnancy” (Walsh 3). To the average person one percent is not too large of a proportion. However, the volume of alcohol consumed is high during
Alcohol, even at small portions, have a great effect on an infant. Toddlers become uncontrollable and hostile towards parents due to the consumption of liquor. In particular, mothers who drank while pregnant have increased the risk of having a daughter who has a mental illness. Drinking during pregnancy causes impairment to vital organs and causes permanent health problems to the soon to be born
Among factors to consider, alcohol consumption is frequently associated with drug abuse, smoking, and malnutrition. All of these factors can cause serious harm to the developing embryo of a child. It is difficult for researchers to decide which effects are caused by alcohol alone.
Based on the data of Samuels and other medical researchers, it becomes clear that less than 0.1% of all birth defects are related to alcohol, and that more than 90% of the affected children are born to women with a history of alcohol
Drinking can also cause the baby to be born with certain features that are different from a non-alcoholic pregnant woman such as being skinny and the head size being smaller than
Consuming alcohol during pregnancy results in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). The spectrum of FAS ranges from barely detectable to severe functional and cognitive birth defects. In the United States approximately 9.1 out of 1,000 live births exhibit some degree of FAS spectrum. Although excessive consumption of alcohol is considered a human teratogen the biochemical mechanism and the developmental
Genetics is a true indicator of your biological make-up. Genes are not the only aspect in the biological force and is closely associated with lifestyle factors such as health. What you eat and how active you are can determine specific ways in which you grow emotionally and physically. These biological forces helps to maintain conditions which are essential in order for us to survive, as well as necessities that are being provided. Consider the variation between each human and the rate at which we develop. For example, a young boy with a slower growth rate than his peers may have a delayed rate at which his body is producing testosterone. The amount of testosterone he produces has a direct influence on when the young boy will experience puberty. Even after puberty, your body will continually develop. Many biological forces either have positive or negative outcomes on your body physically. If an individual rarely exercises and