2.3 Related Study
Personalization strategies that consider implicit feedback may be classified into two main categories: document-based and concept-based. Document-based strategies consider discovering user document preferences from the clickthrough information, to find out a ranking operator that optimizes the user’s browsing and clicking preferences on the retrieved documents. Joachims [2002] initially proposed extracting user clicking preferences from the clickthrough information by assuming that a user would scan the search result list from top to bottom. the click preferences are then utilized by a ranking SVM algorithmic rule [Joachims 2002] to find out a ranker that most closely fits the user’s preferences. Tan et al. [2004]
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Li, Kitsuregawa [2007] also proposed a similar adaptive approach based on user behaviors. Instead of using ODP as the taxonomy, Google Directory3 is used as the predefined taxonomy to construct user profiles.
In Li et al. [2007], independent models for long-term and short-term user preferences are proposed to compose the user profiles. The long-term preferences are captured by using Google Directory, while the short-term preferences are determined from the user’s document preferences (the most frequently browsed documents).
More recently, Xu et al. [2007] proposed naturally separating client intrigued subjects from the client 's close to home archives (e.g. skimming histories and messages). The extricated points are then sorted out into a progressive client profile (just called HUP in consequent dialog), which is to rank the indexed lists as per the client 's topical needs.
Chuang and Chien [2004] proposed to cluster and organize users’ queries into a hierarchical structure of topic classes. A Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HAC) [25] algorithm is first employed to construct a binary-tree cluster hierarchy. The binary-tree hierarchy is then partitioned in order to create subhierarchies forming a multiway-tree cluster hierarchy like the hierarchical organization of Yahoo [6] and DMOZ [3].
Baeza-Yates et al. [2003] proposed a query clustering method that groups similar queries according to their semantics. The method creates a vector representation Q for a query q,
Final system suggests the predicted matches based on first hits stream data; this has been achieved by two step similarity functions, which built and developed similar incidents in web platform using Lucene and Clustering libraries. The K-means clustering and logistic regression methods has been trained to be used real-time to evaluate final safety scores categorized by labels, and provided label matching in particular safety concept group(s).
The Internet?s leading advertising company, DoubleClick, Inc. compiled thorough information on the browsing routine of millions of users. They
However, targeted advertising has raised new questions on privacy since it must collect user’s information in order to publish advertisement. When a consumer visits a website, every page they view, the time spent on each page, the new pages they click on and how they interact with the server, allow browsers to collect that data. Analyzing from the technology used in behavioral targeting advertising, web browsing history will be tracked and sent to web server. In order to best select advertisements to display, data mining and machine learning theory will be implemented for analyzing users’ behavior (Korolova 2010).
Collaborative recommendation approaches take a matrix of given user-item ratings as the only inputs and produces the prediction of a new item and a list of 'N' recommended items. However, the top 'N' list does not contain the items that the current user has already bought. The algorithms for collaborative filtering can be grouped into two general classes: memory based and model based.
Collaborative filtering: The simplest and original implementation of this approach recommends to the active user the items that other users with similar tastes liked in the past. The similarity in taste of two users is calculated based on the similarity in the rating history of the users. This is the reason why collaborative filtering is often referred as “people-to-people correlation.” Collaborative filtering is considered to be the most popular and widely implemented technique in Recommendation systems. An item-item approach models the preference of a user to an item based on ratings of similar items by the same user. Nearest-neighbors methods enjoy considerable popularity due to their simplicity, efficiency, and their ability to produce accurate and personalized recommendations.
Nevertheless, it has obtained gigantic awareness best in the up to date years [41-58, 60-64]. Targeted crawlers avoid the crawling method on a certain set of issues that characterize a narrow area of the online. A focused or a topical internet crawler makes an attempt to download websites critical to a suite of pre-outlined subject matters. Hyperlink context varieties and most important part of web headquartered understanding retrieval assignment. Topical crawlers follow the hyperlinked constitution of the online making use of the supply of understanding to direct themselves towards topically relevant pages. For deriving the proper expertise, they mine the contents of pages which are already fetched to prioritize the fetching of unvisited pages. Topical crawlers depend especially on contextual understanding. This is considering that topical crawlers need to predict the advantage of downloading unvisited pages based on the understanding derived from pages that have been downloaded. One of the vital fashioned predictors is the anchor textual content of the hyperlinks [59]. The area targeted search engines like google and yahoo use these targeted crawlers to download selected
The method employs data mining techniques such as a frequent pattern and reference mining found from (Holland et al., 2003; KieBling & Kostler, 2002) and (Ivancy & Vajk, 2006). Frequent and reference mining is a heavily research area in data mining with wide range applications for discovering a pattern from Web log data to obtain information about navigational behavior of
Various techniques have been used in content-based models. Such systems try to find regularities in the descriptions that can be used to distinguish highly rated items from others [97]. Content-based approaches are based on objective information about the items. This information is automatically extracted from various sources (e.g., Web pages) or manually introduced (e.g., product database). However, selecting one item or another is based mostly on subjective attributes of the item (e.g., a well-written document or a product with a spicy taste). Therefore, these attributes, which better influence the user’s choice, are not taken into account. In the rest of this section, we discuss three technique of content-based filtering technique including keyword-based models, semantic techniques, and probabilistic models. The first systematic evaluation of the impact of applying perturbation-based privacy technologies on the usability of content-based recommendation systems proposed by Puglisi, S., et al. (2015) [98]. The primary goal of their work is to investigate the effects of tag forgery to the content-based recommendation in a real-world application scenario, studying the interplay between the degree of privacy and the potential degradation of the quality of the recommendation. In other paper, Rana, C. and S.K. Jain [23] have developed a book recommendation system that is based on content-based recommendation technique and takes into account the choices of not an
This paper should be of interest to the reader because most people use at least one Google product on a daily basis, probably more. When you sign up for Google products, you are pretty much agreeing to give your personal information to Google. This paper is about
To predict which recommendation is most likely to be clicked, we started off by looking into the dataset for this challenge. After going through the dataset we discussed how we would go about reading the page views log, which is 100GB uncompressed. The data size is huge to work on one’s laptop. The model that we plan to build will be trained on a subset of the data locally, inclusive of all the features. Then we had planned to use IU supercomputers to train the model on all the data.
Context is an essential part of any system that tries to understand user behaviour or monitor user interaction. Monitoring usage context is a vital component in our re- search as well as it provides us with the insight and the understanding of the user’s condition when he performed an certain activity.
Over specialization: Content-based recommenders have no inherent method for finding something unexpected. The system suggests items whose scores are high when matched against the user pro le, hence the user is going to be recommended items only similar to those already rated. This drawback is also called serendipity problem to highlight the tendency of the content-based systems to produce recommendations with a limited degree of novelty [4].
Indeed, the privacy concern is one of the main barriers is how to attain personalized search though preserving users privacy and deploying serious personalized search applica-tions. Hence we propose a client side profile-based personalization which deals with the preserving privacy and envision possible fu-ture strategies to fully protect user privacy. For
The final solution would include multiple features as discussed before. Each user segment will have its own personalized database where information can be retrieved, data can be collected, and everyone’s satisfaction is met.
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