Say you just got caught doing something illegal but the police don’t have evidence of your crime. Would you stay silent and spend a year in jail or confess and spend five years? Normally, this is an easy task but when there’s an accomplice involved the game changes. The lack of communication as well as the question of trust are factors that make choosing to stay silent or confess, difficult. In this paper, I will explain the prisoner’s dilemma and why staying silent is the best option that is beneficial to both the prisoner’s even though they are attempting to earn the least amount of time each.
The prisoner’s dilemma is a game theory in which two men are caught drug running and are imprisoned in different cells unable to communicate. They each have their own lawyer and both are confronted with the choices to stay silent or to confess. They are told that if they both choose to stay silent, then they will each serve one year with a lesser offense of possessing dangerous weapons due to no evidence of the major crime. If one confesses and the other stays silent then the one that confesses will be freed for turning in evidence and the other will be imprisoned for 10 years as well as be charged for the major crime. If they both confess, they will both serve 5 years. They both want to serve the least amount of time for their crime and are both rational. There is no opportunity to change the decision after it has been made and neither of them knows what decision the other will make. This dilemma is a type of dominance principle, where the best plan will gain the prisoner a larger benefit or payoff than the other strategies with the least amount of risk. In this case, the payoff would be the time spent in prison; the less time in prison, the larger the payoff is.
With this theory, the most, rational decision would be to stay silent. This is the best decision because both prisoners are equally rational and want to spend the least time in prison. They will, therefore, deduce that staying silent will be the best rational decision since they will both be in prison for only one year as well as be charged for the lesser crime of possessing dangerous weapons. If they both choose to confess, they will be both worse off
The accused have no choice; they either have to lie and confess to the crime or tell the truth and
Elliot Ness was one of the most popular prohibition agents now called (ATF) ever. He was responsible for bring down Al Capone with his team of Untouchables. He had an outstanding career in Chicago and just about eliminated all major crime there. With such a remarkable record he was recruited to help clean up the street of Cleveland Ohio he did do some great things but was not able to have the same success as he did in Chicago eventually his highlighted career diminished. The question comes to mind did he evaluate the crime just as he did in Chicago. Crime is not a single action and there are many different kinds of crime and different levels. Back when Ness was just starting out as an agent crime was somewhat basic and consolidated which
This taught me that in some circumstances, using force with some people might bring truth. However, it does not hurt to use the correct ways and respect people’s rights to obtain the truth and bring justice since respecting people’s rights will bring a consensus without hurting feelings and wasting a lot of time. Forcing people to confess will not always bring the correct results. One may confess out of fear. I have learned that respecting people’s rights despite what wrong they have committed is essential to ensure everyone is content with a decision made. Even if the decision is right, without respecting people’s rights, not everyone will be
Warning! A runaway robber has just been caught in the middle of the highway. Policemen are investigating the case and considering if they should punish the criminal or let him go. How will prison affect the person? Will he benefit from time in prison or will it only make him worse? The theme of justice and punishment is explored in real life and books. Life in prison may have some positive influences, but to a large extent it is not successful in changing someone’s mindset. In the book “In Cold Blood”, Truman Capote uses syntax,diction, and a variety of details to support the theme that justice and punishment is not effective.
In the scenario, three individuals, Joe, Larry, and Bob, were convicted criminals and who were speeding in a stolen vehicle, when they saw a group of rivals. Joe was in the passenger seat warning the others that he was going to shoot at the rival members with a weapon he concealed it in his waistband; Larry the driver, drove the vehicle closer to the opponents. At the stop sign, Bob, who was in the back seat, left the car because he was on parole and didn’t want to go back to imprisonment. Afterwards, Larry drove past the adversaries as Joe discharged a few shots; one individual was murder and the other was shot in the leg.
“Things always look greener on the other side.” Individuals arrested for petty theft and small crimes are always placed in an ultimatum, spend two or more years in jail or snitch on drug dealers and other criminals. This harsh decision whether to spend time in isolation away from family and friends or put themselves in direction pathways to danger is the main way that society connects with the information presented in these articles. The decision of the individual can have unique effects on the citizens of the area. If an individual elects to serve their time for the crime, they will spend more than twenty-four months in prison, isolation from the outside that takes in taxpayers’ money to supply low quality food to overcrowded prisons. If the individuals with this ultimatum
In addition, the prison system is based on a reward-system where if the prisoners act in accordance with the prisons rules and participate in programs, then they may be offered an early release on parole as a basis for reward. However, the refusal to acknowledge guilt impacts this reward-system because indeterminate sentence prisoners maintaining factual innocence are non-compliant with sentence programmes and lack participation. Another challenge faced by those maintaining factual innocence is the issue of false confessions. Many prisoners who are factually innocent have become victims of signing or agreeing to false confessions with the prospect of being released from interrogation, promises of a parole deal, or early release. This was the case of Stefan Kiszko as he was convicted on the basis of a false confession and had been urged throughout to admit to the guilt. In addition, in 1983 Kiszko was told that he would be eligible for parole if he admitted to the murder and sexual assault of Lesley Molseed. The Kiszko case exemplifies the challenges that are faced among indeterminate sentence prisoners by which such challenges are not an issue of concern for the Parole Board and therefore need to be addressed.
In the Criminal Justice system, the main goal is justice or in other words, a fair consequence to match a criminal action. An obvious, yet unmentioned underlying goal is to prevent injustice. Many times, justice prevails, and this is why our system prevails today. However, when justice fails, it is key to look at the information offered in order to better the system and to repay those that have been failed by it. One area that has shown itself as flawed is the area of interrogations though many other areas will be presented throughout this paper as well. By examining five cases involving questionable interrogation and showing other system flaws, I will enlighten others as to how our justice system handles its flaws, and hopefully I will
The main issue within the article is about language, which is a "culture trait." A "culture trait" is described as learned beliefs, values, traditions, symbols or meanings that are passed from one generation to another within a specific community. (Francis, January 18, 2017) The French language within Quebec has been a cornerstone in regards to preserving the francophone culture. By speaking in French, Trudeau acknowledges the importance in preserving French in Quebec and Canada's official bilingualism. But by disregarding the use of English during the town hall, Trudeau made himself sound like a hypocrite. Since the adoption of Canada's Official Languages Act, there has been a struggle to maintain happiness between anglophones and
"Ask not what your country can do for you, but ask what you can do for your country," once said by President John F. Kennedy. According to a WWII history article published by Lincoln Riddle, "Wartime relations can cause a country to go down to a point where a large portion of the public doesn't support the war." One of the many ways countries curb this downfall is by using propaganda. In World War II, countries broadcasted and displayed propaganda throughout society to get the public to support the war effort and to unite the country. There were many different techniques used such as bandwagon, labeling, plain folks, transfer etc.
In reading the book known as Catch-22, the average reader might think that it does not seem to make any sense; and they are right; Catch-22 does not make any sense, and that is the entire point. Catch-22 is a book about a man driven insane by being in the army, how he views a world filled with other people who are driven insane by being in the army, and how each person driven insane by being in the army affects every other person that has been driven insane by being in the army. This in turn illustrates a perpetual cycle of insanity that resembles the titular logical paradox; if a soldier is crazy, he should be sent home. However, a soldier cannot be sent home unless he asks for it, and if he asks to be
Imagine you are a detective and you just busted a jewel thief. The thief had blamed an innocent person for the crime that he committed, and had used his own sister to cover it up. If you had the decision between taking him to jail or letting him go. What would you do?
Akers, R. L. (1990). Rational Choice, Deterrence, and Social Learning Theory in Criminology: The Path Not Taken. The Journal Of Criminal Law And Criminology (1973-), (3), 653. doi:10.2307/1143850
The Prisoner’s Dilemma is an extremely popular game and way of thinking about social interactions and also economics. It judges how people work together and against each other. It helps us understand what governs the balance between cooperation and competition in business, in politics, and in social settings. The two players in the game can choose between two moves, either 'cooperate' or 'defect'. The idea is that each player gains when both cooperate, but if only one of them cooperates, the other one, who defects, will gain more. If both defect, both lose. The whole game situation and its different outcomes can be summarised with the example provided below, hypothetical situations are imagined with the example below
Initially, the main belief was that criminal behavior was based on rational choice or thought, where criminals were believed to be intelligent beings and weighed the pros and cons before deciding to commit a crime; classicists Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham introduced this view. Essentially, these criminals would compare the risks of committing the crime, such as getting caught, jail or prison time, being disowned by family and friends, and so forth; and the rewards, such as money and new possessions. After making comparisons, the person would make a decision based on whether the risk was greater than the reward. This is like what is presented in an article on Regis University Criminology Program’s website, which states that a criminal “operates based on free will and rational thought when choosing what and what not to do. But that simplistic view has given way to far more complicated theories” (“Biological Theories Primer”). Nowadays, biological theories make attempts in explaining criminal behavior in terms of factors that are primarily outside of the control of the individual.