Forensic Images In Health Care

Ever since I was a kid, it has been my life goal to help as many people I can. I have moved around in many different areas of the medical field, but no career had caught my eye as much as physical therapy. As an athlete, I have been in and out of the physical therapist’s office for a majority of my life. Each time I have went I could not help but be beyond grateful for what these people have done for me; they have given me the ability to play the sport I love despite all the hiccups. Physical therapy is a dynamic field within the field of medicine because as a physical therapist one can make a difference in the lives of his or her patients, enjoy job security, and enjoy a rewarding and personally satisfying career.

The title of the position I will be looking at in the forensic science field is Photography. The Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation and the Kansas City Missouri Police Department both use digital photography as part of their crime scene sketch/photography in the crime scene processing unit. What made me interested in a career in forensic photography or crime scene photography was watching different shows such as Crime Scene Investigation and Naval Crime Investigative Service in watching all the different characters do all the different crime scene investigative work.

This frees up the physician’s schedule to see only the medically necessary patients, whereas PTs can share the load of musculoskeletal evaluations. Mitchell and Lissovoy published a study in 1994 on the cost effectiveness of direct access to PTs. They found that the costs for PT visits were 123% higher when patients were first seen by a physician as compared to when they were seen by a physical therapist directly. Establishing close working relationships between medical doctors and PTs, with a 2-way referral of patients, is essential to reduce not only unnecessary referrals, but also improve patient satisfaction and create an efficient process for reducing overall medical costs.

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So, I am going to clear up some of these myths. These myths are from a article I read called 7 Direct Access Myths Debunked. One topic is that it only applies to private outpatient Physical Therapy Practices. The truth is that is applies to many other areas as well like private pay home care or sports field and performing arts venues, etc. So it's not just applied for one group. If you really need serious go to a physical therapy clinic but you still might have to get approval from your primary care physician. Another Myth is that Direct access doesn’t exist in every state. That is somewhat true but there are different levels of direct access. A state my just limit the amount or put a limit on it. So a form of direct access does exist in every state so you just have to figure out what works best for you. Mississippi is one of the six states that has strict limitations that still require approval. Another myth is that allowing patients coming without a referral from their physician puts their health at risk. “Physical Therapist are doctoral-level medical professionals whose training and education make them more than qualified to not only conduct initial evaluations, but also recognize when a patient’s medical needs fall outside of their scope”(Andrus). Physical Therapist are doctors. They go to med-school like every other doctor does. They can see when a Patient needs therapy or not. According to Apta’s Guide of Professional Conduct it is required that PT’s should evaluate the patient for signs and symptoms of damage for therapy. A doctor would not just treat someone without evaluating

As a practicing physical therapist in the state of Georgia, and over 35 years of clinical experience in this healthcare field, I am writing to you today to gain the support of your insurance company, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Georgia (BCBSGA) in the recent achievement of direct access for physical therapists in Georgia. Currently, patients in the state of Georgia now have direct access to physical therapists without the requirement of a physician referral; however under the current health care system physical therapists are still prevented from providing necessary medical treatment to patients, on the account of that services rendered under direct access are not reimbursed by BCBSGA. This extra step places a burden to the consumer by increasing

Physical therapy has been evolving as a profession over the last 50 years, bringing terms like "anatomy" to the field and leaving a stronger medical connection behind. Ties to a "doctoring" profession are great for physical therapy practice publicity. Embracing recent changes, many professionals are excited about this change, while others remain apprehensive. Either way, the evolution into a physical therapy practice is inevitable for many working in the field.

An unidentified female is rushed to the hospital with a stab wound to her abdomen. The trauma team has already been informed of her arrival. While each person plays a role in the immediate care of the victim, the forensic nurse cuts off her clothes, careful to avoid the bloody hole where the knife pierced her shirt. The nurse puts each article of clothing in a separate container, places brown bags over the patient’s hands, and combs her pockets for anything that could identify the young woman. Stabbing, gunshot wounds, rape make up just a small amount of cases that forensic nurses face every day. Forensic nurses administer medical care to those with traumatic injuries and those who have been involved in tragic accidents, as well as provide assessment and care to both victims and offenders of crime and their families. Even though forensic nursing is an extremely rewarding career, the path there is slightly unsteady at best. They face challenges such as lack of support from fellow nurses and doctors to total disregard by law enforcement at times. They have to be physically and emotionally strong to deal with all of the encounters they face. Although there are a vast number of nurses in the world, only a fraction of them are forensic nurses. Forensic nursing is a nursing field with subspecialties that focus on nursing practices that care for victims of violent crimes, for example, sexual assault or aggravated assault, at the clinical and legal level. Forensic nurses bring

Authors Emma K. Stokes and Tracy J. Bury state "Attaining professional autonomy is a high priority for physical therapists and their professional organizations" (Global View 450). According to the World Confederation for Physical Therapy, it has been proven that patients are able to receive services from physical therapist without getting a referral from other healthcare professionals (450). This topic has not only raised concern within the country but also worldwide. Direct access to physical therapy is a concern to some legislators; however, forty-three out of the fifty states now allow direct access to physical therapists. Direct access not only decreases the cost for patients but is has an overall better outcome for patients as well. The World Confederation for Physical Therapy states "This diverse and highly specialized workforce provides opportunities for a variety of disciplines to function in primary care roles to improve access and reduce cost by eliminating unnecessary provider visits" (Challenges to Policy Adoption). Direct Access is the better and more efficient way for some people to go when seeking treatment. This is why direct access is becoming a leading benefit to human society today.

Crime scene investigation and medical examiner television shows are always interesting and exciting to watch, but what happens when you make the contents of that television show your life? Often times, the one you see doing the investigating with not only the body at the scene, but also inspecting the body of the victim in their exam room is called the Forensic Pathologist. A Forensic Pathologist is often called to the scenes where a death has occurred so that they can legally gather information and observations so that they can proceed with the investigation. For example, they will try to find the time of death. It is very important that the forensic pathologist be contacted very early on in the investigation, due to the amount of evidence that needs to be overlooked. Forensic pathologists are educated as physicians, and are also licensed for the practice of medicine. Regional tests are given, which means that if you decide to move at any time after taking the regional test, you will be required to take it again if you move to a new state. Autopsies are a daily occurrence, and the goal of the forensic pathologist is to recreate the series of events that led up to the death of the victim.

For over 75 years the profession of physical therapy has required it's members to adhere to a standard of ethical behavior.1 The first Code of Ethics adopted by the American Physiotherapy Association in 1935 focused mainly on the relationship between the physical therapist (PT), referring physician, and the disciplinary actions of violating that relationship.2(p.4) Since then the Code of Ethics has evolved into what the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) refers to as the Code of Ethics for the Physical Therapist (PT Code), and the Standards of Ethical Conduct for the Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA Standards).2(p.5),3,4 Today the Code and Standards are designed around the association's core set of values to

My first experience with physical therapy occurred in my small hometown of northern Michigan. The clinic was a local private practice which had been around for years. Looking back, some of the techniques used in this location did not seem to be exclusively evidenced-based. One specific instance I recall is how my physical therapist used ultrasound on my knee after I tore my ACL. This treatment technique in the physical therapy setting is what I would like to focus this paper on. Never being employed as a physical therapy aide or even in the healthcare setting my experience and knowledge on the subject was minimal. The physical therapist had my full trust and any technique he performed went on without question. One could assume

In forensic surveying, visuals representations are used to reconstruct the crime scene from all the collected and recorded information that serve as evidence (be it in the form text, photographs, sketches; anything that can record the crime scene to the greatest detailing possible is of great value). The crime scene will never remain as it is forever. Changes may happen, so it is important for an investigator to collect all the evidence and record all the information he deems necessary before crime scene officers collect and move the evidences(Crime scene will never be the same) and items of interest. A visual representation of the crime scene is normally presented to the court. It can be a map or a drawing based on the use of traditional

Although several applications for this currently exist in conventional medicine, the potential of these methods is largely unrealized in the field of forensic medicine. A main reason for this is the absence of medical imaging in forensic documentation in the past, since conventional autopsy is still the gold standard for forensic

Forensic imaging, particularly MRI technology is crucial in determining the cause of death in forensic pathology. There are a few main techniques for forensic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT), and conventional radiography. The PMCT is generally used for gunshot wounds, detection of gas embolism, trauma cases, and changes in the skeletal system. Some advantages of this technique are that it is fast, easy to handle, good three-dimensional reconstruction, excellent visuals of the skeletal system and gases in the body. However, it is not without disadvantages like how it uses radiation meaning companies must protect their employees, it has limited data storage, limited visualization of soft tissue and employees must go through extensive training to be authorized to operate it. MRIs can be used for trauma cases, strangulation, detection of foreign objects, and medical errors. Some advantages of this technique are that there is no radiation involved, it is good at visualizing soft tissue, and that since it can visualize soft tissue so easily it can identify a multitude of different problems. Some disadvantages are that it is time consuming, expensive, and there is extensive training needed to operate it. The last type of imaging technique that will be covered is conventional radiography which can detect foreign bodies and changes or lesions of the skeletal system and is used when the corpse cannot fit into the CT machine. The advantages of this technique are that it is