Frogspawn Coral Research Paper

In this episode of the BBC Documentary series, “The Blue Planet: Coral Sea” examines the roles and effects of coral reefs on other marine species. Coral reefs play a major part in the marine food web since they are responsible for about one quarter of all ocean species. Coral reefs are one of the most diversified species in the marine, even though they only covered a tiny portion of the earth. This species can reproduce both asexual and sexual. In sexual reproduction, larva is developed through egg and sperm fertilization. On the other hand in asexual reproduction, they can clone themselves through budding or fragmentation. Coral reefs, however, has been threatening due to overfishing, pollution, climate change, increasing in ocean acidity

In conclusion, coral is a single; it’s made up of thousands of ploys. Which secrete the limestones that attaches to rock or ocean bed and keeps them in the places where they came. That’s why if we stop the main cause of this--fishermen-- we’ll be able to see the coral reefs. The central idea of the article, “ Ingenious Coralbots May Help Restore Coral Reefs”, is that humans should stop taking the coral reefs from their

Coral reefs exist all over the world and are generally known as being one of the most diverse, intricate and beautiful of all existing marine habitats. They have many varying structures which are developed by algae and are symbiotic with various reef building corals which are referred to as, zooxanthellae (algae). There are many other factors such as, coralline algae, sponges and other various organisms that are combined with a number of cementation processes which also contribute to reef growth, (CORAL REEFS, 2015).

Coral reefs are the most biodiverse ecosystem on the planet. There are more than 25,000 known species of organisms and countless others that have yet to be identified (Helvarg, 2000). Reefs thrive on the shallow edge of tropical seas, most often on the eastern edge of continents along warm water currents that brush the coasts. Reefs cannot live in cold waters and are limited by ocean depth and available sunlight. Coral is the foundation of the reef community, providing a three-dimensional structure where thousands of species of vertebrates and invertebrates live and feed. Some species of coral are hard, while others soft. Some are branched, yet others are compact and rounded. Coral is made up of large

I am writing about the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The natural marine sanctuary has been In Florida. There are much fish In the sanctuary, but there is only one kind of species that Is really important to the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The thing that is really popular or important is the coral polyps. Now the coral polyps is a flower. It has tiny, soft sea anemone. Just like animals that make a cup of calcium carbonate around themselves for their own protection. Thousands and thousands of these tiny polyps build all their skeletons together to form a colony. They keep building the skeletons on top of each other and sometimes It grows up to hundreds of meters tall. Did you know there are four main types of coral habitat in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary? The coral polyps are the

While most living organisms reproduce during their lifetime, not all have the ability to move freely in order to complete the process of reproduction. Sessile marine organisms fit the profile of these organisms, as any sessile organism, by definition, is permanently attached or fixed to another surface. Due to their sessile nature, coral have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually. Coral that reproduce sexually do so most commonly by way of spawning and brooding, while coral that reproduce asexually do so through budding and fragmentation. Both modes of reproduction, both asexual and sexual, have their benefits and disadvantages, but both ultimately lead to the production of new coral throughout the world.

The GBR is home to around 600 types of hard and soft coral species (according to the GBR Marine park authority), that have been built by animals called ‘Polyps’. These primitive organisms have a symbiotic relationship with the Zooxanthellae and they mutually benefit from each other. Zooxanthellae produce sugars and oxygen via photosynthesis whilst the polyp provides the algae with nutrients. Large migratory animals i.e. The Great whales travel to temperate zones to feed and give birth, on occasions, whales die and their corpses are used as nutrient rich food for other marine life. The remarkable process of coral spawning is a mass reproduction that occurs once every year, when the combination of all the four spheres interact accordingly with one another.

These tentacles are used not only for to itself, but also to protect the space around it, due to competition (EDGE: Coral Reef Species, 2008). These tentacles are usually spread out during the night from the outside edges of the colony. As well as the sweeper tentacles, they also have mesenterial filaments that extend from their digestive system, which allows them to eat other coral species that may be invading their space. These filaments help direct food into a central mouth, and then the food is digested into a sac-like body cavity (Boulder Star Coral, 2010). Astraea are classified as both heterotrophic and autotrophic feeders because, as well as using their tentacles to prey on other coral species, they also utilize organic matter and bacteria (Vaughan,

The COTS are usually an important part of maintaining the balance of the coral reef ecosystem’s, as it would feed off the faster growing

The physical environment of coral reefs, like the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, are essentially made up of “reef-building corals ( or hermatypic)”2 which are formed by polyps, very small, vulnerable animals that unite together to coral colonies by excreting calcium carbonate to protect their soft bodies. To be able to build up a coral reef and survive, the polyps are in a symbiotic relationship with algae called zooxanthellae. These algae provide the corals with for example their significant color and increase the

In years past many have believed corallium to have magical powers, to overpower evil, preserve crops, and also a cure for poison. Items are traded all around the world as jewelry and art. The gathering of red coral has gone down sixty six percent between nineteen eighty six and two thousand and one. While there is no global precautions concerning red coral, there are national policies set in place. In nineteen ninety four, the European Union banned dredging from being the way to harvest these creatures in the Mediterranean. In the United States of America, the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council’s Precious Corals Fisheries Management Plan has monitored the harvest of

In some regions of the world, people depend on the reefs for protection and food 2. A well managed square kilometer of coral reef could yield

Broken and abraded coral has been clearly injured and or killed. However this abraded coral is less resistant to diseases and will have slower reproduction and growth due to redirected energy.24 Originally studies focused on coral breakages, however more recent studies have found that just the re-suspension of sediment can affect the health of reef. The removal of sediment from the coral surface results in the redirection of energy and makes the coral more vulnerable to disease.33 The study of this is more difficult and less reliable as weather has a huge impact on sediment suspension. Observations by Barker and Roberts accounted for sediment re-suspension, but the extent of damage caused to the coral was not

It also requires Bright sun lights, which can explain the shallow habitat that it resides in. However, these corals have been known to form a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, a marine algae. This algae, can provide the necessary nutrients that the coral requires to survive. Defence wise, the coral really has no form of fighting back. This results in the coral being nipped at by other marine life, or taking in the chemicals of other corals. In order to to reproduce, it has two options. It can reproduce asexually by “budding” releasing an offshoot to attach to another surface, or it can reproduce sexually by sending sperm into the open waters to find another Organ Pipe Coral. Reproducing asexually has it ups and downs. Reproducing asexually is faster compared to sexually, however it is essentially a “clone” and has no other genetically diverse attributes that it would otherwise. If reproducing sexually, it consumes more time and energy to allow the offspring to have a more diverse genetic buildup allowing for the adaptation and survival of the

Red coral has been associated with auspiciousness and longevity from ancient times. It indicates nobility in Mahayana Buddhism and is one of the ‘Eight Precious Things’, a group of