CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Wi-Fi (ieee-802.11b) and Wi-Max (ieee-802.16e) have captured our attention. As there are no recent developments which transfer data at faster rate as video information transfer taking lot of time. This leads to introduction of Gi-Fi technology. It offers some advantages over Wi-Fi, a similar wireless technology. In that it offers faster information rate (Gbps), less power consumption and low cost for short range transmissions. Gi-Fi which is developed on an integrated wireless transceiver chip. In which a small antenna used and both transmitter-receiver integrated on a single chip, which is fabricated using the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. Because of Gi-Fi transfer of large
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So to have higher data transfer rate at lower power consumption we move onto Gi-Fi technology.
➢ The 802.11b and 802.11g flavours of Wi-Fi use the 2.4 GHz spectrum, which is crowded with other devices such as Bluetooth, microwave ovens, cordless phones, or video sender devices, among many others. This may cause degradation in performance. Other devices which use microwave frequencies such as certain types of cell phones can also cause degradation in performance.
➢ Power consumption is fairly high compared to other standards, making battery life and heat a concern.
➢ Not always configured properly by user. Commonly uses WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) protocol for protection, though has been shown to be easily breakable. Newer wireless solutions are slowly providing support for the superior WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) protocol, though many systems still employ WEP.
CHAPTER 3 GI-FI
Gi-Fi or gigabit wireless is the world’s first transceiver integrated on a single chip that operates at 60GHz on the CMOS . process. It will allow wireless transfer of audio and video data at up to 5 gigabits per second, ten times the current maximum wireless transfer rate, at one-tenth the cost. NICTA researchers have chosen to develop this technology in the 57-64GHz unlicensed frequency band as the millimeter-wave range of the spectrum makes possible high component on-chip integration as well as allowing for the
This is a direct extension of the 802.11b that extends the maximum data rate to 54Mbps, making it possible to serve up to five times as many users. Our Wi-Fi network is based on the IEEE 802.11 b/g standards, which is the most commonly used standard. We have added Wi-Fi access points in our network to give easier access to corporate data and services. Most of the devices in this network, for example the personal computers, smartphones, digital cameras, tablets and digital audio players connected using the Wi-Fi technology. The hotspot will be in the range of 20 meters (66 feet) indoors and a greater range outside.
Outline a wireless network and technology that you use regularly. The WLANs which are derived from the IEEE 802.11 standards, and marketed under the Wi-Fi trademark name. The WLANs security is neither forthright/candid nor simple, and it is continuously varying. Even though, as WLAN increase client output, they also expose the networks to a new group of potential hackers. With the present inherent security weakness of the 802.11 standard, all companies, small, medium or large, need to find out their security conditions derived from the applications using the WLAN. The standards also provide requirements for high-speed networks that support most modern-day applications. What sorts of security issues do
Today’s current standard of 802.11 is 802.11ac. When comparing newer routers for home use, you will run across routers labeled AC1200, AC1750, AC3200, and so on. The “AC” refers to the wireless standard, while the number following it refers to the speed. The current range of 802.11ac routers can provide speeds up to 1300Mbps on the 5 GHz band, and up to 450 Mbps on 2.4 GHz band. The base level for 802.11ac is more than twice the speed offered from the previous standard, 802.11n. Most routers available in stores today offer 802.11n or 802.11ac, older standards such the “a,” “b,” and, “g” are out of
WiMAX can transmit speeds up to 50km at 280mbps, and provides options for use in point to point and multipoint configurations.
It was designed to replace 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g. It has the fastest transfer rate of (600Mbps) and the longest signal range compared to its predecessors. It operates in both 2.4GHz and 5GHz range.
The other option I might look into in this scenario is the possibility of perhaps there are too many access points and perhaps a combination of removing and relocating access point could end up giving you the same amount of coverage and or signal strength while being able to remove some possible unnecessary access points
0 Use the Internet to research one to two applications of the illustrated wireless technology. List each application found. Be sure to reference the Web site(s) where you found this information.
To solve these problems a company can implement Wi-Fi on their network. This can reduce the price of implementing additional cable in the network.
This will overall facilitate access to communication between human and machines. Additionally, it would improve the responsiveness of independent systems or other autonomous devices dedicated to home, office or school.
5G is the fifth generation wireless broadband technology based on the IEEE 802.11ac standard. 5G is provide high speed then 3G and 4G. 5G operates on 5GHZ signal and set is to offer speed up to 1 GB/s.
1. Consider your own use of wireless networks; do you use a smartphone or a tablet?
Perhaps the greatest advantage of wireless networks is the freedom from physical cabling. Laptop users can finally use their machines as they were intended; away from a desk. Unfortunately, wireless LAN standards (IEEE 802.11) are considerably slower than their wired counterparts. 802.11a wireless is capable of speeds up to 72Mbps; however, it is currently restricted to a throughput of 54Mbps by the FCC.
It’s very important to determine the device and application requirements based on bandwidth, protocols and frequency. In wireless network, bandwidth, protocols and sometime environmental conditions affect the speed of the channel so we need to calculate the aggregate throughputs before designing the network. Today, users carry Wi-Fi devices such as notebooks, laptops, tablets and Smartphone’s so total throughput must be calculated by estimating number of connections rather than the number of the seats. Some common wireless networking standards such as 802.11a/b/g/n invented in the IEEE association must be supported by wireless network. For better performance and for faster devices (802.11n devices), dual-ratio access points should be deployed. Table1 [3] illustrate the different IEEE standards and throughput.
Wireless networking hardware requires the use of underlying technology that deals with radio frequencies as well as data transmission. The most widely used standard is 802.11 produced by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). This is a standard defining all aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking
Abstract – Conventional wireless communication schemes use radio/micro wave frequencies for data transmission, primarily because of the availability of high sensitivity receivers and ability to provide broad coverage at low frequencies and line of sight communication at high frequencies. But, RF can support only a limited bandwidth due to confined spectrum availability. Therefore the expanding demand for wireless data has led to clogging of the radio spectrum. Thus there is a need to study and use new communication technologies in near future that will reduce interference and will be a clean source of communication. Communication is providing new advances constantly, people are depending more and more on the benefits they provide.