Introduction
In January 1995, the Philippines joined the globalized trade, and since then Philippines lost its rich culture and land, economic globalization had a colossal negative impact to the nation. The Philippines is in an upheaval, as economic growth from globalization has caused an immense social gap and distress in the nation’s health system. One can argue that economically, it is flourishing due to foreign currency remittance, but the Philippines still lags behind its Southeast Asian neighbours.
Effect of early Globalization, Colonialism: The social split
The adoption of globalization principles and the introduction of democratic and capitalism theories from international influence created social problems in the Philippines.
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The Philippines as it was a tribal state did not have strong ‘natural’ bonds, it was composed of different tribal groups situated around the Philippine archipelago, and had different skill sets and functions. Banlaoi refers to ‘natural’ bonds as a state that experienced common histories, cultural make-up (ancestry and descent make-up), a common religion and language. In the island of Luzon, there are thirteen tribes, and although they live in the same region, all the tribes speak different dialects (Lang, 2009). The demographic complexity of the Philippines is also further complicated by Muslim separatist groups in Mindanao (Banlaoi, 2004).
In the 1970s, the Marcos administration, the dictator at the time, delivered an economic and political program under the paradigm advance by the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. The program’s mandate was to aid in the ‘take-off’ of the Philippine economy, but to deliver the program, the Marcos administration had to implement the Martial Law. With the trouble of balancing the nation’s debt, President Marcos introduced the Presidential Decree 442 in 1974. The policy created the deployment of Filipino workers overseas.
International Influence from the 1960s
Nationalism is faltering in the Philippines; a study by Gonzalez found that the Philippines are living by the mandate of other nation-states, particularly ones that forcefully bring forth their neoliberal policies. The neoliberal policies have created a
To the casual observer, globalization can be thought to have a positive impact on the entire world. This statement is definitely true for most of the developed countries, such as the United States of America. However, there are many countries that have suffered severe negative consequences as a product of globalization. For example, the “first globalization” occurred when Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztec Empire and exploited the local populations and African slaves to mine the silver reserves. China, the economic powerhouse at
From all of this is plain to see that globalization can have positive and negative effects upon a society, but a country that refuses to open its doors to the world face economic stagnation and poverty for its people. Those
That this was also the decade in which globalization came into full swing is more than a minor inconvenience for its advocates” (Rodrick). If globalization is supposed to present an advantage to developing countries, why have there been so many setbacks? Indeed, both sides will have its winners and losers regardless of which side of the development coin they live on, but for the most part globalization has lifted millions out of poverty, improved the standard of living, and increased life expectancy rates all while keeping developed nations relatively competitive to their developing counterparts. Globalization’s value is that it seeks to create an economic equilibrium in the world, where parties are free from barriers and can benefit from one another through a more efficient allocation of resources. This allows all participating nations to contribute to an integrated economy and where all nations willing to embrace globalization have the potential to benefit. Regardless, the path to successful integration to the global economy has not always been easy. There is contention towards globalization as some argue that it is detrimental to developed nations, while many developing countries that were forced to hastily open up their markets and integrate failed. However, if implemented properly, globalization has proven that it can benefit all parties involved and that the potential gains outweigh the losses.
The acquisition of Philippines by the United States is the topic that is going to be focused upon throughout this paper. The historical context of this topic deserves to analyzed with reference to both the primary and secondary readings assigned. The highlighted issue takes place after the treaty of Paris was signed between the United States and Spain which liberated Spain’s remaining colonies. Towards the end of the 19th century, Americans were influenced by the ideology of imperialism. They believed that advanced industrialized nations like the United States, Great Britain and France needed to acquire colonies in order to provide raw materials to feed their industrial economies. Extensive markets were wanted in order to sell finished products to those colonial masses.
America’s acquisition of the Philippines was a very controversial issue in America. Though liberals and much of the country did not support imperialism, America became an imperialist anyway. The Machine, which controlled the government and economy, saw their own personal gain in imperialism. Sure enough, they influenced America to become imperialists. America saw both the benefits and the harms that can result from imperialism. Without imperialism, though, America may not be as
In this argument, I believe the failures of the initial Philippine colonial project not only retrogressed the islanders back into their primitive informal aristocracy but actually help unify and modernize a regime that was the complete reversal of American intentions. The result of the type of Filipino government after reconstruction were significantly constrained by Anti-Imperialists tensions from the metropole and continued to reshape itself by many additional constraints from the Filipino legislation. Only about fifty years later of political administration would enable the development of an autonomic government.
Globalization has done a tremendous disservice to those that seek to create wealth and resource equality. Globally it has created a system where as the counties with access to strong markets, copious resources, and relatively educated populations will succeed, while those countries that lag behind in categories such as those willhave a difficult time maintaining in the global economic system.
To justify the case for the annexation of the Philippines, we must first look at a snapshot of the Philippine archipelago to understand the advantages the islands provided the United States. The Philippines was a vast chain consisting of over 7,000 islands, with 74 provinces, 43 different ethnic groups, and 87 different spoken languages. The population around 1899
An economic marvel has grasped countries around the world, the scope of which only continues to grow—globalization. From our favourite retail chains to the producers of our cellphones and computers, globalization influences every aspect of our lives. The emergence of the phenomenon of globalization in the 1980’s has positively impacted the international economic community, by reducing trade barriers and in turn creating jobs, innovated technology, as well as stimulating economic growth in developing countries.
Another is that Filipinos have a culture of apathy and tend to use religion incorrectly and passively. People depend on religion and settle for what’s okay. In addition, the initial reaction of Filipinos to change is resistance, and this is why the country does not necessarily progress, or at least, progress at a continuous rate. Then, countries like Spain and Portugal only rode the “economic tiger” after “they realized that the only way to survive was change” (3.Y). Plus, according to another critic, the Philippines already had the experience of being under the parliamentary system during the time of Marcos which only resulted in a People Power Revolution. So why should the country bother going back to that? (4.Y)
“The impetus to invest abroad arises out of this competitive struggle among the giants.” (DeGregori) Globalization can be seen as capitalism, due to this Imperialism has been highly criticized over the years for being an aggressive practice in foreign policy. In the late 1800’s an Anti-Imperialist League was created to dispute the annexation of the Philippines to the US.
Under the new regime agriculture developed rapidly, commerce and trade soared to unprecedented levels, transportation and communication were modernized, banking and currency improved, the manufacturing industries were transformed. As compared with the Spanish era, economic progress of the Philippines during the American era forged ahead with great strides. (291)
The rise of globalization following WWII generated three important factors that define today’s world. McNeill and McNeill agree with Pollard, Rosenberg, and Tignor that multiple economic changes, such as the creation of financial institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) contributed to the globalization of the world economy. Carter and Warren further this argument by claiming that globalization has caused shifts in the modern economy, namely the rise of Asian economic powers. However, all three historians agree that the rise of globalization goes hand in hand with the rise of inequality in today’s world. Gaps in power, wealth, and access to information have only widened due to the trend of globalization. The final key factor defining our world today are the ongoing processes affecting development countries. McNeill and McNeill argue similarly to Carter and Warren that the end of imperialism generated new nations who quickly realized the free market was a pathway to stability. However, Pollard et al. and McNeill and McNeill place importance on financial institutions like the IMF forcing developing nations to reform their economies to be subservient to the world’s economy. Together, these historians argue that the trend of globalization following WWII caused factors like the modern global economy, the rise in inequality, and the development of new, decolonized nations to be key determiners in the world today.
There are numerous diverse cultures that reside on this planet, each display their own uniqueness, and significance to this world we live in. The Philippines are a great illustration of how many individuals of different cultures work together to create an astounding community. Much like the United States we are comprised of all varieties of ethnicities, and this essay will describe what it is like to live in the Philippines, but also what it is like for them to come to America, from personal research. It is vital that we have contrastive cultures on this earth, there are various ideas, discoveries, and resourceful, sharp citizens, which come from each one of these cultures. It is important to be different, and every person, no matter what culture, brings something exceptional to nature 's table.
“Globalization is not just one impact of the new technologies that are reshaping the economies of the third millennium” (Thurow 19-31). When speaking of globalization, most people will not have a complete understanding as of what it actually means or what aspects of the world it affects. Globalization promotes free trade and creates jobs. The capital markets attract investors, resort cheap labor, and leads to job losses in some areas of higher wage. While all of this is happening, the world economy is being effected: economically, culturally, socially, and politically.