Heart of Darkness as Social Protest
Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, is an intriguing and extremely
disturbing portrayal of man's surrender to his carnal nature when all
external trappings of "civilization" are removed. This novel excellently
portrays the shameful ways in which the Europeans exploited the Africans:
physically, socially, economically, and spiritually.
Throughout the nineteenth century, Europeans treated their African
counterparts savagely. They were beaten, driven from their homes, and
enslaved. Heart of Darkness is no exception. In the first section of the
novel, Marlow is disgusted by the condition of the Africans at the
…show more content…
Europeans were also extremely distrustful of the natives. They
were often accused of crimes because of the color of their skin. At the
beginning of the novel, a French ship is firing blindly into the woods
because "[apparently] the French had one of their wars going on
thereabouts." Later in the novel, at the Central Station, a native is
accused of causing the fire that engulfed the European's storage shed. He
is beaten savagely; later he ran away from the station.
The Europeans, aside from physically exploiting the Africans, also
exploited them economically. When the Europeans first came to Africa, they
found a civilization that was extremely well-developed, albeit in a
different way than traditional Western civilization. They discovered a
continent that was rich in many things, particularly gold, silver, and
ivory. Far from the external checks of civilization and motivated by their
greed, they decided to exploit the riches they had "discovered." The
Africans provided a ready labor force. So, the Europeans pressed them into
labor by various means, ranging from brute force to manipulation of their
religious beliefs. For example, at the beginning of the novel, Marlow
encounters a chain gang that is forced to "[balance] small baskets full of
earth
1. The protagonist of Heart of Darkness is a person named Charlie Marlow. Oddly, his name only appears once in the novel. Marlow is philosophical, independent-minded, and generally skeptical of those around him. He is also a master storyteller, eloquent and able to draw his listeners into his tale. Although Marlow shares many of his fellow Europeans’ prejudices, he has seen enough of the world and enough debased white men to make him skeptical of imperialism. An example of Marlow being independent-minded and philosophical is when he takes a trip up a river, as a break from working on ships. Marlow describes the trip as a journey back in time, to a “prehistoric earth.” This remark on how he regards
Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness has allowed me to view the world through a multitude of new lenses. In seeing Kurtz and Marlow’s disintegration when removed from society’s watchful eye, I began to understand that all people have a streak of darkness in them under the right circumstances. While the narrator, and many readers at the time of this novella’s publication, believed that the African natives being colonized were “savages”, this book sheds light on the true brutes in this scenario: the thoughtless Europeans. The other complexity that I never truly understood until reading this book, is the idea that there is a single story told about Africans in Western literature. Africa is portrayed as weak, primitive, and impoverished in most books
In Joseph Conrad’s book, Heart of Darkness, the globe is imagined as one where there are those that are civilized and those that are considered “savages” and “barbarians” by the civilized people. These civilized people are the Europeans, and the so-called “savages” are the African slaves.
Heart of Darkness is an intriguing story as well as a symbol for Joseph Conrad's social commentary on imperialism. Marlow's journey takes him deep into the African Congo where he bears witness to a number of life-altering revelations. He beholds his most striking revelation when he begins to compare the "civilized European man" with the "savage African man." These two opposing forces represent the two conflicting viewpoints present in every dilemma, be it cultural, social, or otherwise. As a modern European man who believes religiously in imperialism, Marlow is inherently arrogant. Yet, although he cannot accept the African jungle as being equally important as imperialism, his
Darkness permeates every circumstance, scene, and character in Joseph Conrad's novella, Heart of Darkness. Darkness symbolizes the moral confusion that Charlie Marlow encounters, as well as the moral reconciliation he has within himself while searching for Kurtz. Marlow's morals are challenged numerous times throughout the book; on the Congo river and when he returns to Brussels.
Conrad’s depictions of the African natives and the operations being carried out in the stations of the Congo seem to vary throughout the entirety of The Heart of Darkness. At times there are condemnatory statements made about the so called savages, while at other times, Marlow develops a friendship of sorts with his African helmsman. Ultimately though, Conrad’s portrayal of the ivory trade and overall imperialistic policies employed by European countries upon Africa is one of denouncement. This novella is written with an unmistakable denigration for the so called civilization mission and for the ill treatment of the natives. Far more superior technology paired with the sense of duty to spread civilization resulted in the abuse of the people
This quote was spoken by Marlow. The quote signifies the beginning of Marlow’s story, and the pretense to his vivid recollection of his journey. Marlow is referring to his current surroundings because he is about to start his lengthy allegory. Basically, Marlow begins by telling the other sailors that every place was at one point unexplored and uninhabited.
Through Marlow’s journey, readers see the appalling tools of colonialism laid bare and the real reason behind Europe’s mindset is exposed. Conrad argues with the accusation of Europe and other countries who use violence to “civilize” land and their inhabitants, as inhuman and savage. That the natives who are suppose to be helped are really not the uncivilized people. Furthermore, the Europeans are barbaric due to their greed for wealth and power. The author indicated this problem throughout Heart of Darkness, because he wanted people to question who was really “civilized” and “savaged.” His novel allowed people to see this defining feature of the Modern period in its true
In the novel Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad illustrates the issue of racial dilemma through the novel's protagonist Marlow. Heart of Darkness tells the story of a young seaman named Marlow and his journey up the Congo river to meet the mysterious Kurtz who has fallen into the evil of imperialism. In the novel Conard’s excessive use of defamatory language and the comparison of the African population with nature depersonalizes the race. Heart of Darkness displays the theme of evil when imperialism is placed upon an European individual and in the process neglects and glorifies this idea that the nature of Africa is apart of this evil. The natives are displayed as being animalistic with the use of grunts and short phrases in the novel.
The plot of the novella Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad centers around a seafarer named Marlow and his journey up the Congo River and his exploits there during a time of imperialism. Once Marlow joins the Company as a captain for a ship heading to the Congo to trade, he encounters instances of oppression of the African natives by members of the Company. This character narrates the majority of the novel and often takes on the role of a passive observer, although he sometimes gives his input on the situation. In recent years, the state of Marlow and even Conrad’s opinions on race have been questioned due to the thematic element of oppression of blacks by whites presented in this work. Though many believe Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad to be a novel with racist undertones and an offensive view of African imperialism, it illustrates the discovery of a new world and new people by Europeans in the 19th century with an impressionist take as opposed to a racist one.
Conrad considered the Africans inferior and doomed people. Frances B. Singh, author of The Colonialistic Bias of Heart of Darkness said "The African natives, victims of Belgian exploitation, are described as 'shapes,' 'shadows,' and 'bundles of acute angles,' so as to show the dehumanizing effect of colonialist rule on the ruled" (269-270). Another similar incident of "double speak" appeared on the death of Marlow's helmsman. Marlow respected the helmsman, yet when the native's blood poured into Marlow's shoes, "To tell you the truth, I was morbidity anxious to change my shoes and socks" (Conrad 47).
The Novella Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is about an Ivory agent, Marlow, who is also the narrator of his journey up the Congo River into the heart of Africa. Marlow witnesses many new things during his journey to find Mr. Kurtz. In Apocalypse Now, the narrator is Captain Willard, who is also on a journey to find Kurtz. The Kurtz in the movie however is an American colonel who broke away from the American army and decided to hide away in Cambodia, upon seeing the reality of the Vietnam War. The poem “The Hollow Men” talks about how humans’ “hollowness” affects their lives and often leads to the destruction of one’s life. These three works all deal with similar issues, and are related to one another in many ways, and also share
Various parallels can be drawn when comparing and contrasting Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and Frank Coppola's "Apocalypse Now", while taking into consideration Heart of Darkness is a novella and "Apocalypse Now" is a film. These differences and similarities can be seen in themes, characters, events and other small snippets of information including anything from quoted lines to strange actions of the main characters. Both pieces follow the same story line but they are presented in different contexts, allowing for many differences as well as the ability to see how Conrad is able to write a piece of literature that can be transposed to many different settings regardless the time period and still convey the same
Joseph Conrad’s progressive ideas about colonialism are instilled into his novella, Heart of Darkness, (1902) through which the philanthropic pretence of the European Colonisers towards African natives is unveiled. Whilst Conrad’s post colonial writings were ahead of his own time and context, they are accompanied and contrasted with views founded through a colonial mindset, where colonisation is seen to perhaps bear a burden upon the Europeans rather than the natives. As a result of this, Conrad creates a narrator; Marlow, who vacillates between opinion of his company’s motives – to colonise and to exploit for economic gain. Through this indecisiveness and in the style of a framed narrative, Conrad acts as a story teller to create a
The novel Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is a story about a man named Marlow who has a sense of adventure in his heart, and by following his heart, he tells us a story about a time of his life where he was a riverboat pilot the Belgian Congo. His story is about him going on a journey to find a man of many skills and abilities named Kurtz. In his story, Marlow applies to The Company, it’s a trade firm for ivory. Then he begins to hear people talking about Kurtz, and suddenly, Marlow wants to find him and meet him. But there is one particular question that is raised in the book, is colonialism horrible?