Introduction Henry Molaison, who is best known for H.M, was probably the best known single patient in the history of neuroscience. His severe memory impairment, which resulted from experimental neurosurgery to control seizures, was the subject of study for five decades until his death in December 2008. In 1953, neurosurgeon William Beecher Scoville performed a bilateral mesial temporal lobe resection on patient Henry Molaison, who suffered from epilepsy. The operation was novel as a treatment for epilepsy and had an unexpected consequence: a severe compromise of Molaison's anterograde memory. Henry Molaison The Man with No Memory Born on February twenty-six, 1926, Henry Molaison or better known as H.M, was a healthy young …show more content…
Neurosurgeon, William Scoville localized Malison’s epilepsy to his left and right medial temporal lobes. As a treatment, Scoville suggested surgical resection. The resection included the hippocampal formation and adjacent structures. Moreover, the resection also included most of the amygdaloidal complex and entorhinal cortex. The remaining of hippocampal tissue appeared to be a complete waste of the body, leaving the hippocampi entirely nonfunctional. In addition, the entire entorhinal cortex was also destroyed along with some of his anterolateral temporal cortex. The goal to control Henry epilepsy was successful; however, it developed severe anterograde amnesia. Although his working and procedural memory were intact, he could not form new events to his explicit memory. Explicit memory is defined to be the recollection of previous experiences and information which is often used throughout the day. Additionally, Henry had also developed retrograde amnesia, which caused him to not remember most events in a one-two year period before surgery or even some events up to ten years before. His ability to form long-term procedural memories was intact. H.M was capable to learn new motor skills, despite not being able to remember learning
Outline: Edmund Benedict Worthington III is taken to court for violating a restraining order from one of his nannies (Susan Aspall). Characters:.. Edmund III, Susan Aspall, Godfrey Worthington, witness, defense lawyer, judge, jury, Gibson Worthington. Setting: Boston, outside Susan’s house, Godfreys mansion, and courtroom.
On his last night before he had to go back to the Citadel Military school in South Carolina, following the Thanksgiving vacation, Harry De La Roche came back home from a night of drinking with some friends and found himself contemplating in his bed whether he should go back to school like his father ordered him to do and continue the harassment he had endured that semester from his classmates or to stop his only obstacle that was in his way from ever going back to that school. He took his father’s .22 caliber pistol and proceeded into his parent’s bedroom. He stood over their bed for 15 minutes with the gun in his hand thinking if he should continue with what he was about to do. Then the next minute, he shot both his father and mother. He continued down the hallway towards his Brother Ronnie’s room and as Ronnie was getting out of bed, still in shock with what he just heard, Harry shot him. He then went to see his younger brother Eric and he shot him twice while he was getting up. Harry then continued back to his room and sat on his bed for a few minutes and then he heard heavy breathing coming from Eric’s room. Harry went back to the room and heard his brother mumbling something. Harry then covered Eric’s eyes with his hands while he got a towel and covered Eric’s face with it. He told him it was a dream and to go back to sleep. Eric
The first witness shown on the stand in the documentary was James Stephens. He was the husband of the victim, Mary Ann Stephens. Mr. Stephens was the crucial witness in this case, because he was the only witness. He claimed in his testimony that Brenton Butler murdered Mary Ann Stephens three feet away from his face. Approximately three hours after the incident, he was able to identify Butler as the culprit from fifty feet away. However, the defense attorney was able to pick highlight multiple problems during the cross-examination. The entire incident took place within a five second window. The defendant was wearing a t-shirt with a prominent logo when he was arrested. Mr. Stephens did not mention the logo to police, and incorrectly stated that the shirt had a collar. It was later learned when a second suspect was arrested for the crime, that Mary Ann Stephens was shot after she spilled her coffee on the shooter. James Stephens never mentioned once mentioned this.
WASHINGTON – A Pennsylvanian football fan died in police gunfire after winning $1.9 million in a lottery jackpot.
Before the commission could be delivered, Adams' term ended and Jefferson became the President. Jefferson's Secretary of State (Madison) refused to honor the commission, saying it wasn't valid because it hadn't been delivered in time.
Clive Wearing suffers from aterograde amnesia as well as retrograde amnesia. This means that he can not create new memories and lost all of the old ones he had. About 30 years ago he had gotten a herpes virus that attacks your nervous system. This illness has impacted his life in several ways. He became so ill that he can no longer form any type of memories except for realizing who his wife is, knowing his children, and piano playing. His memory was said to last anywhere from 7 to 30 seconds at most. His wife said while eaing he forgot what he had within the short span of time that it took his fork to reach his mouth. He could not link the taste of food with the name because he suddenly forgot everything. It was like starting over every 30
Hippocampus is a small, curved region, which exists in both hemispheres of the brain and plays a vital role in emotions, learning and acquisition of new information. It also contributes majorly to long term memory, which is permanent information stored in the brain. Although long term memory is the last information that can be forgotten, its impairment has become very common nowadays. The dysfunction is exemplified by many neurological disorders such as amnesia. There are two types of amnesia, anterograde and retrograde. Anterograde amnesia is inability in forming new information, while retrograde refers to the loss of the past memory. As suggested by Cipolotti and Bird (2006), hippocampus’s lesions are
Losing one’s memory can be a mysterious affliction, and the causes can be quite complex. Severe memory loss is introduced in author Oliver Sacks’ collection of stories The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, and lectures given by professor Jim Davies can help with understanding of some of the concepts introduced in the book. In chapter two, The Lost Mariner, the patient Jimmie is suffering from aspects of both retrograde and anterograde amnesia, which Davies explained as loss of memory of events or facts learned before an event (the event that caused the amnesia), and loss of ability to create new memories after the event, respectively. In more detail, and in relation to our book (here, the target example), retrograde amnesia would consist of any loss of memory that happened prior to an event, such as an injury or onset of disease in Jimmie’s case. Dr. Davies’ explanation of retrograde amnesia helps to understand Jimmie’s case, where in the year 1975 he is unable to recall any events after 1945. As well, the explanation of anterograde amnesia as including symptoms such as inability to form new memories, learn information or tasks, or to recall the recent past is useful when applied to Jimmie’s experience of not being able to recall events that happened even a few minutes prior. Jimmie’s suffering from both retro and anterograde amnesia, as explained by Sacks, results from Korsakov’s syndrome – a destruction of memory caused by alcoholic
What started off as a simple vision discomfort in 1971 turned into a tumor that destroyed Greg’s memory system in his early 20s. However, as his brain tumor grew, it did not affect his memory until the end stages. By the time that it was discovered, the tumor had damaged his temporal lobe, the hippocampus, and the pituitary gland. Greg lived a very simple, tranquil life and he was in his mid 40s when this story was written.
For anyone in their adolescence, going through school, memory is a key factor to success. Though epilepsy can be diagnosed at anytime, it is most commonly diagnosed to young children who usually outgrow it post-adolescence. Unfortunately, issues with memory are the most commonly reported cognitive problem with epileptics. It’s also found that issues with memory could also be a result of the cause, course, or treatment of epilepsy. Issues with memory have been recorded in higher frequency with children diagnosed with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). There are several studies that claim to show evidence that memory problems exist amongst other epilepsy syndromes, such as frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE), idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) including
In Memento, Leonard Shelby, who is the main character of the story, has an anterograde amnesia due to the damage to his hippocampus. In fact, it does not mention which part of his brain is damaged in the movie, but in my opinion, his medial temporal lobe is impaired because of the deficits in long-term memory. He was attacked by one of the assailants that had broken into his house, and after the incident, his new memory can last only for 10 minutes. Though amygdala is located close to the hippocampus, it can be said that amygdala, which is closely related to emotion, is not impaired from the quote, “Just for revenge. That's what keeps me going. It's all I have” (Memento, Christopher Nolan).
Because of his anterograde amnesia, Mr. Thompson suffered from declarative memory loss; however, his nondeclarative and procedural memories appeared to be preserved. I believe that Mr. Thompson suffered from an impairment of episodic memory and retained his semantic memories because he could reflect common knowledge of the
The brain is dividing into several sections, including the cerebellum, the frontal lobe, and the temporal lobe, among others. The temporal lobe exists in two parts, one on each side of the brain close to the ears. It is largely responsible for the memory system (2). On the medial surface of the temporal lobe there are three important structure that are essential for human functioning. These structures are named, in order from rostral to caudal, the olfactory cortex, the amygdala, and the hippocampus. Together these three structures are referred to as the "limbic system" (1). Their functions became understood after studying how the brain functions upon loss of each structure. For example, in 1953, a patient suffering from epilepsy underwent surgery which removed most of his medial temporal lobe (1). After the surgery, the patient was able to remember who he was and was able to carry out coherent, intelligent conversations. However, if the person with whom he was talking left the room, he would have no
The human brain is utterly baffling. A small organ weighing merely three pounds as an adult has the ability to control and shape a human’s life. Without it there would be nothing. There are so many different functions… and with that there are so many things that can go horribly wrong. It is amazing the capacities and that it possesses and we do not even realize it. That is why studying neurology and working on the treatment of neurological disorders is so critically important. Through the examination of Huntington’s disease, Bell’s Palsy, and Aphasia, neurologists can work to better the human mind and cure the diseases that attack it, which will infinitely enhance the lives of humans and create a brighter future for us all.