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Hills Like White Elephants

Decent Essays

The success of one’s relationship relies on their ability to communicate efficiently. Communication is important in relationships as it allows us to share our interest and concerns with a significant other. Too often, there is a stark conflict between what is said and what is intended. When this happens, both connection and trust are put at risk. This notion is explored through Ernest Hemingway’s 1927 short story ‘Hills like White Elephants’, which focuses on the struggles and hardships between two nameless characters, the American man and a young girl. Hemingway poignantly depicts where language can break down between individuals and how what is unsaid can define and divide individuals. The story explores this theme through the literary conventions …show more content…

In both art and literature, the term realism articulates a message that illustrates a given situation realistically, whereas romanticism illustrates messages by using fiction. This can be seen throughout ‘Hills like White Elephants’ through the juxtaposition of romanticism and realism portrayed throughout the use of metaphor within the conversations between the girl and the American. In Chris Baldick’s 2008 The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, metaphor is defined as “the most widespread figure of speech, in which one thing, idea, or action is referred to by a word or expression normally denoting another thing, idea, or action, so as to suggest some common quality shared by the two” (Baldick, Metaphor). The metaphor is a predominant technique used throughout the short story as the girl uses metaphoric language to express her feelings about perhaps not getting the operation. The girl uses a romanticised view to say “They [the hills] look like white elephants” (Hemingway 219). The metaphor is being used to convey the hills as pure and alive, a positive mindset in relation to not having the operation. The man replies “I’ve never seen one”, which is a clear …show more content…

This is shown in ‘Hills like White Elephants’ through the spatial setting and the repeated threshold images; suggesting the central conflict is on the metaphorical path the American and the girl must take – between getting the operation or not. In the first paragraph of the story, readers are first exposed to the importance of the swift resolution of choosing their metaphorical path. This is made evident when Hemingway writes, “It was very hot and the express from Barcelona would come in forty minutes, it stopped at this junction for two minutes and went on to Madrid” (Hemingway 219). By emphasising the short “forty minutes” then “two minutes”, Hemingway reinforces the importance of that swift resolution that may have a profound impact on their lives. The metaphorical path can also be seen in the beginning of the story, where it says “The hills across the valley of the Ebro were long and white. On this side, there was no shade and no trees and the station was between two lines of the rails in the sun” (Hemingway 219). Not unlike choosing to take one of the train routes, the opposing sides of the tracks being represented are symbolic of light and darkness, which represent the decision of having the operation. The “long and white” side represents life and brightness, symbolic of the choice to not have the operation and to focus on the happiness a child could bring to the couple. The other side of the

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