On 29th May 1453, Ottoman forces rushed through Constantinople (Byzantium), the Christian capital of Rome/Byzantine, attempting to overcome the Byzantine Empire and extend their regime. Whilst a previous attempt between 1390 and 1402 lead to the Battle of Ankara, in which the Ottomans were defeated, and other attempts in 1411 and 1422 were unsuccessful, the Turks overcame the empire, killing the Greek emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos. The Ottoman Empire, a Turkish Empire, reigning 1299-1923, caused the fall of Constantinople, resulting in significant consequences that have heavily influenced the development of our local society as well as on a global scale. As a result of the fall of Constantinople, the Ottoman Empire could expand and spread the Islam religion, the Renaissance period occurred, and there was a noteworthy effect on the city itself.
A geo-political consequence of the
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Originally under the reign of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople was primarily a Greek population, meaning that when the Ottomans overcame the Empire, an influx of Greek scholars, artists and scientists immigrated to Italy. Sharing their knowledge of their own Greek civilization, these scholars largely influenced the beginning of the Renaissance. This view is supported by French historian Voltaire, who in “The Age of Louis XIV”, states that it was the Italian princes who offered asylum to Greek refugees, which constituted the starting point of the renaissance. The Renaissance was a period from the 14th to 17th Century that is considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and Modern History. The period influenced literature, philosophy, art, music, politics, science and other aspects of intellectual inquiry throughout the world. Two well-known Renaissance scholars are Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo. Hence, the fall of Constantinople greatly influenced the occurrence of the
The Renaissance (meaning rebirth) took place in Europe during the period between 14th and 17th century. The epicenter of this movement was Florence, Italy. The Renaissance influenced: the arts, music, literature, politics, religion, technology, and society. The Renaissance was the key in the development of Western Civilization.
The Renaissance occurred in Europe between 1400 and 1600. This event began in Italy during the Medieval period and then expanded to the rest of Europe, marking the start of the Modern age. The Renaissance began in Florence Italy in the 14th century. It was a cultural movement that had an enormous impact in Europe during the early modern period. The Renaissance’s influenced politics, science, literature, art, philosophy, religion, music, and other aspects. Around the 13th century in Italy started the Renaissance’s art influence. Leonardo da Vinci, was known as the "Renaissance man," because of his art masterpieces and his studies in other fields during this time. Italy wasn’t a political concept in the
The Ottoman Empire had many victories until its slow decline at the end of the 16th century. Constantinople, the Byzantine capital falls to the Turks in 1453. In 1526, the Ottomans conquered Hungry in the Battle of Mohacs, but were pushed back in 1529 at Vienna.
The Renaissance was a cultural movement in the 14th to 17th centuries during which European artists, scientists, and scholars, were inspired by classical achievements of the Greeks and Romans. Many scholars believe that the Renaissance was a separate period of time from the Middle Ages, however, some still believe that the Renaissance was just a continuation of the Middle Ages. The Renaissance is a distinct period of time due to the revival of education, scientific discovery and humanism.
After the Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople in 1453, the Islamic government recognized the ecumenical patriarch of that city as both the religious and the political spokesman for the entire Christian population of the empire. With the decline of the Ottoman Empire during the 19th century, the patriarchate of Constantinople, although still retaining its honorary primacy in the Orthodox Church, lost its political power over the other Orthodox churches. With the liberation of the Orthodox peoples from Ottoman rule, a succession of autocephalous churches was then set up in Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, and Serbia.
Constantinople great Christian city that had been seized and controlled by the Muslim Ottoman sultan Mehmed II in 1453. This event marked the final end of the Roman/Byzantine Empire and the ascendency of the Ottoman Empire. The byzantine was a stronghold for Christianity and had ruled for eleven hundred years.
The fall of Constantinople in 1453 was one of the most influential events in history and marked the end of the Byzantine Empire. The main effect of the fall of Constantinople in 1453 was the downfall of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire. The city was mainly populated by Christians and now has become an Islamic city. The capture of Constantinople stated the end of the Roman Empire, which lasted for about one thousand five hundred years. The invasion of the city of Constantinople and the end of the Byzantine Empire marked the end of the Middle Ages.
Constantinople was the newfound Christian capital of the eastern Roman Empire, otherwise known as the Byzantine Empire. Throughout its long history, there have been many different attacks on the religious capital city. Over a period of 1123 years, Constantinople was a solid city controlled by the Byzantines apart some small upsets. Multiple attacks and sieges were attempted to overthrow the city, however, most failed miserably. It wasn’t until 1453 that the city finally fell to the Ottoman Empire. Some victories of the Byzantines may have been caused by a weapon called Greek fire, believed to be invented around the 650’s AD (Groller). The weapon was similar to today’s weapon, napalm.
The Ottoman Empire is almost directly correlated to the decline of Byzantium. The Ottomans had men stationed in nearly 100 forts and 100 castles. Doing this enabled him to maintain pressure on the Christian infidels out east. The Ottoman Empire had not had their own foothold until around 1354, when they got a hold of a peninsula roughly 100 miles southwest of Constantinople. When this was accomplished, it was recognized that the time of the Ottomans conquering Constantinople was edging closer and closer. Using their superiority, intellect and vast numbers the Ottomans attacked the weakest part of the Byzantine defense, the west walls of Constantinople. The Ottoman Empire was very strong and some had seen them as bullies.
The Byzantine Empire, sometimes known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the eastern half of the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), originally founded as Byzantium. It survived the 5th century fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. Both "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" are historiographical terms created after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire
The Byzantine Empire at its peak was the most advanced in its culture, economic structure and military. With its many expanding and contracting moments during its period of growth it was centered around, and a major part of the Roman Empire. It was called the New Rome, and was influenced by Greeks, Romans, and the Roman Catholic Church.(Bauer, 11) It mainly was the purpose of retrieving much of the old Roman Empire. It was located there because it was surrounded by water and had an excellent harbor. The Byzantine Empire withstood a long, treacherous history that ended after 1000 (476 ad-1453 ad) years. 1453 is the
The Fall of Constantinople happened during the Fourth Crusade initiating by Pope Innocent. Despite this new movement, “power struggles within and between Europe and Byzantium drove the Crusaders to divert their mission in order to topple the reigning Byzantine emperor, Alexius III, in favor of his nephew, who became Alexius IV in mid-1203” (HISTORY par 6). Due to Alexius IV’s efforts to succumb the church of Byzantine to Rome, he was strangled to death in 1204. This was the reason why the Crusaders forced warfare, which “The Fourth Crusade ended with the devastating Fall of Constantinople, marked by a bloody conquest, looting and near-destruction of the magnificent Byzantine capital later that year” (HISTORY par 6). During the Final Crusades,
On July 17, 1203 the primary attack of Constantinople began. The Venetian fleet attacked from the ocean side of the city, the Venetian powers of the Crusade attacked the city, which caused substantial amount of damage. The walls of Constantinople had been penetrated and the citizens of the city had surrendered in one day, including the Emperor who fled. The Emperor who escaped with his daughter took, 10,000 gold pieces, other jewels, and couple of people from his court leaving his subjects to survive helplessly against the Crusaders. As the invasion reached its last stages, the Crusaders realized that Constantinople stayed leaderless, and as word spread, the city lost all good surrendered to spare the city from being totally destruction. The
The Renaissance was a rebirth of the ideas of ancient Greece and Rome that began in the City States of Italy during the 14th century. The cultural resurgence began a new style of living in Europe after the horrors of the black death, and is seen as the beginning of the culture of the modern world. As Wassace K. Ferguson put in his book The Renaissance, the Italian artists grew tired of the darkness of Medieval Times and began to turn to the brighter times found in the classical ages (Doc 7). The Renaissance served as the evolutionary bridge between the Middle Ages and the 17th century through art, education, and religion by bringing a rebirth of the ancient Greek and Roman classics that would later define the world’s culture, while continuing the underlying beliefs of Medieval Times.
The city of Constantinople was the center of the Christian Church, the trade capital of the Roman Empire, and was ruled by Constantine II until it fell to the Muslims. This city was looked upon by Europe as the strongest city there is because of the major walls surrounding it and the private harbor. The war by the Muslims to gain Constantinople was very influential and there are many major historical aspects from before, during and after war.