The tale The Kingdom of Matthias by Paul E. Johnson and Sean Wilentz, encompasses several prominent themes and events of 19th century United States. The Second Great Awakening was such a time; it was a period of spiritual resurgence that eventually altered the character of American religion. The Kingdom of Matthias poses serious accusations of Christianity as a religion. The Market revolution of the 19th century dramatically shifted commerce as well as the daily life of Americans, especially regarding the introduction and use of better transportation. Innovative forms of transport allowed for faster transit, therefore, it allowed persons to travel from place to place much more efficiently. Amidst the growth of this nation there is an ever-present …show more content…
This surge of spiritual awakening brought some to question religion, specifically Christianity. In the years before the “Kingdom”, Robert Matthews “began putting it about that he was no Christian at all…He was in actuality, a prophesying Hebrew.”(Johnson, 64). This marked the beginning of his decent into the cult he called ‘The Kingdom of Matthias’. The Second Great Awakening marked a constitutional conversion of American religion. Many early groups put emphasis on the corruption of human beings, believing they could be saved only through the grace of God. These groups formed as instruments of reform, in reaction to urban growth and industrialization. However, it also put emphasis on the human ability to better their positions, thus creating amore optimistic view of humans and the human condition. Robert Matthews, now called Matthias, delivered a number of sermons regarding the path to forgiveness and just how he, being Matthias, would cast judgment upon all. “In short, Matthias would damn the enemies of the Jews – above all, the meek Christian devils and their disobedient women.” (Johnson, …show more content…
In the United States in the 19th century women were expected to act in a particular manner and were destined to fill a certain sphere of society apart from men. Men being expected to live a public life, whether it was work or socializing with other men, while women were expected to live mostly at home, taking charge of the household and rearing children. Education was not portrayed as a necessity either; very few women were given the same opportunities as men. The Kingdom of Matthias presents this theme of sexism in many instances, and in addition, it served as a base for “The Kingdom”. Matthias was seen by some as a “woman-hating Prophet,” (Johnson, 101), this was seen repeatedly in both his treatment of women and his general thoughts of them. When speaking at his nightly meetings, in the days before ‘The Kingdom’, he stated, “Every thing that has the smell of woman will be destroyed. Woman is the cap sheaf of the abomination of desolation – full of all deviltry.” (Johnson, 93). This is but one of his many declarations against the entirety of
Nathan Hatch compares the Second Great Awakening to the Jacksonian era. He states that the men trying to persuade other people to join their religion was like tyrants trying to get people to follow them. That just like the beginning stages of the revolution, this was a time of power struggle for religious leaders. Hatch writes ‘These movements
In the 1800s a Market Revolution began, changing the way in which America operated and in the midst of all that was a Second Great Awakening, causing people to once again, question their religious beliefs and practices. Paul Johnson and Sean Wilentz tell the story of Robert Matthews, or the Prophet Matthias and his followers. Matthias had an unconventional childhood, he became an orphan at a young age and was raised by church elders. He worked under one of the elders to learn the carpenter’s craft. He easily found work but had trouble keeping it because he was always preaching at his fellow workers about their sinful ways. Matthias was eager to make good but continually fell into misfortunes, “which led him on a prolonged and erratic religious journey” (49). The Kingdom of Matthias gained and lost members, had changes in beliefs, and was full of ever changing marriages. Although looking back on it now, Matthias’s messages and beliefs seem almost laughable, but at they time his followers found his message, ministry, and lifestyle very compelling.
The Second Great Awakening laid the foundations of the development of present-day religious beliefs and establishments, moral views, and democratic ideals in the United States. Beginning back in late eighteenth century and lasting until the middle of the nineteenth century,1 this Protestant awakening sought to reach out the un-churched and bring people to a much more personal and vivid experience of Christianity. Starting on the Southern frontier and soon spreading to the Northeast, the Second Great Awakening has also been associated as a response against the growing liberalism in religion - skepticism, deism, and rational Christianity.2 Although the movement is well-known to be
(Ulrich p. 5) Her research clearly establishes that despite the hierarchal and patriarchal nature of their society, women during this time contributed in essential and complex ways not only to their households and their communities, but the story of women is a central and crucial part of our American history. Ulrich supports her thesis by showing women adeptly performed any job necessary that benefited the family including that of deputy husband; “women played a central part in the communications network” which connected neighborhoods; women controlled sexual behavior; women engaged in and controlled significant trade; women exercised “considerable influence in the churches” and “enlarged the meaning of their own lives” as Christians; and women demonstrated heroic qualities “in the face of hardships of
The book “Kingdom of Matthias” portrays women as subjugates of men whom live to serve household chores and function as a house-wife. The characters Isabella Van Wagenen and Isabella Matthews Laisdell were both portrayed as servants to their owners and property of their husbands. Gender plays a key role in the nineteenth century as women had no free choice of how they can live their lives as society had placed them in the role of house servant. I believe that women today have better opportunities in pursuing careers and jobs as Professor Fahs describes a working women during this time was “unheard of” for it could threaten the masculinity of a husband which would ruin the relationship of a marriage (Fahs 1/5). Also, the motherhood of women was important during this time because many men were busy working and could not raise the children so
The Kingdom of Matthias, written by Paul E. Johnson and Sean Wilentz, examines the story of the self proclaimed prophet Matthias, formerly known as Robert Matthews. They tell the story of how Matthias built his kingdom based on his religious beliefs related to the Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that took place during the early nineteenth century. During this time period women played the role as the caregivers who stayed at home with the children while their husbands were out working. However, it wasn’t until the Second Great Awakening that women began to play a more dominant role in society, especially in the church. Matthias was one of the main people who was directly impacted by the effects of the Second Great Awakening and the power it gave to women. Throughout Matthias’ life he had numerous troubles with women and this continued to show throughout the reign of his kingdom. Johnson and Wilentz saw that the empowerment of women in the Second Great Awakening was a factor in the demise of Matthias’ demise Kingdom. Matthias refuses the ideas of the Second Great Awakening by making sure that women in his kingdom are subordinate and condemns those who are not. [inserts thesis statement]
In essence, Matthias was an infamous misogynous. Matthias was a religious man as he moved from one denomination to the next, however with this being said it showed no effect on how he treated women. “Degenerated into a nightmare of wife-beating and child abuse.”(Johnson and Wilentz) These “nightmares” changed his attitude in his adult life into the way he ruled his kingdom. In one of his sermons Matthias said that “Women is the cap sheaf of abomination of desolation – full of deviltry”, and “All women are not obedient, had better become so soon as possible, and let the wicked spirit depart, and become vessels of truth.” (Johnson and Wilentz). Matthias is clearly denouncing the progression of women that was being made in the Nineteenth century and how he saw women in the group he had made. To add more to Matthias’ beliefs, he only saw women as items for sexual actions and for them to fulfill their positions as wives for cooking, washing, and taking
In The Kingdom of Matthias by Paul E. Johnson and Sean Wilentz, the story follows the life of a man named Robert Matthews, who later bestows the name of Matthias (“The Prophet”) to himself. This book demonstrates important themes (and events) that are prevalent in the 19th century United States, including the War of 1812, the Market Revolution, the Second Great Awakening, and more. More specifically, this story communicates and reflects an exaggerated view of those subjects and how it affected Robert Matthews and Elijah Pierson. The American society during this time was going through many advancements, including having a market-driven culture and the movement of women’s independence. In The Kingdom of Matthias, these ideas are obvious through the actions of Matthias and how he despised the changes in society and culture. His actions including treating women poorly, attempting to start his own religious cult, and his fits of rage and insanity (which I believe are due mental illnesses and stress). These changes in society caused a negative shift in many people’s lives, including Robert Matthews/Matthias and Elijah Pierson; who also plays a key role in the story of the cult, the “Kingdom.” Once more, in The Kingdom of Matthias, it demonstrates many important U.S. themes of the 19th century in an exaggerated manner.
In this era the trade of tobacco and sugar became popular, and behind this was the work of a large number of slaves, because they wouldn’t do the work for themselves. During the Great Awakening Americans became extremely religious, religion were becoming more and more religious as the time passed. Religion was more diverse than it was in Europe.
The novel The Kingdom of Matthias, A Story of Sex and Salvation in 19th-Century America, written by Paul E. Johnson and Sean Wilentz. This book is filled with many controversial themes that relate to the culture during the Jackson Era, such as religion, economy, and gender roles. The book depicts women as inferior towards men, and keeps men at the top of the hierarchy. The main character Robert Matthews (Matthias) was born in a small farming village in 1788. Matthias grew up in a very strict religious based society. Men held all authority in their community as well as the church. Women in this patriarchy society had one job and that was to take care of the household. Including; cooking and preparing meals, nurturing and raising
“The Kingdom of Matthias” by Paul E. Johnson and Sean Wilentzn tells about a man named Robert Matthews, the main character, who eventually will turn himself into the “Matthias.” This book tells about his journey, and his followers throughout the years. In The United States, there are thousands of different churches, smaller denominations and non-western religions. Our country is based on religion and peoples beliefs.
Initially, America did not have a Christian foundation in the sense of creating a theocracy. However, it was shaped by Christian moral truths, and the forefathers created a hospitable environment that supported this religion. The relationship linking the state and religion grew strong as most of the people in the nation became Christians. This research paper outlines how Christianity came to be one of the major religions in the United States of America.
Henry Kraus states that it suited the Church's position to label women as a seductive creature in order to combat a "woman's terrible attractiveness," as "the wisest of males were helpless before their wiles. " Moreover, women were not allowed to be alone with church
The Bible, which is composed of sacred collections of writings, has endured quite its share of allegations, controversies, and criticisms. One prevailing claim that has been made in opposition to the Bible is the portrayal of Biblical women as subordinate to their male counterparts. Undeniably, depthless reading of specific verses in the Bible can be portrayed as representing inequality among gender. Nonetheless, the Bible is not meant for depthless reading that only skims the surface. Thoughtful and critical reading is needed to truly grasp the nature of the Bible. If one takes this approach, it is clear to see that the Bible does not regard women in a subordinate light to their male equivalents,
Women played an important role in the work and worship of the first century churches. In Paul’s letters he portrays women as equals to men. Paul’s ideas were to renew a community of God’s people; including all races, sexes, and religious backgrounds. While some people will argue that Paul is all for the equality of women, others say that he is misogynistic. Some things that were written may sound harsh to our ears in today’s society; however, when considering the era that these letters were written in, most of the things that were written would not have been taken in a bad way.