Introduction to Biological Anthropology Exam 1 Name: Sean Cook Short Answer: Answer each question in a few sentences, as specifically as possible. Remember to use appropriate terminology and answer all parts of the question. (5pts each) 1. How did Thomas Malthus inspire Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection? Define natural selection. Thomas Malthus stated that the human population would eventually decrease significantly. His reasoning was that there would be a scarcity of food and other vital resources, leaving only the fittest of the species to survive. These “fittest” of the species would then pass on their traits to their offspring. Darwin used this is a firm foundation for his natural selection theory. Natural selection is the idea that the organisms that are the best suited for the environments they live in, are able to survive and pass on their genetic traits with huge success to the next generations of said organism. 2. What’s the difference between a stem cell and a differentiated cell? Give an example. Why are stem cells important in science? The difference between stem cells and a differentiated cell is the fact that stem cells have the ability to become any kind of cell once they are more developed. Differentiated cells already have a purpose set for them and will fulfill that one purpose once they have developed and matured fully. Stem cells are basically cells that haven’t differentiated yet. Stem cells are important to science because of their
The most persistent theory written by Thomas Malthus in 1798 regarding population growth and the effects on humanity, which is rather ironic as it has a almost lack of connection to the actual history of humanity and its population growth. In 100CE the population of the Earth was estimated to be under one billion people, roughly at 200 million people, following on almost 2 millennia later to 1800CE the population had seen a mere growth to approximately 800 million. During this time Malthus wrote a piece regarding the slow growth in population and why this was rate was the way things would be for the rest of human life. He put forward that the limits of human population growth are due to
Natural selection is the process in which heritable traits that make it more likely for organisms to survive and successfully reproduce become more common in a population over successive generations. Each of us individuals is specifically shaped and formed by our own genetic pattern. We inherit this pattern half from are mother and half from are father. The cause of this is the proximate cause that led it’s phenotype to ultimate causes. Much of we know today about evolution derives from the late great pioneer, Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin was an english naturalist that even from an early age was very interested in outdoor pursuits. Early in his prep career his father tried sending him to the University of Edinburg to pursue his medical
Stem cells are important for two reasons: One, stem cells have a unique ability as unspecialized cells to replicate themselves for long periods of time. And two, under certain “physiological and experimental conditions” the unspecialized cells can mature into a specified cell with special functions states CNN in Stem Cells Fast Facts. Embryonic
Along with Auguste Comte, another influential philosopher and scientist was Charles Darwin. Darwin presented the idea of natural selection and evolution in the 19th century. Darwin said that variations within a specific species will kill off the weaker members will die off and the stronger members will survive, based on Malthus' theory that population will always outgrow the amount of supplies.
A stem cell is defined as a cell that can change into a different type of cell. Stem cells are different from other cells because from the start they do not have specialized functions. Embryonic stem cells are found within the blastocyst (embryo), which is just a tiny package of
Stem cells are a type of cell that basically always divide in order to replace other cells in the body. They are different from normal cells because once they have first divided into a new stem cell, they can become another type of cell, such as a muscle cell or blood cell, tissue, or they can continue being a stem cell. They also can remain inactive for a period of time, yet they can still divide into new cells whenever they are needed.
Stem cells are cells that are found throughout the human body. They reproduce over a long period of time without changing. Stem cells can produce specialized cells, such as brain, muscle or lung cells. Stem cells in the last few years have recently made a big debut because medical professionals have discovered so many unique qualities to stem cells. They are on the cutting edge of medicine because of all their uses and the qualities that make them so unique from any other cell in the body. Stem cells have the power to make so many breakthroughs in the medical world. Medical researchers have all ready found so many ways that stem cells can be used for the better of so many people. Genes play an important role in determining what genetic traits or mutations we receive. Researching stem cells can help determine this. Stem cell research is useful for learning many things about human development and about how the body has the power to repair itself. Researchers are finding new ways each day that stem cells can be used and the possibilities that they find for stem cells could be endless. A few ways they can be used to treat diseases, be used as graphs for burn victims or surgical use, and even to correct birth defects. The pros of stem cells are limitless.
Stem cells possess unique properties that make them different from all other cells in the body. Most cells do not have the ability to replicate where stem cells have the potential to multiply indefinitely. Before they have a specific function in the body, stem cells are essentially blank slates. There are two basic types of stem cells, which have different empirical properties and ethical implications.
When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell. Cells can be extracted from the embryo and are then differentiated into any cell the scientist wishes.
Stem cells are different from normal cells because they don't have a specific type. They can become any cell. Since now a days many organs are in high demand and a matter of life or death for some people, it is important for medical research.
Today, what I would like to talk about is stem cells, which is a kind of the most important cells because it is a foundation for the development and growth of other lots of different cell types. There are many other tissues they are working with internal repair system and they also can divide necessarily for supplement to other cells if they are still alive. But, the condition is different of stem cell, which has two major functions compare with other cell types, remaining a stem cell continually or transforming to other cells that have specialized functions like bone marrow cells, and they can divide and renew by themselves for a long time. Today, there are two main stem cells are used by scientists with many different ways: embryonic stem
Another reason why we need stem cells is because they replace damaged cells. Stem cells coordinate the repair of infected or damaged cells, so if we did not have stem cells, basic illnesses or injuries could prove fatal. Sometimes our bodies do not contain enough stem cells to fight off a particular infection. In these cases, it would be beneficial to have the ability to offer stem cell transplants. Both types of stem cells can be used for transplants, but adult stem cells would offer a safer option.
Stem cells are unique cells because of their special features. First of all, they are able to regenerate themselves through the process of cell division. Each time this process happens, each new cell created can become another type of cell. Secondly, if they undertake some conditions, they can become tissue and organ cells. There are two main types of stem cells that are being looked today, embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells (Also known as somatic stem cells). However, all stem cells have three main functions.
Stem cells are cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells. They have the potential to develop into several different types of cells within the body during early life and growth. When a stem cell divides, they can either remain a stem cell or become another type of specialized cell (NIH, n.d.). Scientists use these cells because they give them the opportunity to "engineer" stem cells for use in transplants or disease treatments. For example, before scientists can use any kind of tissue, organ, or cell for transplantation, they must make sure that the patient’s immune system does not reject the transplant. In the future, however, scientists may be able to change stem cells by using
Charles Darwin broached the theory of natural selection in his book the Origin of Species, which has been considered the basis of evolutionary biology to this day. Natural selection is when populations of a species evolve over the course of many generations. Darwin believed that species were not created separately, but instead, species were derived from one another. In other words, the evolution of species creates many variations among creatures, and this is because all of those species came from a common ancestor, and characteristics changed to increase the species chance of survival.