How Does Temperature Affect The Activity Of An Enzyme

Temperature: Temperature is an extremely important variable to consider, as it can affect the rate of reaction in a number of ways. If the temperature of a system is increased, more molecules will reach the activation energy and the rate of reaction will increase. The number of collisions will also increase. As enzymes must collide with substrates, an increase in temperature and thus kinetic energy will result in more collisions occurring in a given time. Increasing the temperature will also increase the heat of the molecules.

Enzymes are biological catalyst, meaning that it increases the rate of reaction without contributing to the reaction or being used up. The amount in which the enzyme increases the rate of reaction is known as CATALYTIC ACTIVITY. An example of an enzyme is amylase, which convert starch into maltose (amylase is found in saliva). Furthermore, enzymes have specific jobs in which allow control different chemical reactions, hence why there are thousands of different enzymes in the human body.

Temperature has a negative and positive effect on enzymes. As the temperature increases from 0 to 40 degrees (See Fig 2) the movement of the enzyme and substrate quicken and will bind more often.But, as the temperature increase from 40 degrees the enzyme and substrate slow and cannot bind as quick and therefore at 63 degrees production stops.

Enzymes are an essential aspect of our lives. They are catalysts that speed up the chemical reactions inside cells, or the process of metabolic reactions, from the synthesis of DNA down to the digestion of food in our bodies. Enzymes allow cells to grow and reproduce, as stated in the Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2 ed.) (Smith, 1997). Enzymes are proteins made from amino acids that are activated by ATP and other energy carriers. All chemical reactions start out as reactants and end up as products. In order for all reactions to be completed, activation energy must be created. Some reactions take more activation energy than other reactions do. Most chemical reactions in cells require enzymes in order to transpire quickly enough to endure life. Without the enzymes to shorten the activation energy needed to complete a reaction, life would not exist.

The overall impact of this study helps understand how temperature affects enzyme activity, and it is apparent that changes in temperature do have an effect on the enzyme catalase. The results obtained in the experiment a give increased insight in the role of enzymes in the human body. The chicken liver is similar to the human liver, and it is clear that catalase works at an optimum temperature of 22°C. This is important because humans maintain a stable body temperature of 37 °C, and with the aid of enzymes this temperature provides enough activation energy for metabolic reactions, in this case the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen gas and liquid water. The difference in the two living organisms is 15 C. A possible weakness in this study

There are numerous chemical reactions that occur within cells, most of these reactions would occur at a slower rate or would not occur at all if there were no catalysts present within cells. Enzymes are biological catalysts that are a type of protein which aims to accelerate chemical reactions in the body. This occurs without adjusting the resulting product that is formed and without being used up in the reaction. Therefore, the amount of enzyme within the cell stays consistent. Enzymes enable many reactions in a cell and are present in only small amounts; they are proteins that are comprised of a unique sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain which causes it to compose a specific three-dimensional shape.

Temperature can alter enzymatic function and it can either increase or decrease the rate of reaction. When temperature is increased, the kinetic energy of molecules, like in water, will also increase. This would mean that there are more collisions between water molecules. Increasing the temperature will increase the rate of reaction and will push the reaction to the right, forming more products. The system can reach optimum temperature, which is the temperature at which the rate of reaction is the highest. When we forego the optimum temperature, enzyme activity begins to decrease.

Heat effects the enzyme activity by speeding up the reaction and/ or completely denatures the enzyme. When the yeast and hydrogen peroxide mixture was put into the 80 degree C, the amount of O2 mL evolved constantly stayed at 0 ml for the complete 10 minutes contrary to the room temperature water in which the amount of O2 evolved increased by about an average of 7 mL for about 6 minutes and then increase by about 1-2 mL. An enzyme denatures with high temperature because heat changes the shape of the active site permanently which causes the enzyme to cease function. On the other hand, a colder temperature will slow the down the enzyme reaction. In 2.4 degree C solution, the amount of 02 evolved by about 1-3 mL every 30 seconds and by 6 min

: Enzymes are made up of proteins and their function is mainly determined by their structure. The primary structure of an enzyme is determined by the sequence of amino acids. The secondary structure is based on the folding of the primary structure. Lastly, the tertiary structure is based on the folding of the secondary structure and its interactions of the side chains. The purpose of an enzyme is to speed up chemical reactions in a cell. Temperature is a factor that affects enzyme activity because as temperature increases the enzyme reaction increases too. Also, pH levels also play a role in affecting enzyme activity. Very high or very low pH levels can result in the loss of enzyme activity. For an enzyme to maintain activity it needs to be

In this graph we can see, when the temperature is high, the rate of the reaction also increases, but when temperature is too high it denatures the enzyme. In this case enzyme’s activity is changing with increasing the temperature and by this the reacting molecules have more kinetic energy and they move faster and they have a better chance to collide. There is a specific temperature at which enzyme’s activity is the best, and this is known as (Optimum) and this temperature is 37 C (Human body temperature). After this point the temperature continue increasing, the rate of the reaction decrease and the enzyme denature (when the enzyme loses its original shape), this is the cause that enzyme stop working as it cannot bind to the substrate.

Enzymes are important to cells because they allow both the making and the breaking up of bonds. This would happen naturally and over time, but cells do not have the time to wait years, sometimes hundreds, for that to happen. With the use of enzymes, such tasks can take less than a second. This happens because enzymes are catalysts, and are able to speed up reactions. Enzymes, remaining unaffected by the process of catalysis, can continue to perform their function multiple times.

Two factors that interfere with the process of enzyme activity are different temperatures and pH changes. The reason behind that is because they are environmental changes. There are also

Enzymes are biological molecules that act out as catalysts. They help in providing alternative reaction pathways which lower the activation energy needed to form chemical reactions, in doing so this accelerates biomedical reactions and helps the living systems perform metabolic processes in the cell at optimal levels.

Several factors affect the rate of an enzymatic reaction. This includes temperature and substrate concentration. Normally, increasing temperature increases the rate of reaction; however, when the environment gets too hot, the enzyme will begin to denature (the breakdown of a protein out of its 3 dimensional shape. When the enzyme loses its shape, it also loses its function.) Also, substrate concentration has a direct relationship with an enzymatic reaction. Generally, the greater the substrate concentration the higher rate of a reaction until it reaches its maximum, then it will remain at the constant rate.

Enzymes are proteins that are in every living organism. Cells need them to survive and to function. Enzymes are catalysts that help to speed up the rate of reactions that otherwise would take longer periods of time to occur. However they do not change during the reaction. A chain of amino acids forms them. There are over a hundred different enzymes in the human body. Each enzyme is responsible for a certain reaction that occurs in the cell. For instance, the enzymes in our stomach cut food into small enough particles so it can be converted into energy, which our bodies will later use. Without enzymes human wouldn 't be able to breathe, eat, drink or digest food. There are 3 main types of enzymes: metabolic enzymes, food enzymes and digestive enzymes. Metabolic enzymes exist throughout your whole body from your organs to your blood to inside your bones. This enzyme is essential for the growth of new cells and maintaining new tissue. Food enzymes exist in raw food. However if the raw food is cooked the high temperature that is involved in cooking the food will destroy the enzyme. The organs in our bodies make digestive enzymes. This enzyme plays a major role in digestion. When we eat raw food we don 't need additional enzymes because the raw food already contains them. If we eat a salad than there are enzymes in the salad that help break