A Changing Time
The 1960s in the United States of America were a time of great change for politics and society. From the presidential elections of Democratic Party leaders, John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson, to the African American and black empowerment movements, to the feminist and hippie subcultures, America began to actively seek out change in both the society and government. Many of the civil rights movements saw their strongest accomplishments forward during this era. However, despite Americans becoming more open to the idea of change and equality, many groups of the time had clashing ideals set for the new society.
In his inaugural speech in 1961, John F. Kennedy explicates, “the world is very different now,” (725). To many young
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Both had led black Americans through extremist ways but through separate ideologies. To Martin Luther King Jr., non-violence was the route to being heard by the government. In his letter addressed to ministers demanding him to cease his demonstrations, King penned, “Non-violent direct actions seeks to create such a crisis…creative tension that a community has…forced to confront the issue,” (743). Sit-ins and protest on streets were able to grab the attention of neighborhoods, cities and government officials. The direct measures of protest were creating an actual impact in the civil rights movement. Further with time however, MLK’s movement went from nonviolent pacifism to a more radical movement, quite opposite from Malcolm X. In Martin Luther King Jr.’s letter, he also notes that, “freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed,” (743). When promises came back empty, Malcolm X stepped in to guide lead the way in his separatist movement. His fight called for a more direct approach to getting the civil rights that black Americans deserved. X called upon his brothers and sisters, telling them to realize that because of such segregation in America, “being born in America doesn't make you an American,” (750) since the government does not fairly protect them as a people, just as the Constitution states. To Malcolm X, the unfairness that is felt in the country should be fought by re-evaluating their own community; there is no need for the white oppressors to bring them up from their level. His separatist movement resonated throughout many black communities in the US and eventually created a very strong Black Nationalist movement that would, in hopes, bring them their liberties as
Dr. King focuses heavily on peaceful demonstrating. "Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred," (King). In contrast to Malcolm X and other civil rights activists of the times, Dr. King was much more diplomatic in his protests. Instead of inciting violence, he demands, ."..meeting physical force with soul force," (King).
Malcolm X was essential to the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960’s. Malcolm felt that Black people in America should do whatever it took to receive the same rights as white people. In his powerful speeches, he told African Americans to fight back when attacked by white people. In one of his speeches he said, “Be peaceful, be courteous, obey the law, respect everyone; but if
Malcolm X used violence as a way to get more black rights and to hopefully lead up to black supremacy. Dr. Martin L King Jr used non violence protesting as a way to symbol that people standing up for their rights are not wrong or barbaric, but the people who are stopping these nonviolent protests look bad because there is no physical harm being done. Malcolm X states, “This is why I say it’s the ballot or the bullet. It’s liberty or it’s death” (The Ballot or the Bullet). This describes Malcolm X warning that if black people are not allowed suffrage and other rights, then there is going to be violence and death involved to have those rights granted. Malcolm X is showing that he is not afraid to have a violent revolution if there has to be one. Dr. King however states, “We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, we must ride to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force” (I Have A Dream). Martin Luther King Jr is trying to persuade others that a violent protest will only hurt, not help in getting equality and that a peaceful, powerful protest will ensure smoother integration and peace. Dr. King is promoting the opposite of Malcolm X by saying peace is power whereas Malcolm X is trying to bring forth the
The 1960s was a wild decade all around the world. It was a time of change, the "baby boom" generation was reaching adulthood, the culture of the time promoted sex, drugs and rock and roll, and civil rights issues were tearing the United States of America apart. Three major civil rights issues nearly tore the nation apart in the 1960s. Desegregation of the public school system had the end result of integrating black and white children into the same school. New Black Nationalism began to demand economic justice and legal equality and they would fight for it at any cost. Those struggles made by African-Americans gave other groups the inspiration to protest for what they thought was right. Affirmative Action which was brought in the 1960s as a
During the 1960s, a number of movements of oppressed or underrepresented groups in American society emerged protesting the discrimination they experienced. The democratic ideals they advocated for were not limited to more voting rights as underrepresented minorities, but also included social and economic justice so they could serve as fully functional members of society. In doing so, the leaders of each movement tackled the advocation of their rights in varying manners, based largely on their beliefs and the objectives of the movement they were involved with. Some people believe each all protest movements of the 1960s sought to redefine American democracy to similar or identical levels. However, both ethnic minority groups and women sought
During the civil rights movement, the people (African American) and theirs leaders use different methods or approaches to achieve their goal, but I will focus on DR Martin Luther King JR and Malcolm X philosophies towards the “role of violence”. DR King and Malcolm X are two black men living in America when black people are treated and considered inferior human race. They are actually second class citizens in their own country. Although Dr King and Malcolm X goals are the same, but their method or approach towards achieving it are drastically different. Dr King believed that to work against injustice, one must develop a nonviolent frame of mind to achieve that because differences cannot be settled through violence. I think that
The date read January 20, 1961 on the front page of the Washington Times. As I tossed my newspaper onto my bureau and stood in the mirror, I shifted my tie back and forth, repeating; “the world is very different now” (“Inaugural Address” 1). These were the words I would present in my inaugural address just hours away. I have ideas-- principles that will change lives, views that will transform a nation, and philosophies that will evoke peace in today’s modern world. I will strive for my fellow Americans to “ask not what your country can do for you--but what you can do for your country” (1). I am John Fitzgerald Kennedy, a Harvard graduate, a Navy man, a former Congressman, a Senator, and now the 35th United States President. I will drive
Martin Luther King and Malcolm X both participate in civil disobedience acts, such as protests against slavery althought they had somewhat different orientations on protesting. The King claimed that passifism is useless and would only create more injustice coming from the government and violence should not take place during protests, because violence never brings any benefit, but only scares the citizens and loses its authority from the government. So he supports the non-violence movements. On the contrary, Malcolm X suggests that if blacks are treated unjustly, they should react like any normal intelligent human beings would do--fight back. To say the least thus, the common question whether one must obey the laws is increasingly imortant during the periods of unjust
In 1960, America went through a massive social and political battle, similar to the 1920’s. The purpose of the social change was to shed the strict and controlling ways of the generation before them. This new generation preached for peace while they fought desperately for equality. The most important two groups fighting were the feminists and the Civil Rights activist.
The Civil Rights Movement that occurred in both Africa and America saw the emergence of two very powerful leaders and there were fundamental philosophical ideological differences between ideas propagated by them. Highly influenced by non-violence of Mahatma Gandhi of India, Luther realized that resisting violence was a very potent non-physical weapon of protestation. He believed that the mind backed by its emotion and passion is as provocative and thought compelling as physical movement. Malcolm X never differed from the purpose of achieving freedom of Luther. But he highly suspected whether non violence could attain it without being interpreted as poor people’s defenseless mechanism of action. He said that the wiping out of white violence
These changes have helped optimize the daylight hours and effectively shorten the winter season by about five weeks. However, for some Americans, this is not enough. They want the time change to be abolished altogether. Since 2015, lawmakers from Idaho, New Mexico, Alaska, and California have tried to introduce bills to remove DST believing it disrupts both businesses and individuals. However, none of the proposals have received the approval of the respective state legislators.
From mini skirts to the March on Washington, the 1960s was no doubt one of most prominent decades in American history. It was full of change and discovery with post war baby boomers growing into teenagers and young adults. The 1960s was an era of protest, where many civil rights movements took place. Along side the protest were the once baby boomers, now teens discovering themselves and where they belong. Many experimenting with LSD and marijuana while others got up danced to rock and roll. The roles of families took a turn in the mid to late 1960s, women wanted more for themselves and many pursued their once forgotten dreams while others entered the workforce. The 1960s was a decade of change. The changes in society began with political movements that impacted the future of American
First and foremost, Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were leaders who conducted protests and other forms. They had different views on many topics, such as integration and violence. For example, King believed that violence would not help anything, while Malcolm X thought otherwise. He believed violence would show as a way of self-protection. “It is dangerous to organize a movement around self-defense, The line separating defensive violence and aggressive violence is very thin. The minute a program of violence is enunciated, even for self-defense, the atmosphere is filled with talk of violence,” King states in the Digital History chapter. (Chapter 6: Martin Luther King and Malcolm X on Violence and Integration. This proves how even
On January 20, 1961, the newly elected president at the time, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, delivered his iconic inaugural address not only to American citizens, but to people listening around the world. In a time when the globe was in a heap of conflict and drama, America and the world were in need of leadership, inspiration, and clear direction. In order to motivate his people towards a better future under his presidency, Kennedy gave a powerful speech formally introducing himself to the world, outlining his plans for the next four years, and especially encouraging the American people to work and be optimistic for the coming years. He employed lots of rhetorical appeals while making many promises and plans about the future to inspire and encourage
It was a snowy morning of many firsts – first inaugural address televised in color, first election of a candidate under 45 years of age, and first presidential appointment with a mere 100,000 vote margin of victory. On January 20, 1961, at the age of 43, John F. Kennedy stepped in front of the American people to deliver his inaugural address. As the 35th president of the United States, JFK became the leader of the country during a tremulous time. Americans, just rising from the anguish of World War II and the Korean War, were now facing the threats of the Vietnam War and Cold War. All this violence instilled fear in the minds of the nation. In addition to external threats, the Civil Rights Movement was gaining momentum within the country, stirring sentiments of national dissatisfaction. Many Americans, anxious and conflicted, hesitated when a young, “unexperienced” President just barely won office. JFK’s awareness of the significance of this address lead him to successfully harness his youthfulness and redirect it as a means to invigorate the American people. On that winter morning, Kennedy succeeded in his goal to increase America’s confidence, both in himself and in the country, by engaging the public with his language and imagery, cultivating feelings of empowerment and calls to action, as he conveyed his messages not solely through words but also through visions.