Namibia fiscal regimes Fiscal Analysis
Mabel Nwokolo
2016
1. INTRODUCTION
Namibia is found in the southern region of Africa. Initially ignored by international petroleum companies. However, in recent times has been called as one of the last frontiers of oil and gas exploration.
Namibia is a democratic state that has a multi-party system of government.
The executive, judiciary and legislative powers comprises of Namibia system of government.
The Namibian oil and gas industry is supervised and monitored by the legislative.
Find below the list of Namibia regulatory Law:
• Petroleum (Exploration and Production) Act, 1991 (Act 2 of 1991);
• Petroleum Taxation Act, 1991 (Act 3 of 1991);
• Petroleum Laws Amendment Act, 1998 (Act 24 of 1998); and the
• Model Petroleum Agreement (MPA), 2007
Namibia has a total population of 2.3million (from 2015 census record), Land area of about 823290km2, with Gross domestic product (GDP) of 13.11Billion USD (2015) and GDP per Capita of 5693.13USD.
The figure below shows the Map of Namibia, its location in Africa and acreage states.
NAMCOR OVERVIEW
NAMCOR – Established under the Petroleum Act known as Exploration and Production Act of 1991. As an SOE of the ministry of Mines and Energy, they are allowed to participate across the value chain.
NAMCOR duties include:
Vehicle for participation in the petroleum industry on behalf of the GRN
Technical Advisory Services to the Ministry
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One of the most important developments in American history is the formation of the two party system. Since Jefferson and Hamilton fought for the support of the nation, American politics has been characterized by the battle between two ideologies. The split between Americans began with the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties. The Federalists, led by Hamilton, believed in a national bank, high tariffs, good relations with Britain, and were strong proponents of northern business. The Democratic-Republicans, led by Jefferson and Madison, were against a national bank, favored relations with the French revolutionaries, desired an economy based on southern agriculture, and championed states rights. The differences between the two parties
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The Himba tribe, approximately 12,000 to 18,000 people, can be found in the Kunene region, which borders Namibia and Angola. Living in the harsh environment of a semi-arid savanna divided by rocky terrain of Northwestern Namibia, the people live a pastoral, nomadic life for as long as 200 to 300 years. The Himba are a resilient band of people who sustain themselves from the product of their herds. However, since the rise of SWAPO (South West Africa People’s Organization) to power after Namibia’s independence in 1990, the Himba’s land has been on the risk modernization through the development of a proposed Epupa dam. In the recent decades, SWAPO became known for its human right violations particularly its marginalization of the Himba and its neighboring tribes. The Namibian government is insensitive to the traditional life of the Himba people. Due to Namibian’s broken legal system, the government has no political incentive to acknowledge the legal rights of the Himba over the Kunene region. (Jacobsohn, 1995) The Namibian government views the Himba to be traditional and in need of development. (Friedman, 2006) This paper will discuss the following factual circumstances surrounding the nexus between SWAPO and the Himba: the past and present changes that occurred in the Himba community because of contact, background history of the relations between the Himba and SWAPO, overview of the proposed Epupa Falls dam and its possible consequences, and the Himba’s response to the