It was common in the early 20th century, dipped in the middle of the century and has sharply risen in recent years — a pattern that roughly mirrors income inequality in the United States, according to research by Robert Mare, a sociologist at the University of California, Los Angeles. People are now more likely to marry people with similar educational attainment — even after controlling for differences between men and women like the fact that women were once less likely to attend college. Even though the typical husband still makes more than his wife, the marital pay gap among opposite¬sex couples has shrunk significantly in the decades since women started entering the work force en masse. That’s up from 52 percent in 1970. In opposite¬sex marriages in which both spouses work some amount of time, 29 percent of wives earn more than their husbands do, up from 23 percent in …show more content…
The marriage pay gap varies by education, profession and class. People were least likely to marry those with similar educational backgrounds around the 1950s, according to Mr. Mare’s research,when people married very young. Using census data from 1970 to 2000, they analyzed the choices people made in so ¬called marriage markets, based on age, education, race and where they lived. When such marriages do form, the women become more likely to seek jobs beneath their potential or to stop working entirely, and the marriages are more likely to end in divorce. Paradoxically, wives who earn more also do significantly more housework and child care than their husbands do, to make their husbands feel less threatened, the economists
society, the idea of income inequality is a frequent topic of argument. Many believe that a large income inequality distribution has a negative effect on a society, while others feel that it has very minor, nonexistent, or even positive effect. Some of the factors that affect the income inequality in the United States are low minimum wages, education, and discrimination of race and gender. The swelling income inequality gap in the United States has created numerous social, health, and human capital problems. There is a ton of information to digest regarding who the majority of money is split between and who is actually benefitting from it. There are numerous factors that affect the income inequality and the data associated with the results of it are rather
Income inequality has been a progressively growing issue in the United States, even today. The problem dates back all the way to the Great Depression, although some researchers tend to think that it is older than that. The difference between the wealth of higher-income families and lower-income families has become a great issue. Many people, including our government, think that they know how they can fix it. They have tried time and time again to come up with solutions, yet we are still facing the same obstacle that we were almost one hundred years ago. The effects that this dilemma is setting forth for our United States’ economy, environment, and even our education is repulsing.
But since 2000, progress has all but flatlined. A big underlying factor is the slowdown in women’s wage growth. That’s what helped propel the closure of the gap in earlier decades, but women have seen a standstill in wage growth since about 2001, as has most of the country.Women make less than men, on average, for a number of reasons. About 10 percent of it is thanks to different work experience, often because women are much more likely to take breaks from work to care for family members. The drop of women in the labor force over the last decade can be tied to the country’s lack of paid family leave, child care assistance, and support for flexible schedules.Some of it is also due to the fact that women end up working in areas that tend to pay less. But that doesn’t mean they can escape the gap by choosing different paths. They make less in virtually every industry and every job. And while getting more education boosts earnings, women make less than men with the same educational credentials at every level and even make less than their former male classmates when they graduate from top-tier universities. Some of that difference may be due to different majors or grades, but when salaries in the first year after graduation are compared while taking the college, major, grades, and other factors into account, women still experience a significant wage gap.Discrimination therefore plays a role. Economists consistently find a portion of the gap that can’t be explained by a variety of other factors. Studies have found that people of both genders are inclined to give men more money, especially if the woman is a mother. Meanwhile, women’s job performance is continuously underrated compared to men’s. Therefore in the workforce are discriminated
Inequality is a problem that has had an effect on the United States for many years. Although throughout the years the severity of inequality has fluctuated, it has increased greatly within the past two decades. There are many factors that could have influenced this increase. Some of the factors include technology and deindustrialization.
There are a different amount of social factors that play a role in the rising income inequality. One of the most prominent is marriage trends. The degree of “associative matching,” or marrying someone who has had higher education when you also have had a higher education has increased over the past few decades. The gap between the incomes of highly educated couples and less educated couples has been continuously widening since the 1960s. More married women with college degrees are entering the workforce and further increasing incomes of well-educated couples. Higher income inequality leads to
The OECD says that since the mid- 1990s more than half of all jobs created in the member states has been in non-standard work. According to the members, households that depend on such work have higher poverty rate than other household and that this has led to greater inequality. In 34 states is says that 10% of the population earn 9.6 times the income of the poorest 10%. Some believe it’s because of the wide gap in education. It is happening in the most unequal countries, which leads to leads effective workforce. There is no difference in inequality but some studies showed that it slowed down during the financial crisis and now it is growing again.
Every individual in this world genuinely appreciates the value and privilege of any sort of monetary value. Although money has thoroughly revolutionized the world’s system of survival, it also seems to have brought about corruption to the minds of many. Despite the United States’ overall discouragement of its unpleasant history of various forms of discrimination (which have supposedly been fully eradicated), economic inequality remains prevalent throughout the country through conflicts between the rich and poor, carelessly handled morals, and the monetary pressures of modern day education.
Rashbrooke argues that inequality in society is often associated with the large income gap; as a result societies are categorised into certain ethnic groups, birthplaces and financial backgrounds. The significant difference between the rich and the poor has widened to a point where the humanity slowing becomes non-existence. The financial struggles of low-income families are more likely to be stress and affect their value of life. The responsibility to allow individuals to be aware of the rising inequality relies on each person in the country to make a change
Income inequality is still a problem as of 2015 especially for women and racial minorities. Studies show there is a wage gap among different genders, race, and ethnicity. In the United States around the 1960’s, the median full-time working woman only earned 60% of what the median full-time working man earned, and in 2009, 77% of what was earned (Hegewisch, Williams, and Henderson 2011). Women and mothers suffer a great deal in the work force. Three factors that contribute to the wage gap is the motherhood penalty, discrimination in the workplace, and sexual orientation.
According to a 2014 Credit Suisse study, the ratio of wealth to household income is the highest it has been since the Great Depression. (Mark Gongloff, Key Inequality Measure The Highest Since The Great Depression. The Huffington Post.). Based on Inequality for All, the top 1 percent generates more than 20 percent of the country's income, and the 400 wealthiest people in the nation possess more wealth than everybody in the bottom 50 percent. There is a significant correlation between the income inequality and social mobility which reflects the prospects of individuals, families, households, or other categories of people in a society to move through a system of social hierarchy. According to Harvard study, the spatial variation in intergenerational mobility is strongly correlated with five factors: (1) residential segregation, (2) income inequality, (3) school quality, (4) social capital, and (5) family structure. (The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States, Harvard, June 2014). The inequality problems arise when society lacks equality of opportunity to advance. Economic mobility in U.S. is much lower than in most first world countries. For instance, poor children growing up in countries like Canada and Denmark have a greater chance of moving up the economic ladder than do poor children from the United States. (The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United
Inequality has been always a problem for the United States, racial inequality, gender inequality and of course income inequality. Meanwhile racial and gender inequality didn’t concern the majority people in the country and they didn’t have rights at the beginning, income injustice concerned, 99% of people who has rights in the government. The problem is not only that the minority owns the majority of money, but also that people who work at the same jobs have different salaries. I have two friends, one works at store, Costco and another at Shoprite. Person who works as a cashier at Costco has $12 per hour, and the one who works as a cashier at Shoprite makes $8.70 per hour. This shows that two people who spend the same amount of time, energy
My partner and I affirm the resolution. Resolve: To alleviate income inequality in the United States, increased spending on public infrastructure should be prioritized over increased spending on means-tested welfare programs.
Meanwhile, Arlie Hochschild explained why the male-breadwinning family is less feasible for most families due to the economic and social policy changes in the society. First, as the US economy changed, males’ earnings dropped remarkably by the mid 1970s. By the 1980s, unemployment rates increased notably due to the closing of the public works and factories. By the 1990s, the value of houses is increased. By the 2000s, federal and state aid on higher education decreased. As a result, male-breadwinning is not feasible because two employed adults are necessary in order to maintain or improve upon the standard of living. Eventually, women’s earnings have contributed to economic stability in many cases as women have started to work in the labor
Poverty means that an individual is unable to acquire the basic needs to sustain a minimal level of living standards in a society with their income. In this case, basic needs refer to food, clothing, shelter, and utilities. Poverty measures should be relative, meaning that if an individual is living in a society in which everyone has phones and a phone is absolutely required for communication in jobs and daily lives, then phones should be included as one of the utility needs as well, especially since it is work-expenses that’s required to maintain a household’s income.
Literature does not agree upon how spousal income effects a women's labor force participation, but the effect on women's work choice is constant. In the years 1960 to 1977 a total of 8.7 million women entered the labor force, 58.5% had spouses with above average incomes (Ryscavage 1979). This data supports the argument that high spousal income positively affects the woman’s labor force participation. In contrast Shaw (1992) argues that it is possible that a wealthy husband negatively affects the wife's participation in the labor force. She states that because of spousal income being above average it gives the woman economic stability to not join the labor force. Using the Current Population Survey March Supplement, Park (2010) finds that as