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Human Consciousness

Decent Essays

Before one can establish a morally permissible approach to creating an artificial human-like intelligence, the origin of human consciousness must be determined in order to find a viable method of recreation. It would then become evident that problem of morality in conscious machines lies not in the method of its construction, as it is the necessary means to an end, but the act of creation itself as well as the "upbringing" of the machine comparable to that of a human being.

Prior to the development of consciousness, according to Julian Jaynes, was the structure known as the bicameral mind. He argued that the cognitive function of a human being was vastly different before the end of the second millennium bc: the right hemisphere was responsible …show more content…

However, this influence was significantly weakened when written language was employed, as it signified the translation of a language into alternative sensual experiences that are easier to control. Secondly, the divine attribute of the auditory hallucinations were naturally associated with the concept of deities. Although that worked in smaller settlements where all residents shared the same pantheon, the incorporation of a number of such settlements into a civilization later would have to deal with potentially conflicting pantheons. Lastly, being controlled by the bicameral mind and acting in a manner that directly reflects one's mental activities lacks the evolutionary advantages of deceit, a concept impossible for the bicameral mind. Acting out on anything and everything as soon as the bicameral mind utters it can be quite lethal in a time when morality hasn't antagonized murder. This part of Jaynes' theory has been carefully developed with an abundance of psychological and neurological background, but the next pivotal step towards consciousness and …show more content…

This leaves people with a practical limitation: what we call consciousness would have to derive from within the human cognitive functions. Arthur Koestler has boiled the process of creation down to a mechanical system he termed "bisociation", in which two previously unrelated matrices of experience are combined, and a new understanding of a situation is established. As Archimedes cried eureka, the common occurrence of the water rising was combined with the problem he was tasked to solve, and so came the solution of the displacement of water should be of equal volume as the crown. What Koestler hadn't expected, however, is the ubiquitous nature far beyond what he proposed. At birth, the human brain knows only the basic biological instincts necessary for survival. But as it grows, new knowledge and experiences are accumulated to form a fundamental baseline for the bisociation process. Considering the variables involved in even the simplest of real-life circumstances, it is unrealistic to expect any one portion of the baseline to resemble the situation exactly. This baseline, therefore, can only define a standardized version of situations and the appropriate reactions associated with it. The process of bisociation is then necessary for the improvisation of a response in accordance. Unlike Jaynes' theory that

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