Humanity Has Always Looked Up At The Stars And Distant

The human body contains three kinds of muscle tissue: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and skeletal muscle; each performs specific tasks to maintain homeostasis – the tendency to maintain a stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, mainly that which is maintained by physiological processes. The primary function of muscle, regardless of kind, is to convert chemical energy to mechanical work, which in turn allows the muscle to shorten or contracts. The muscle tissues observed in this experiment is the skeletal muscle which are usually attached to the skeleton. As a result, contraction of the skeletal muscle moves one part of the body with respect to another.

My science fiction paper will describe the struggles and accomplishments of a future mission to mars with the goal of producing a habitable base on the surface for extended stay and experimentation, written in a series of journal entries by the crew. The mission will be a long term journey, having used research to compensate for the effects of space travel on the human body to allow for a longer term residence, spurred by the growing involvement of private industry growth in space travel. As this mission will be primarily based on taking scientific research, the major concepts addressed throughout the logs will be blackbodies, coronal mass ejections, magnetospheres, electromagnetic propulsion, solar sails, the Hohmann transfer, the Martian atmosphere, Martian poles, and the health effects of microgravity. The following research paper will address the latter concept, microgravity health effects, in order to accurately depict the travel conditions of the crew members.

Our bodies are not built for space. The exposure to radiation can cause cataracts, brain damage, and cancer. Weightlessness can cause muscle mass loss, bone mass loss, and bad circulation. Author of "Humans may dream of traveling to Mars, but our bodies aren't built for it," Charles Wohlforth and Amanda Hendrix explains "Doctor-astronauts working on the International Space Station in 2009 also discovered that living in weightlessness can damage the optic nerve. In the absence of gravity, cerebral-spinal fluid stops circulating. On voyages of more than a year, that could lead to blindness or contribute to dementia," [3]. This is a big problem when it comes to space travel, and should be NASA's biggest priority.

Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs when there is a long period of inactivity of the muscles or defects in motor neuron's (Reilly, Beau 2015). Defects in the motor neurons that stimulate the muscle cause the muscle mass to decrease as proteins that initiate contractions of muscle dissipate. Stimulus is not transferred to the weakened muscle fibers effectively, reducing the contractile force possible for generation from the stimulus. Muscle mass increases upon recovery, as restimulation of the muscle enlarges fiber size, thus a greater contractile force can be generated from the stimulus.

NASA will soon be sending astronauts to Mars, where the gravity is ⅓  of earth's, and this has major implications on the human body. In the 6 months that it takes to travel between planets, the astronauts would be weightless.

Francesca Araco Have you ever wanted to live on a zero gravity plant such as Mars? According to the Article in the scope article “Would You Move To Mars?” by Lauren Tarshis gives us a whole bunch of reasons why we should/shouldn’t move to mars and how NASA is finding life on other planets. I definitely would not move to mars!There are many reasons why I do not want to move to Mars. Therefore, Mars is a dangerous place,it doesn’t have enough air nor water, and if you were to go outside of your bubble (your house on Mars) you would have to wear a spacesuit.(page 6)

Ed Regis, in the article "let's Not Move to Mars" states: "crews members are in microgravity for the entire trip, with consequent health problems: your bone mass wastes away" (Regis). Additionally crew members will face mental illnesses. Ed Regis also in "Let's Not Move to Mars" states, " Persistent mechanical noises and vibrations, sleep disturbances, unbearable tedium, trance states, depression, monotonous repetition of meals, clothing, routines, conversations and so on" (Regis). Sending people to Mars would turn them mad before they even got there and would be useless.

NASA has always had the best equipment available to them when training their astronauts to live in a reduced gravity environment. Now their equipment is being used to help treat and prevent many different sports injuries. The Alter-G anti-gravity treadmill is being implemented in many rehabilitation centers for use as sports injury therapy.

Will The joy of having less gravity on mars effect the rest of her life? Not only the lack of gravity will be a downside the air there and the weather are hugely important to keep tract of. Jennifer L. Holm Uses Scientific information in her fictional story “Follow The Water”.

The NASA space program has had enormous impacts on the world. Thanks to NASA the United States has explored thousands of celestial bodies throughout the galaxy with telescopes, rovers, and in the moon 's case, people. In the next decade, NASA plans to expand the United State’s human exploration to more than just the moon. A Mars mission has been in NASA’s eye for quite a while now and with technology advancing every day, they feel it is time to send men and women to the red planet. Some believe the journey could prove too dangerous for humans; however, through research and development scientists can find ways to safely transport astronauts to and from Mars. This is a necessary step in the country 's advancements in health, technology and

Mars, one of Earth's neighboring planets, has been studied since the beginning of mankind. More recently, however, the United States of America has been considering the human colonization of Mars. A manned mission to Mars is something humans need to pursue, regardless the price. A human colonization on Mars could provide the research to create another civilization outside of Earth, could show us what might happen to Earth in the future, and could provide itself as a space station/planet-to-planet trading port to launch rockets off of. A manned mission to Mars is a controversial subject; however, it should be pursued due to the evidence from past missions, the current evidence being found, and the pros outnumbering the cons.

It can also jeopardize the functional performance when adapting to a novel gravitational environment in an acute phase. Some researches have indicated the changes in manual control, visual performance, spatial orientation and gait control after space flight missions, and the greatest changes usually happen immediately after the astronaut experience gravity transition. Also, it is shown that the longer the time of the flight is, the larger possibility of post flight disturbances

Some of the astronauts experienced visual impairment as well. Overall, Strickland (2017) indicates in the article that the overall findings suggest long-term space flights cause an increase in cerebrospinal fluid, narrowing of the central sulcus, and an upward shift of the brain. However, further research must be done to determine the duration and significance of these changes. This research on the brains of astronauts is crucial because as humans grow more and more technologically advanced and plan for further space exploration and possible colonization of other planets, it is important to understand the possible effects space flight can have on our brains and bodies.

The calcium and phosphorous is excreted through human waste, causing kidney stones in many cases [3]. The most affected bones consist of the heel, femoral neck, lumbar spine and pelvis. Astronauts spend between 2-5 hours a day exercising to try to decrease this atrophy, but will still experience varying levels of bone and muscle loss [3]. The use of artificial gravity could mitigate this problem, and is currently being researched and designed. Along with bone loss, Astronauts will also experience growth in height, by about 3% [3]. Without gravity, the human spine isn’t weighed down and has room to expand. This causes severe back and muscle aches, and makes exercising harder and more painful. Once astronauts return to Earth, they will return to their normal height [3].

twitch muscles. Fast twitch muscles have a fast form of myosin ATP and are very