I am the researcher for a production company and I have been asked to produce an individual research which will be based on analysing and investigating the TV and Film industries. I will be using different case studies to explore ownership and funding in the media industry as it will help me understand what the TV and film industry is, how it works and how ownership and funding relate to the industry. I will be using many different case studies involving several companies. A few companies I will be researching are: ‘News Corp’, ‘Viacom’, ‘Disney’ and Universal. I will also be researching on other companies such as the BBC.
The TV and film industry is made up of a list of different companies that operate differently and are funded
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Private Companies are companies that are either owned by non-governmental organizations or by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members which does not offer or trade its company stock (shares) to the general public on the stock market exchanges, but rather the company 's stock is offered, owned and traded or exchanged privately-(Google).
Private companies are very similar to independent companies; the only real difference is that private companies can choose their shareholders. Private companies don’t need to meet the strict exchange commission requirements that public companies have to, like having to give a certain percentage of their income to the government.
Independent companies are companies which work on their own; they can make decision on their own and are free of influence by government or corporate interests. Independent companies are different to subsidiaries as Independent companies are not owned by any conglomerate. An advantage of an independent company is that all the money the company makes is its own profit instead of being shared with other companies. A disadvantage of an independent media company is that they often find it difficult to survive against competition from bigger companies that are owned by conglomerates as they are better known, which reduces their source of income resulting in bankruptcy.
Although if an independent media company is
Businesses and industries that are not owned or controlled by the Government. Private Sector organisations operate privately to make a profit with income generated from the sale of their products or services. Although many private sector firms are owned and controlled by individuals, many are owned by groups of people; for example, companies may be owned by shareholders, who have invested in that company.
Public companies are any company that has stock available to the public to buy. A company that wishes to set up a new
No longer is box-office the main source of revenue for studios as it was in the early days of Hollywood. Today only 6 conglomerates are responsible for almost all of the world's filmmaking. Lucrative licensing deals, merchandising, spin-offs, television shows and so forth have become more important than the actual box-office generated. According to Jay Epstein "Even though today's system of filmed entertainment shares much of the same physical geography, nomenclature, and mythology as the studio system that preceded it, it did not evolve out of it it appeared with surprising suddenness, and replaced it." He argues that a handful of aspiring businessmen took the reins of the industry and steered it to where it is today. These 6 conglomerates hold 72% of the total market share and have an average of $26.5 billion revenue, while the total box-office revenue in the U.S. in 2000 was only $7.6 billion8. Film production today is not the expression of the director, writer or producer but more their attempt to capitalize on the medium. Modern films cost an average if $100 million in advertising and production cost, while the average box-office of
Private enterprise means that the individuals own the businesses. In a market economy, entrepreneurs can start any legal business that they wish. The government is not allowed to own a business, only the individuals are allowed. Those businesses then must take part in competition among themselves.
The big studios of the time, Paramount, MGM, Warner Brothers, 20th Century Fox, and RKO not only controlled film production through their studios, they also owned theaters throughout the Unites States and controlled the distribution
When it comes to taking responsibility for business debts and actions of a corporation, shareholders’ personal assets are protected. Shareholders can only be held accountable for their investment in stock of the company. Corporations have an advantage when it comes to raising capital for their business. They can raise funds through the sale of stock. Corporations file taxes separately from their owners. Owners of a corporation only pay taxes on corporate profits paid to them in the form of salaries, bonuses, and dividends, while any additional profits are awarded a corporate tax rate. Corporations are generally able to attract and hire good and motivated employees because they offer competitive benefits and the potential for partial ownership through stock options.
A corporations is very different from sole proprietorships and partnerships. Corporations are owned by shareholders and are considered to be an independent legal entity. Corporations have very expensive administration fees and very complex tax and legal requirements. The main advantage of corporations is that the shareholders are not responsible for the debts of the company. They are only liable for their investment into the company. Corporations can also sell stock to raise any capital that is needed for the business. Corporations file a separate taxes from that of the owners. Owners of a corporation are taxes on the profits that the receive through salaries, dividends and bonuses. One major disadvantage of a corporation is that they are very costly and time consuming to start and maintain. Sometimes corporations can be subjected to double taxes through taxes on profits and then taxes on dividends. Corporations require an increased amount of paperwork and record keeping. A final disadvantage of this kind of business structure is that the business operations are handled by the managers and the board of directors who can cheat the owners of the business (Parrino et al., 2012).
A company can be formed as private, and it is known as ‘proprietary’. This type of companies is mostly family owned and does not listed on the Australian Stock exchange (ASX). A proprietary company has less than than 50 non-employee shareholders and. A proprietary company is not permitted to offer shares or securities to the public. It is required to have at least one director and shareholder, and at the director or the shareholder has to be ordinarily reside in Australia
The film industry is in the business to entertain, so it falls under the entertainment business. This opens the competition to a much broader sphere. There are so many other competitors under this category that it is necessary to narrow it down to a more precise competition. When talking about the entertainment industry this includes sports, video games, theme parks, television shows, live theater, and music, but it’s not helpful to compare to the film industry with all these other entertainment sectors. The focus will be on television shows and video games, which are more closely related to the film industry. In 2010 this section of television, films, and video games had revenue of $30 billion. Out of those $30 billion
A company is a distinct legal entity.Company is quite expensive and complex to set up because of additional reporting requirements.In company, the business operation are controlled by directors and owned by shareholders.
Independence refers to restraining yourself from relationships and situation that might inhibit your decisions (Needles, Powers 30). In other words, keeping yourself out of situation that could make you decide one way because it has created a bias. For example, if you were a data entry person at your company you might be exposed to confidential material. People who knew you had access to this information might ask you to
A large corporation with numerous resources can take benefit of opportunities anywhere in the world. We also find the ability to raise capital through the sale of their stocks and bonds, and they have continuous life, unlike sole proprietorships or partnerships. Another advantage of corporations is the ease of attracting talented employees and the separation of ownership and management. There is also the ease of ownership change, which means that change does not affect management along with a great fringe benefit with fewer taxes.
Those 5 companies own 95% of all the media that we get every day. They own the major entertainment theme parks, entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programing, video news and sports entertainment.
After the company has been approved the new shareholders have to elect a board of directors whom are going to run the company on their behalf. The directors are been elected to do the day to day running of a company, and because of their expertise and skills. After the broad of directors are elected of the shareholders they take over they responsible of the running of the company. Each share equals one vote, but in most cases small numbers of shares have little to say as in most cases large investors who hold the majority of shares have the power and saying in the company. The number of shares in one company, which equals 100% differ from company to company, and the price per share differ as well. There are two different types of companies: private limited companies and public limited companies. Shares cannot be traded without the approval of the board of directors in a private limited company. The shares are also only sold to friends or family member with a prior agreement and not to the general public. Normally a private limited company has the letters “Ltd” after its name, On the other hand a public limited company is selling their stocks on the Stock Market to the general public. Public limited companies sometimes carry the letters “PLC” after its name. The value of a company is all shares added together and have to equal 100% of the shares. This is how the value of a company constantly is change, as a result
A company is a corporate body or corporation. A body corporate or corporation defined as an artificial legal person that exists independently of the members of the corporate body. By way of explanation, a company is independent legal person that exists separately with its owner and distinct from its members