Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. There are many different types of interactions that can take place in which some organisms benefit and some are harmed. One example of an interaction between organisms where both organisms benefit is mutualism. An example of mutualism takes place between a honeybee and a flower. When a bee lands on a flower it positively benefits by eating the nectar. Then, when it lands on another flower, the pollen from the first flower is transferred to the next flower to help the plant reproduce. Alternatively of mutualism is another type of interaction called competition. In this case, both organisms are negatively affected.
During this experiment, we investigated the
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The twenty-five tomato plants had an average height of 164.6 mm while the average height of twenty five tomato plants planted with twenty five oat plans was 97.0 mm. When comparing these data points, they produced a t-score of 7.689 and a p-value of 0.000. In comparing the interspecific competition affect on weight, the twenty-five tomato plants had an average weight of 1067.9 milligrams compared to the twenty-five tomato plants also grown with twenty-five oat plants that had an average weight of only 270.5 milligrams. When comparing these data points, they produced a t-score of 7.745 and a p-value of 0.000. Since the p-values are both less than .05, at an alpha level of .05 or less, we can reject the null hypothesis that both height and weight were the same in interspecific competition cases. This means we can accept the alternative hypothesis that interspecific competition affects height and …show more content…
Both height and weight of the tomato plant are negatively affected when more plants are grown in the same amount of space. This increase in plant density causes increased intraspecific competition between plants for limited resources. As a result, these tomato plants grow less tall and weigh less. These plants could be competing for nutrients in the soil. Liu et al. (2016) found that nitrogen in the soil, in the form of either NH4+ or NO3-, is often highly competed for among plants and other organisms. Inn addition, Pankoke et al. (2015) found nitrogen competition to have the biggest affect on plant biomass. Data from Liu et al. (2016) discovered a natural solution that plants and organisms have adapted to help with this competition over nitrogen in the soil. It was concluded that some organisms and plants would absorb the nitrogen from different soil depths. Plants acquire nearly seventy percent of their nitrogen from the top five centimeters of the soil. As a result, more nitrogen is available deeper in the soil for organisms. The issue in intraspecific competition is that all of the plants are the same species, and therefore have the same roots to draw nitrogen from the same depth of soil. When more plants are added to the same amount of soil, there are more roots competing at the same depth for limited about of nitrogen in the
There are many different types of relationships and interactions between organisms. Every organism is in some way connected or associated with another. Some organisms need to depend on other organisms to survive which shows how important some of these relationships or interactions can be in biology. Interaction is a vital part of how many organisms develop over time.
Ecology is how organisms interact with each other and the environment. The Lion King is linked to ecology by showing how organisms interact with each other and the environment. My three topics are how symbiotic relationships are important to a community, how limiting factors affect a community, how communities respond to abiotic or biotic factors, and how this is linked to the movie and Ecology. Symbiotic Relationships are interactions between two species and how they affect each other. There are three different types of symbiotic relationships Mutualism, Commensalism, and Parasitism.
Plants are found everywhere on earth, up high on the ridge and down low in caves and caverns. The types of plants that live in these places depends on many factors. These factors are separated into two different categories, the biotic factors and the abiotic factors. Some of the biotic factors include, predation, competition, and habitat destruction. Plants with limited competition and large amounts of resources will be in a higher abundance than plants with limited resources and higher competition rates will be confined to areas and either out competed or will be the dominant species. Certain plants adapt to these factors and thrive and others don’t do as well. Some of the abiotic factors include, sunlight, water, temperature, and wind. These
As defined by “Environmental Science- 14th Edition”, an ecosystem is “a set of organisms within a defined area or volume that interact with one another and with their environment of nonliving matter and energy.” I will be using the computer simulation to alter the interactions of the organisms in the ecosystem to see what changes occur.
Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the relationship between organisms and their environment. Ecology is a basic tool of environmental science.
Ecological theory describes four levels of the environment that interconnect and impact people. Moving from the most intimate individual system to a broader inclusion you can identify the many systems that play a role in individual’s lives and well-being. These interactions could be harmonious and create homeostasis or could be disharmonious and cause stress.
Competition happens between two or more things. In talking about plants they compete with each to survive. When competing against each other to survive they are using soil, water, nitrogen, and space. In using theses resources and having theses available gives the plant a greater chance in living. Even though plants compete environmental wise it is still scene that there is a lot of unknown to why plants compete. Some researchers believe it could be because of the root size of an individual plant or the size of the seed, which gives it better competition in surviving (Miller, 1995). Different types of competition can happen between plants likes intraspecific and interspecific competition. Miller (1995) believes there is not enough research shown to make a determination as to why competition between plants happens and that there should be research done in looking at the evolution of plants in different environments where they can compete with each other. In looking at competition in plants in class the experiment that we conducted looks at the Brassica rapa in a intraspecific competition in different densities. Miller (1995) found that the B. rapa in intraspecific competition did have increase in the number of flowers that were produced. Comparing this to the finding of Miller, when looking at different densities of plants in a interspecific competition could the B. rapa have more of a change in growth because a higher density will have more seeds and the B.
An ecosystem is a community of interacting organisms and their environment. If one of the organisms is disturbed, it can change the trophic cascade which is a sequence of impacts down the food chain. Hannibal supports this statement by writing “keeping these connections going ensures healthy, functioning ecosystems, which in turn support human life.”(578) An example of this is if all of the beavers died the other organisms would go somewhere else or die due because they no longer will have dams to support their ideal habitat.
Many of the systems in the body are delicate. They function only under a specific range of parameters.
A plant's growth ability is dependent on its ability to acquire the resources it needs to survive. Competition such as interspecific and intraspecific, limiting resources, and population density affect the fitness level of a plant. This experiment was conducted in order to test the capability of collards and radishes to grow in manipulated densities under interspecific and intraspecific competition. I hypothesized that both collard and radish plants will grow more efficiently in single species pots under low-density conditions. I also hypothesized that in the mixed species plots the radishes will be more fit to survive and grow better than the collard plants in both the high and low-density pots. Both high and low density and single and mixed species plots were planted and results were observed. There was a significant
Ecosystem: a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment
Since organisms living in communities form interdependent relationships, a change in the abundance of one species will not only affect the physical and more direct interactions, but could indirectly affect the number of other species within the community as a consequence (Wootton 1993). These indirect affects rise because the interactions between pairs of species are not independent of other species, such as increasing the density of vegetation may increase the survival rate of the prey, reducing the intensity of the interaction between the predator and prey (Wootton 1993, 1994). An
Almost every aspect of biology involves interaction between different components and systems. It starts all the way at the cellular level with the interactions of cell organelles that allow a cell to function and it goes all the way up to the way different ecosystems come together to form complex communities and interactions. It is these interactions that make biological systems complex and how cells are specialized in one animal affects the way that animal interacts with the others around it. These interactions create ever changing and unique properties that make organisms function in the way in which they do so.
In the ecosystem organisms rely on each other for food and protection. The Food chain is like a pyramid you have the producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and quaternary consumers. It’s an almost perfect balance and if any level were to just stop existing then the food chain would be destroyed. An example of organisms relying on others is an issue of isle royale were the wolves and moose population are in jeopardy. This relationship is important because without the other animal the population would die.
Ecology today can be defined as “the study of the interrelationships between living things and their environment”. It is important to understand that when we say that ecology includes the “environment”, we are talking about everything that is external to an organism, all the biotic and abiotic. Nowadays it also attempts to understand and explain the how and why of the origins and mechanisms of interactions.