Intoxication: Cardiovascular Disease, Coronary Disease

*Sex: If a woman drinks the same amount as a man, she will tend to have a higher BAC.
* Body mass: Alcohol becomes more concentrated if people have a larger body mass. This means their blood alcohol concentration will be lower as a result.
* Body fat: People a higher body fat percentage are usually prone to having a higher BAC. This is because fat cannot absorb alcohol like other types of tissue.
Low blood alcohol concentration: The effects of low blood concentration can be felt at a BAC of about 0.03-0.05% and may include light-headedness, relaxation, and a release of inhibitions.Most drinkers experience mild euphoria and become more social.

Regardless of consumer belief, smoking dramatically increases the chances of contracting many diseases - such as heart disease or high blood pressure. Although not every user experiences these diseases, it is well known that smoking can decrease one’s life time dramatically. The information given states, “It’s virtually impossible to escape the effects of tobacco” (Jordan). This stated, Jordan expresses that essentially if you use tobacco, there is a fairly high chance that one will damage his/her body in some way. Furthermore, there are many more diseases that can be contracted and the ones stated are only the most common. Continuing, the author explains the affects of smoking, “Expose to specific elements of secondhand smoke causes blood clot more easily and damages arterial lining” (Jordan). As stated, certain components in tobacco increase the chances of high blood pressure and blood clots to form in the body. Concluding, respiratory problems in young children can occur through second hand smoking, these include asthma. Children that asthma effect increases from smoke, “Asthma turns out to be about twice as common in children exposed to high levels of second hand smoke” (Secondhand Smoke: Is it a Hazard). Not only does tobacco smoke increase other diseases, it also increases the severity of diseases already contracted as shown in the previous quote. To conclude, tobacco smoke

** The amount of alcohol in the bloodstream is called the blood alcohol concentration or BAC. BAC is measured in percentages. For examples, a BAC of 0.10 percent means that a person has 1 part alcohol per

Exercising helps eliminate all the extra fat and waste that surrounds the heart. Also quitting smoking avails the whole body, especially the heart. Smoking cigarettes causes about 1 in every 5 deaths in the United States each year. (National Institutes of Health). Tobacco has many chemicals that harm the organs in the body. It also damages the blood vessels, which increases the risk of atherosclerosis (Smoking & Cardiovascular Disease (Heart Disease)). The carbon dioxide that is coming from the cigarette binds to the hemoglobin, a substance that is found in red blood cells, preventing the blood from carrying a full load of oxygen that is needed to sustain the body. Making it harder to breath and stressing the heart. Smoking also damages the heart vessels, which affects how well the blood flows around the body making the heart work more. For some people, such as women who use birth control pills and people who have diabetes, smoking poses an even greater risk to the heart and blood vessels. Cigarettes have nicotine in them which produce adrenaline, therefore causing the heart to work harder and gaining a high blood pressure and rate

Smoking can bring about lung infection by harming your airways routes and the little air sacs (alveoli) found in your lungs. Smoking can bring about lethal infections, for example, pneumonia, lung growth and emphysema. Additionally smoking causes 83% of deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and smoking causes 84% of deaths from lung cancer (NHS , 2017) . However, there is a considerable measure of terrible illnesses connected to smoking cigarettes. Illnesses like throat malignancy, mouth tumour, bladder growth, lung growth, constant bronchitis, emphysema, and coronary illness are altogether brought about by smoking. Also smoking is addictive. Nicotine is the addictive substance

The DSM IV-TR criteria for substance dependence requires the person to have three or more of the following; tolerance, characteristic withdrawal symptoms, substance taken in larger amount and for a longer period of time than intended, persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempt to quit, more time or activity to obtain, use and recover, important social, occupational, or recreational activities given up or reduced, and use that continues despite the knowledge of adverse consequences.

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is a step of the quantity of alcohol in the blood, revealed as a portion by volume. Connections in between the quantity of alcohol in the blood and the resulting quantity of alcohol in the breath have actually been made. Based on elements noted above, an individual's blood: breath alcohol ratio can differ from 1700:1 to

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the primary assessment tool in determining how under the influence and defined as the amount of alcohol per volume of blood for example, 0.01 BAC equates to 0.01gram of alcohol per 100mls of blood. Objective studies of the dose-response relationship between BAC with clinical symptoms of impairment have helped advance drink driving policies (Babor, 2003). However, the effects of alcohol on individuals are not uniform for all. The symptoms of a chronic alcohol drinker compared to the clinical signs of an acute alcohol drinker will vary significantly, even with the same BAC (Dubowski, 1980).

Tobacco smoking is responsible for nearly all cases of a chronic breathing obstruction known as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD includes diseases like emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and leaves sufferers breathless and unable to do many activities. Lung cancer is the disease of the smoker, with 90% of primary lung cancers caused by smoking. Nearly one in four smokers who die prematurely will die of lung cancer. Lung cancer is the biggest cancer killer in the UK. Your lungs are damaged not only by the number of cigarettes you smoke a day, but more importantly by the number of years you have been a smoker. So,

Smoking harms nearly every organ in the body, causing many diseases, and reducing the overall health of an individual (Lidia Arcavi & Neal L. Benowitz, 2004). The effects of smoking start out in the respiratory system where smoke irritates the trachea and larynx which leads to reduced lung function and breathlessness due to swelling and narrowing of the lung airways, and also leads to excess mucus in the lung passages. The excess mucus causes impairment of the lungs' clearance system leading to the build-up of poisonous substances which results in lung irritation and damage, increased risk of lung infection, symptoms such as coughing and wheezing, and permanent damage to the air sacs of the lungs (Lidia Arcavi & Neal L. Benowitz, 2004).

According to the NRDC, nearly 18,000 deaths from cardiovascular disease were caused by active smoking in 1990. Smoking a single cigarette can damage blood flow to your heart for people with a pre-existing coronary artery disease. Cigarette smoking has been found to be the leading cause of pulmonary illness and death in the US. In 1990, smoking cause more than 84,000 deaths anywhere from lung disease, such as pneumonia, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis.

In Jill Dombrauckas’s (2015) report, she discussed that the Pennsylvania DUI Association made a large amount of researches about alcohol’s effect on body systems. In one research, alcohol affects the central nervous system which means when the individual drink alcohol, the messages that are carried to and from the brain and the body’s muscles can be slowed delivery. For example, the incoming signals from the brain, like the painful sensory that will decrease the injury’s awareness. Also the signals from the brain to the muscles will lead the motor skills becoming insensitive.

Smoking is the number one reason not only lung cancer but many other forms of cancer around the world today. Smoking is an addictive habit that releases harmful chemicals

To begin let’s talk about the many, many health risks that are caused from smoking. I’ll start off with the biggest consequence smoking causes. Cancer. According to the CDC.gov website, nine out of ten lung cancers are caused from smoking cigarettes. And although lung cancer is the most common cancer associated with smoking, it is definitely not the only one. Smoking can cause cancer anywhere in the body. From the mouth to the colon, nothing is safe from cancer when you smoke. According to betobaccofree.gov, the chemicals in cigarettes harm your blood cells and damage your heart, increasing your likelihood of developing aneurysms, cardiovascular disease, Coronary heart disease, and strokes. Smokers also develop mouth sores and ulcers and as stated on deltadentalins.com, smokers are about 4 times more likely than non-smokers to develop gum disease. Smokers experience muscle deterioration because blood and oxygen are restricted and can’t reach the muscles.

Cigarette smoking affects different organs in the body. First, smoking will affect the lungs. The lungs can be gravely influenced by smoking. It will start with coughs, asthma and colds. The mucus in the lungs will increase also and it will get thicker. According to US Department of Health and Human Services, dynamic cigarette smoking is the significant reason for lung cancer and an essential set up caused of cardiovascular disease (Pope, C. Arden, III, et al). My grandfather used to smoke every day and now he feels the repercussion of cigarette smoking. He coughs so much and sometimes there’s a blood on his coughs. When people smoke, their natural defenses don’t function properly against infection in the lungs. Second, smoking will affect the heart also. The heart plays an important role in our body. One of the major factor of heart disease is smoking and with high blood pressure, overweight or obesity and high blood pressure it raises the risk of heart disease. Smoking diminishes practice resilience and builds the propensity for blood to cluster. Lastly, smoking will affect the eyes. My brother had a good vision before but after he smokes a lot his eyes is not that good anymore. He needs glasses now and that’s the effect of cigarette smoking. One of the leading cause of blindness is cataracts. Smoking cigarettes double the chance of having cataracts, and the more people smoke the higher percent of people will have a cataract.