J. Thomas Scharf: Sixteen Years After The Chinese Exclusion Act

The United States has had tension with Asian immigrants since the first wave of migration in the 1840’s, and in 1882 the United States declared a Chinese Exclusion which was to keep all Chinese from migrating into the United States. For the Chinese already in the U.S this created worry and tension. With the Chinese people no longer being welcome the freedom for the Chinese inside which was already not much was even more condensed. The little equality that they had was taken away and they were excluded, and looked down upon everywhere they went. They had trouble living and socially because of the prejudice they were facing. An example of the Chinese struggle before the exclusion act would be the Chinese Lynching that took place in 1871. In Los Angeles a mob captured men and in this case a 12 year old boy and hung them all at a Spanish hacienda because of the citizens strong discrimination against

In the “Autobiography of a Chinese immigrant” written in 1903 by Lee Chew, dialogues about his point of view

The Chinese Exclusion act banned all Chinese people moving to America. Chinese people emigrated to California in 1848 during the California Gold Rush. Massive amounts of Chinese people moved to the west Coast to make money and return home to the Qing Empire. They were mainly drawn to the west coast as a way to prosper economically. Many were discriminated against and given low wages, and had poor

The Chinese Experience records the history of the Chinese in the United States. The three-part documentary shows how the first arrivals from China, their descendants, and recent immigrants have “become American.” It is a story about identity and belonging that is relative to all Americans. The documentary is divided into three programs, each with a focus on a particular time in history. Program 1 describes the first arrivals from China, beginning in the early 1800’s and ending in 1882, the year Congress passed the first Chinese exclusion act. Program 2, which details the years of exclusion and the way they shaped and distorted Chinese American

Pun Chi said in his appeal to congress, “... we came here presuming that our arrival would be hailed with cordiality and favor… we Chinese are viewed like… enemies….” He then continues further in his appeal multiple injustices that have been happening to Chinese immigrants, that include Chinese not being allowed to bring action or testify against white men, humiliation of the Chinese, and others. Men went over to China and painted such a beautiful picture of America, but when the immigrants arrived they were treated with such disrespect and so cruelly that it is unjustifiable. One can argue that the men who journeyed to foreign

American citizens despised the Chinese workers because they worked very hard and followed instructions for very little pay, as stated in a speech given by a German immigrant on the Chinese exclusion act he said “It is almost impossible for a poor white servant girl to find employment in a white family. No! The mistress of the house wants a Chinaman. Why? He is very handy. She can say, ‘John Chinaman, do this’, and John does it, and John never says a word”. The white immigrants assumed that the Chinese were doing this to spite them and steal the jobs the white immigrants and American citizens thought they were entitled to. Another example of Americans and white immigrants accusing the Chinese of taking

One of the first significant pieces of federal legislation aimed at restricting immigration was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which banned Chinese laborers from coming to America. Californians had agitated for the new law, blaming the Chinese, who were willing to work for less, for a decline in wages.The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States. Those on the West Coast were especially prone to attribute declining wages and economic ills on the despised Chinese workers. Although the Chinese composed only .002 percent of the nation’s population, Congress passed the exclusion act to placate worker demands and assuage prevalent concerns about maintaining white “racial purity.”

According to the documents, describing the cruel actions of wicked men who intended nothing but hate towards the Chinese and racist comments that targeted specifically the Chinese depicts the idea that the Chinese Exclusion Act should have not been implemented in the United States in the year of 1882. The Chinese were strongly discriminated just like the African American people. To start on with (Document A) about a play divided in four parts called “The Chinese Must Go” by Henry Grimm in 1879, shows of the stereotypes about the Chinese. This document is nothing else but mimicking or impersonating how the Chinese tend to speak English in America. Their English maybe be taken as broken English, another way to describe someone’s struggle to speak

Chinese Exclusion Act was a law that passed by Congress on May 6 of 1882, that halted the immigration of the Chinese laborers for a span of 10 years and denied neutralization to the existing Chinese in the United States. Following an economic crisis in the late 19th century that left many without jobs and slowed down the expansion of the Western States, many Chinese immigrants laborers were blamed for the falling of wages and lack of employment opportunities. The Chinese laborer faced violence, social isolation, and discriminatory laws that was included in the passage of the exclusion act. Although the act had little effect on the U.S’s economy beyond the Chinese community, it set a lasting effect for immigration policy, it was the first U.S law the refusal to admit members of a specific ethnic group or nationality. Since Chinese immigration was helping the U.S’s economy bloom. Why the sudden stop of only one ethnic group coming to the U.S? What social, economic, and political caused the Chinese Exclusion Act?

At the same time, Anti-Chinese sentiment was also being used by politicians during election time as a campaign strategy. California’s argument against Chinese immigration was that “it endangered white labor by degrading working labor and reducing wages”

The Gold Rush brought many people from around the world to America, including China. In the year 1852, California’s governor, John Bigler, suggested restricting Chinese immigration. In a public letter, Norman Assing, a prominent San Francisco merchant, restaurant owner, and community leader opposed Bigler’s idea. The excerpt from the letter reads, “The effect of your late message has been… to prejudice the public mind against my people, to enable those who await the opportunity to hurt them down, and rob them of the rewards of their toil… ” Assing sees Bigler’s idea as a method of turning other people against the Chinese, but truly the idea of restricting immigration from China is the part that shows social inequalities.

After the first wave of Chinese immigrants arrived in the United States in the early 1840s during the California Gold Rush, many Chinese people continued to travel across the Pacific, escaping poor conditions in China with hopes and ambitions for a better life in America. Many more Chinese immigrants began arriving into the 1860s on the Pacific coast for work in other areas such as the railroad industry. The immigrants noticed an increasing demand for their labor because of their readiness to work for low wages. Many of those who arrived did not plan to stay long, and therefore there was no push for their naturalization. The immigrants left a country with thousands of years of a “decaying feudal system,” corruption, a growing

Contrary to the United States’ initial warm welcome to Chinese immigrants, Canada began their era of peak Chinese immigration with hostility. One large factor in why this occurred can be found in the time frame of peak Chinese immigration to Canada which was after the United States enacted their Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) which effectively prevented almost all new Chinese immigrants from entering the US for the following decade. Because of that newfound barrier, Chinese that still wanted to come to North America to take advantage of economic opportunities found themselves purchasing tickets to British Columbia, Canada. However, sentiments towards Chinese in 1880s western Canada were analogous to those present in the United States; those which led to the enactment of America’s Chinese Exclusion Act. As Chinese populations in California continued to grow, Americans found that the Chinese began making economic conditions less than ideal for white laborers which later started social uproar in the latter half of the 19th century. Because Canada is directly adjacent to the United States, Canadians witnessed the economic woes of native-born laborers along the west coast. As a result, they became increasingly wary of Chinese currently in or the increasing number now entering Canada. Between January 1881 and October 1884, approximately 17,00 Chinese entered Canada. A Canadian fear of succumbing to the same economic

When thousands of Chinese migrated to California after the gold rush the presence caused concern and debate from other Californians. This discussion, popularly called the “Chinese Question,” featured in many of the contemporary accounts of the time. In the American Memory Project’s “California: As I Saw It” online collection, which preserves books written in California from 1849-1900, this topic is debated, especially in conjunction with the Chinese Exclusion Act. The nine authors selected offer varying analyses on Chinese discrimination and this culminating act. Some give racist explanations, but the majority point towards the perceived economic competition between

In the mid 19th century, America was viewed as a hotspot for freedom and wealth. When the noise of the gold rush flooded the world, immigrants started to see America more appetizing than ever. The Chinese saw America as a place to have a fresh start and as a place of refuge because of it’s generosity, so they immigrated to the west in great numbers. There was a large Chinese population in Virginia and all along the Pacific coast. Writers Mark Twain and Maxine Hong Kingston both wrote in great detail about the Chinese Immigrants. They went into detail about the immigrants and how they came over and why. Although Twain and Kingston both wrote about the immigrants in a positive light, Twain was sympathetic of the immigrants and Kingston focused more on their image and her ancestors.