preview

JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway Essay

Decent Essays

Liz, Choi
AP Biology (8th period)
Mrs. Mast
January 4th, 2017
JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway
As people survived in the Earth, they experienced four different seasons: spring, summer, fall, and winter. Each season have different weather conditions and our body had to adjust
In order to respond to message from environment, The JAK/STAT signaling pathway has three main components: receptor, JAK, and STAT. The receptor is on the cell surface waiting for a specific signals or ligands that fit into it. JAK stands for Janus kinase, Janus is the Greek word for god of transition and kinase is any type of enzymes that phosphorylate, giving energy by adding phosphate group, any type of proteins. JAK contains JAK tyrosine kinases which are the enzymes that can convey a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to another protein. There are four different types of JAK proteins: Tyk2 (Tyrosine kinase 2), JAK 1, JAK2, and JAK3. STAT stands for signal transducers and activator of transcription and it carries …show more content…

There are three main types of negative regulators. The easiest one is protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Their activity is opposite to the JAKs activity; SHP-1 carries two SH2 and it binds to phosphorylated receptors or JAK in order to capacitate dephosphorylation of signaling molecule instead of phosphorylation. Another example for PTPs is CD45 and it acts as a regulator through a portion of receptors. The second type is SOCS proteins (suppressors of cytokine signaling). When activated STATs initiates transcription on SOCS gene region, the SOCS protein will be made and it will bind to both receptors and JAK in order to turn off the signaling pathway. The last type is PIAS proteins and it has a structure of Zinc binding domain in center, a carboxyl domain, and preserved SAP domain located at terminus-N, which related to binding process. PIAS protein binds to phosphorylated STAT dimer and prevents it from binding with

Get Access