Kimball's Argument On Religion, And Cultures

The Catholic Church during the early 16th Century was rooted throughout Europe. The Church influenced every country and its respective monarchs through the Church’s wealth and power. The Catholic Church placed a tight hold on the general populace with individuals who went against the Church being branded as heretics and excommunicated. The wealth and power of the Church eventually caused the quality of the clergy to deteriorate. Priests became corrupt and subjected to their physical desires. They frequented taverns, gambled and kept mistresses. The reputation of the clergy were horrid as the general populace was relieved that “their priest [kept] a mistress” because it “[secured] their wives from seduction” The knowledge of the clergy degenerated as well as they were no longer required to learn and teach the Holy Scriptures because the Church dictated their actions. The pinnacle of the Church’s corruption was the sale of indulgences. An indulgence was the “extra-sacramental remission of the temporal punishment” sold by priests as a temporary relief from sins. The indulgences were then sold to the general populace for money as the monetization of a priest’s services. Johannes Tetzel was a prominent preacher of indulgences who relied on the money from the sales to subsidize the rebuilding of St. Peter’s basilica in Rome. The corrupt sales did not go unnoticed as Martin Luther, in an effort to stop the corruption of the Church, posted the 95 Theses on the door of a Castle

Is it possible to be a Muslim without believing the validity of the prophecies of Mohammed? Is it possible to be a Christian without believing in the resurrection of Jesus? My definition of religion transformed greatly during my studies the past few months. Even as a religion major at St. Olaf College I thought of religion very narrowly, as a construct of metaphysical beliefs. But I've come to realize that religion runs far deeper than my Lutheran mind previously conceived.

Arabia to Islam. All practicing Muslims accept belief in the ‘Six Articles of Faith’ and are

The church in the Medieval era, however, was incredibly powerful and mostly unopposed. Salvation, to the religious, was and remains the most important aspect of faith. Religion without a fate after death is almost entirely hopeless and borders on nihilistic. The Catholic church used this incessant fear to fuel their political vendettas. This is made evident by the attempted squelching of the Reformation sparked by Martin Luther as well as the expulsion of the Moriscos, Jews, and Protestants from Spain. The church had successfully convinced an entire continent that the only true way to attain eternal life was through the doctrine of the church. This gave the Pope authority, power, and uncontested control over the Christian people, for a

The men forged papal powers insulting the French, so that people would go against the Pope. The people believed in these lies and grew angry with the Pope demanding he be tried before the church council. Nogaret went with a army to capture the pope, in which they were successful. They held him as prisoner for two day and tortured him before he was freed by locals. However, the pope died soon after he escaped from Nogaret. In the eyes of many Christians this may be seen as unacceptable because they are being violent. Especially, since it’s the pope they are inflicting harm upon. The one man who is closer to God than anyone

rushed once more on me and turned my face eastward, saying, “This is the way you should pray!” the Templars again came into him and expelled him.This is important because If you ever did something wrong you would have a punishment. Also, this proves that they had low patience because they didn't care they still expelled the man.Document 7 states that to make matters worse, the crusading knights often abused and committed atrocities against Eastern Orthodox Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the areas through which they passed.This is interesting because This also shows they weren't patient because they would do this since they had low money and had to depend on one group.These reasons make the crusades more negative because they weren't patient and if you ever disobeyed them you were more than likely to get punished. This led to them being known as awful and cruel people because of all the bad things they would

The conjoined institutions were a new movement that combined religion and the military, which was unheard of at the time of the central Middle Ages. The joining of the two brotherhoods became known as the Knights Templar. Knights Templar encouraged fighting and slaying other people the will of God (ch. 5, rd. 4b, p. 184). It became an accepted idea that it was the will of God for the Knights Templar to kill non-believers and be rewarded for their victory (ch. 5, rd. 5, p. 190). The Knights Templar fought in the Crusades, which helped increase and boost the economy of Europe by expanding trade routes to new fertile lands (ch. 5, rd. 4b, p.

Clifford Geertz, in his essay “Religion as a Cultural System”, presents what he considers to be the definition of religion. According to him, religion is about symbols and people use these symbols as a guide for their view of the world and how they should behave in that world. Religion, states Geertz is “a system of symbols which acts to establish powerful, pervasive, and long-lasting moods and motivations in men by formulating conceptions of a general order of existence and clothing these conceptions with such an aura of factuality that the moods and motivations seem uniquely realistic” (Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures, page 90). What he is trying to do in this essay is provide the reader with a way of understanding religion by

Late in the year of 1095 Pope Urban announced on Tuesday, November 27 that he would hold a public session to make a great announcement. This was the beginning of what was to be the First Crusade . After having painted a real grim or somber picture the Pope made his appeal. He thought that western Christendom should march to the rescue of the East. Rich and poor alike should go and they should leave off slaying each other and instead fight a great war. Supposedly they thought it was God will and that God would lead them and Take care of them. During his speech Cries of "Dues le wolt! -- "God wills it!" - Interrupted his speech. Just after the Pope ended his speech the bishop of Le Puy fell to his knees and asked permission to join the "Holy Expedition." Hundreds crowded up to later follow his example.

Not even the pope wanted to be enemy of the Templars, the reason had to be something real big, could be anger when they refused to be by his side, and then the fear came in and decided that they were a menace for the crown or simply he did not want to pay them their past debt. There are many reasons that could be used as a motive and there are as many speculations and that is why, now a day over 700 years latter people still talking about the Knight Templar, about their power, size and reach over Europe to Jerusalem what they achieved and how they ended, betrayed by the church they defended and fought for, betrayed by a King that opened the gates of his kingdom for them to establish in a secure place to latter betray them, only one word could be adequate to describe the Knights Templar order end,

The group was founded in the year 1118 by Hugh de Payens, who later would become the first Grand Master of the Knight Templar. They are most widely recognized because of the red cross they wore on their tunics, though that right wasn’t given to the group until 1147 by Pope Eugene III (Biema). The knights were to protect people during their pilgrimage or travels to the Holy Land. The Knights had two groups.

The Papal Inquisitors of the Medieval Inquisition were violent people and, while they succeeded in removing heretics from society, they did so in an unholy way that caused fear and mistrust to surround the Medieval Catholic Church. In 1233, Pope Gregory IX charged the Dominicans, a religious order sanctioned in 1216, with the task of removing all Cathars and religious heretics

Partner treats all of this more as a fairy tale than actual fact and simply fantasies of the Enlightenment and Romance areas but also points out that "this does not mean that the story is trivial," and claims this Templar myth belongs to the poetic and visionary experience that is similiar to William Blake's poetry or the later Jungian psychoanalysis dream mysticism. However, this quick dismissal does not explain many of the parallels of their secret rites that the Templars confessed under torture to earlier sources that explain the heresy of the various Gnostic groups by the early heresy hunters of the Church. Their supposed idol of Baphomet also has many connections to spiritual movements that the Church would find at the very least suspicious -- including Medieval Witchcraft, Hermetism, the Ophites, Mandaeanism, and even Manichaean dualism. All of these movements would have eventually condemned in varying degrees by Orthodoxy. Partner also points out that the main source of criticism of the Tempalrs came from the same source of their main sponsorship and protection from the papacy. Pope Innocent III issued an especially vehement condemnation in a bull by smearing the Templar reputation by accusing them of all sorts of lurid conjectures including that they were liars and employed

greed when the church was built and dressed so lavishly. There were rumors of corrupt

People faced the rise and the fall of the Catholic Church during the medieval time. The Popes used to hold the final authority for the church and over the state. Pope Gregory VII asserted the Pope had granted the divine power from God because Saint Peter was the first of getting this