LESSON 5: INHERITANCE LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES • Introduction • Extending a Class • Defining a subclass • Subclass constructor • Multilevel inheritance • Hierarchical inheritance INTRODUCTION Inheritance is a feature by which a class acquires attributes of another class. Inheritance makes “Code Reusability” property applicable. The class that provides its attributes is known as the base class and the class that accepts those attributes is known as a derived class. It permits programmers to enhance their class without reconstructing it. Hence, an object of a derived class can use the accessible properties of the base class without defining it in the derived class. EXTENDING A CLASS The Inheritance property of JAVA allows subclasses for inheriting all the variables and methods of the parent classes. It has following forms: • Single inheritance (only one super class) • Multiple inheritance (several super class) • Hierarchical inheritance (one super class, many subclasses) • Multilevel inheritance (Derived from a derived class) JAVA uses secondary inheritance path in the form of interfaces to implement multiple inheritance. DEFINING A SUBCLASS The syntax of Subclass is: Class subclassname extends superclassname { Variables declaration: Methods declaration: } Extends keyword signifies that the properties of the superclassname are extended subclassname. Programe: Class Room { int len; int brth; Room (int a, int b) { len = a; brth = b; } int area ( )
1.1 An Explanation of each of the areas of learning and how these are interdependent.
Annie Murphy Paul started her Ted talk by asking everyone the question “When does learning begin?” While most people would answer preschool or kindergarten, where the child is under the guidance of a teacher, others may say anywhere from 0-3 years of age. This is primarily when children learn how to walk and talk. However, she explains that the fields of both psychology and biology have proved that fetuses start learning while they’re in the womb. Annie explains within her book Origins that the health and wellness of a child are effected during the 9 months of gestation.
A Lesson Before Dying, portrays the aspects of Grant Wiggins and Jefferson who lives on a segregated plantation in Bayonne Louisiana. Throughout history, Jim crow laws were inflicted upon blacks and whites and was still in effect in the 1940s when the novel was written by Gaines. Jefferson is falsely accused and given the death sentence for murdering a store owner because of his skin color. Jefferson is influenced and taught how to become a hero by Grant by keeping his faith and representing the difficulties black men face while building their masculine identity in the segregated south of Louisiana.
The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast two theorists on how children learn and develop and how their theories work in the early years setting. Piaget and Skinner are both very well known for their theories, they contrast each other as one shows the behaviourist view while the other shows the cognitive view. Piaget is a nativist, he believes that children learn best through active learning, doing for themselves. Whereas Skinner is an empiricist he believes that children’s knowledge is learnt from their sense experience and environment.
In the article titled “Memories from the Other: Lessons in Connecting with Students” the author Thomas Knestrict affords an autobiographical lens into the benefit of positive connections, as well the consequences when absent. Knestrict’s backstory is one in which he illustrates an educational system that creates the ‘other’ and works to marginalize ‘at risk’ students due to learning differences (Knestrict, 2006). As a result of these learning differences, he was placed on a slower academic track, which he suggests resulted in feelings of marginalization early in life. Educators would ultimately reinforce these feeling with such words as your lazy, your not a capable student, your learning disabled, and you 're not college material. The author states, “The overwhelming message I received every day was that I was different, not as good, and defective” (Knestrict, 2006, p. 3). The internalization of the negative messages hindered Knestrict’s construction of self because he held these messages to be true; thus, his self-image would ultimately reflect such belief.
When one chooses to focus on himself/herself and their own goals only, they lose their sense of hope in others and believe that they must escape from the world they live in. Sometimes, they even go as far as ignoring the people they love the most, and declining their request for help in time of dire need. However, an impactful event can be brought up in the world that changes their view from a selfish and self preservative perspective, to being committed to the issue, seeing it as the way to change their life and the community for the better. In Ernest J. Gaines’ novel, A Lesson Before Dying, introduces the reader to Grant Wiggins, who is a well educated school teacher in his mid twenties living a life in a segregated,
Some of the similarities between a Lesson Before Dying and Making a Murderer are that Jefferson and Steven Avery were both accused of the same crime, both were in the wrong place at the wrong time, and they were both innocent. First, in a lesson Before Dying Jefferson was accused of murdering Bear, Brother and Mr.Grope. In Making a Murderer Steven Avery was accused of murdering Teresa Halbach. Secondly,In a Lesson Before Dying jefferson was in the wrong place at the wrong time. Also in Making a Murderer Steven Avery Finally,in a lesson Before Dying we knew that Jefferson was innocent.Also, in Making a Murderer I think that steven avery was framed because they found that his blood sampul was tampered with. In conclusion, these are the similarities
Constructivist teaching. Muijs and Reynolds (2005) interpreted that the principles of constructivist teaching consider all learners construct knowledge for themselves, rather than absorbing knowledge directly from the teacher. This means that every pupil will learn something slightly differently from a particular lesson given. The assumption that pupils are active knowledge constructers has several consequences. For examples, the learners need to be active in order to construct knowledge or to learn effectively, teaching is about helping children construct their own meaning rather than training them to get the right answer without the actual understanding of the concept, and pupils learn best when new lessons are clearly related to what they already know,
Throughout history and in literature, black has always been portrayed as evil, whereas white has represented purity and light. These oversimplified stereotypes of something abstract as skin color has plagued our culture with racism and hatred. “A lesson before dying”, by Ernest J. Gaines tells a story that is set during late 1940’s. It in detail contradicts racism and in-justice throughout the novel. The story is focused on the interaction between Jefferson, a young and illiterate African American man, who is sentenced to death for an unjust crime, and Grant Wiggins, a teacher that wants to help Jefferson, but doesn’t know how.
Grant Wiggins is the narrator of the novel. He was born in the plantation just outside of Bayonne, Louisiana. He lived there until he went away to college, and when he went back home, he was detached from the people in the town because of his education and different religious beliefs. He is easily angered and often very selfish. This is seen in the way that he acts towards Vivian. He consistently does not give her the attention or respect that she deserves. He refers to her children as simply, “the babies,” and only cares about the names of his and Vivian’s future children. Grant goes from shallow and selfish at the beginning of the story, to caring and loving at the end.
To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee and A Lesson before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines are both set in the south during the early 1900’s which was full of growing racial oppression and forced segregation. Atticus Finch and Grant Wiggins were given the tough task: convincing everyone in the town that an African American man was not guilty of the crime he was claimed for. Although they may take different methods to approach their conclusion, the two white lawyers have the same goal to free the alleged men and change how African Americans are viewed.
In this story the author tells us about a girl named Sylvia, the narrator, who lives in a very low income family. A place where school is not a priority. A place where it is more important to be strong and hard, than to read a book. This was the thought anyway, before Miss. Moore moved in. She was a school teacher who took it upon herself to teach the neighborhood kids. On one summer afternoon in particular she was going to take the kids into town on a field trip. The kids are not at all happy about this because they know it is summer break and they are not supposed to be in school in the summer. They would rather be at the pool playin’, but Miss. Moore knows that if these kids want a chance at a better life,
The Behavioral Learning Theory believes that behavior is learned from either the environment, the people in the individual's life, the media, or society as a whole. This theory contradicts the Biological theory, which states that criminals are "born to be bad" and that criminal behavior is inherited. The behavioral theory looks at the environment as well as society's impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as the individual by saying it is a learned behavior and that it also was a choice they made. A basic assumption is that behavior is learned and modeled by individuals, groups, the media, and society as a whole.
The very first thing one must know about the constructivist theory of learning is the premise that learners arrive at learning situations with prior knowledge and proceed to take and active part in building new knowledge upon that prior knowledge as they experience new things and reflect on those collected experiences (Learning Theories Knowledgebase, 2012). This theory directly contradicts the behaviorist learning theory in which learners are believed to arrive at learning situations with “clean slates” of understanding. From a behaviorist’s perspective, people learn because as they respond to negative and positive stimuli in their environment (Learning Theories Knowledgebase, 2012). While that may change observable behavior
Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects rather than algorithms, this may contain data in the form of fields. it aims to incorporate the advantages of modularity and