The Virtuous Vanity of Isabella in Measure for Measure
Shakespeare's work, Measure for Measure, puts the "problem" in "problem play" as it, examines the difference between law and justice, virtue and goodness. It's a case study of abuse of power that has a particularly contemporary resonance. Isabella is a very intriguing Shakespearean female. She is one of the few intelligent females who are also innocent and holy. Measure for Measure focuses primarily on her moral dilemma. Does she save her brother and give up her valued chastity or does she save her own soul while allowing her brother to die? By playing on Elizabethan viewpoints concerning women, nuns, and chastity, Shakespeare uses Isabella in developing his plot and
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It is, therefore, questionable whether Shakespeare's audience would have approved of Isabella's skills at rhetoric. Although agreeing with her stance concerning Claudio (they, too, probably saw his punishment as excessive), they would not necessarily see Isabella as an entirely upright female.
The most significant aspect of Isabella's character is her desire to be a nun. This immediately establishes the importance of her chastity while at the same time aiding in characterizing the setting in Catholic Vienna. Her decision to enter into a convent is especially interesting considering the fact that Shakespeare's audience was predominantly Protestant. Reformation England abolished convents and monasteries and discontinued the practice of forcing celibacy on the clergy; however, there was still a certain reverence for the holiness of virginity. This respect for virginity was, to a certain extent, superficial. Elizabethans did not always make a distinction between chastity and virginity. Isabella's spiritual commitment to abstain from sex, her chastity, would be rendered false when there was an end to the physical state of virginity. Sleeping with Angelo, even under these unusual circumstances, would make her unsuitable for the convent. By diverging from his source materials and making Isabella a novice in a convent, Shakespeare further complicates
“ The belief that women were inherently inferior in intelligence, strength, and character was so persuasive that for men like Knox, a woman ruler was almost a contradiction in terms” (“Documents for Chapters 5&6”). In the 16th century, women were looked upon as a gender that should stay in the house and work, not have power and rule over a country. Discussing the govern of Queens during the 16th century, such as Mary Tudor, Lady Jane Grey, Mary, Queen of Scots, and Elizabeth I, allowed prejudices to be lessened but never completely be erased. No matter how these four notable ladies came into power, the accomplishments they overcame, achieved and wrote about proved to be great and substantial in making history as it is written today.
Claudio's sister Isabella is dragged out of the convent to plead for him, on the assumption that her superior virtue might move Angelo's heart to pardon her brother. Does it? No. Rather, it pierces right through Angelo's cold Puritanism and sets his heart and other bits on fire. We see through this carefully controlled man into the roaring pit that he has tried so hard to conceal. He falls a victim to the very passion he is prosecuting in Claudio; in doing so, he comes to represent the conflict between good and evil in Vienna as he struggles with the knowledge that he cannot control his own desires.
The relevance of chastity ties back to Shakespeare’s reflection of his own beliefs about sex before marriage. Prospero makes it explicitly clear to Ferdinand, “If thou doest break her virgin-knot before all sanctimonious ceremonies may with full and holy rite be ministered no sweet aspersion shall the heavens let fall to make this contract grow; barren hate sour-eyed disdain, and discord, shall bestrew the union of your bed with weeds so loath that you shall hate it both” (4.1.16-23). Prospero threatens Ferdinand to make a vow that he would not deflower Miranda before their marriage. In addition, Prospero mentions that sex before marriage will poison the lovers’ marriage, thus they will both grow to hate it. Shakespeare uses the phrase “bed with weeds” instead of the well known phrase “bed with roses” to indicate that nothing good can come from sexual intercourse before marriage. Weeds are unwanted and disliked by any gardener, whereas roses are beautiful and symbolizes purity. Therefore, through this dialogue, it is reveal that during Shakespearean times, people disapprove of the idea of a child out of wedlock. It is also important to mention that when Ferdinand first met Miranda, he
The Renaissance, in Europe, lasted from 1300 until 1600. The word “Renaissance” means “Reawakening” or “rebirth” which is exactly what occurred in Europe throughout this time period. The historical figure Isabella d'Este contributed and embodied the spirit of the Renaissance through her work,life,and legacy. The Renaissance focused on the revival of learning and art. Throughout this enthusiastic time period in Europe several new styles of art and literature were distinguished among people. The Renaissance spirit can be described as enthusiastic and experimental especially through its amazing arts. The historical figure Isabella d’Este leadership and title being the “First Women Of The Renaissance” contributed to the Renaissance. She played a great role in the government which was thought to be surprising since men were thought to outpower women during this time. Although women and men's equality rights are still not fair, Isabella d’Este helped it excell to a greater level.
In Measure for Measure, Shakespeare is able to examine the concept of right and wrong through the characters of Mistress Overdone and Mariana. Throughout the play, by using characters that most people would find morally reprehensible, Shakespeare is able to give the audience a different view of these people and, hopefully, show his audience that people aren't always what they appear to be. Through the character of Mistress Overdone, Shakespeare is able to bring a jovial side to the oldest job known to man -- prostitution. Through the character of Mariana, Shakespeare allows the audience to decide if two wrongs do, in fact, make a right. While the concepts of right and wrong are given a
As a means of showing the unjust view of women, Desdemona and Elizabeth’s deaths are caused by society’s
The characterisation of Jessica further challenges the role and expectations for women in the 16th century. Jessica is initially bound to her Jewish father, but later elopes with her lover, Lorenzo, defying the most prominent male in her life to live by her own free will; definitely not a common practice of her time. Jessica’s courage and strength which are exemplified through her actions and are also expressed in the quote; ‘I am a daughter to his blood; I am not to his manners’ (Act 2, Scene3, 18-19). When Jessica says this as she betrays her father to secretly marry Lorenzo, it is clear that she possesses a strong sense of defiance and strength against this dominant male, showing that she is free to be her own person and is not going to let her life be run by her father. This brave and controversial act by a young girl is in stark contrast to the expectations of 16th century society, revealing a hint of disrespect in the character of Jessica that is admired as a sign of her power. Overall, the actions of Jessica exemplify Shakespeare’s construction of women as powerful characters who
Shakespeare shows a fair amount of feminism throughout the play. He exploits the ways in which the men treat and think of women in order to show the audience that in fact it is wrong. He does this most prominently in the wedding scene. As we have already become attached to the character Hero, we feel sorry for her when she is shamed in front of everyone. In this scene, we can see how that all the men believe Claudio straight away making the audience frustrated
The high Middle Ages brought a dynamic change in the creation of Europe. During that time there was a strong political and economic difference (distinction) between Western and Eastern Europe. In the West, there was the beginning of present day England and France and in the East there was the beginning of present day Italy and Germany. This divide because of reasons such as the advancement of commerce, religion and feudalism help explain why Italy and Germany, but not England and France were slow to unite politically after the Middle Ages.
Through Emilia’s character, Shakespeare points out the double standards that exist between men and women. Emilia recognizes there 's a double standard when it comes to gender and fidelity and she emphatically objects:
“How would a modern audience view this play in a different way to an audience in Shakespeare’s time, particularly in relation to the role and status of women and attitudes to marriage and courtship?
Within Measure for Measure the character of Isabella is characterized as an innocent pure female, and there is a focus on her ever-present moral dilemma. By using Elizabethan perspectives on women, nuns, and chastity, Shakespeare uses Isabella to reveal character traits and morality of those around her. However in opposition Isabella made be seen as an individual who pontificates too much when her brother’s life is at stake, it is perhaps easier for Isabella to suffer the condemnation of a modern audience.
Desdemona can easily be seen to embody an example of the perfect women in an Elizabethan society, being beautiful, obedient, and high born. Her submissive nature is often seen through her own lines in the play, for example “I am obedient” (III.3.89) and her statement in act 4 when Othello tells her to go to bed she replies with “I will, my lord” (IV.3.9). She continues to comply throughout the play, and even in her last moment she lies for her husband saying that she took her own life. Emilia is the female character who’s strength is more obvious than the rest, shown by her open willingness to betray her husband even though she is aware of that it is not the proper thing to do. “Tis proper I obey him, but not now” (V.2.195). However she
What a sensation was made about the Sensation exhibition in the Brooklyn Museum of Art. The focus of Mayor Giuliani's outcry was the piece "The Holy Virgin Mary" by Chris Ofili. Funny, he didn't give attention to some of the other outrageous works including the pubescent female mannequins studded with erect penises, vaginas, and anuses, fused together in various postures of sexual coupling, or the portrait of a child molester and murder made from what appears like child hand prints or bisected animals in plexiglass tanks full of formaldehyde. Would it ever have made headlines with a different title, like "Afro-lady"? I don't think so. I guess targeting religion gets a little too personal. Giuliani said, "You don't have the right to
Shakespeare and the members of the Elizabethan era would be appalled at the freedoms women experience today. The docility of Elizabethan women is almost a forgotten way of life. What we see throughout Shakespeare’s plays is an insight into the female character as perceived by Elizabethan culture. Shakespeare’s female characters reflect the Elizabethan era’s image of women; they were to be virtuous and obedient and those that were not were portrayed as undesirable and even evil.