Medicare Psychotherapy

Over the last 8 years especially, the national spotlight has been focused on government programs, specifically Medicare and Medicaid, whether these opinions be positive or negative. Although many people believe that these governmental acts only include negative aspects, this is in fact wrong, as there are many positives. Medicare, the commonly known health insurance program for people 65 and older, has positively contributed to the American society for the past 50 years. Medicare has helped elders financially , increased the quality of care we give to elders, and provided more jobs throughout its existence.

Thoughtfulness regarding the points of interest of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) has generally centered around the new medication advantage and, to a lesser degree, to new installments and principles for private arrangement investment in Medicare. Less saw is a procurement in the law that made another measure of budgetary strength of the Medicare project to be incorporated in the yearly report of the Boards of Trustees of the Medicare Trust Funds. The new monetary measure built up by the MMA evaluates how a lot of Medicare spending is financed by broad incomes (basically made up of pay duties). At the point when general incomes surpass 45 percent of aggregate Medicare spending, general incomes

The essential target of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) was to furnish seniors in the United States with moderate scope for their physician endorsed solutions through the new Medicare Part D professionally prescribed medication advantage. After the MMA was implemented—however before Part D was actualized—there was a disagreement about the cost of the program. In March 2004, the Medicare Chief Actuary affirmed before the House Ways and Means Committee of United States Congress that he was requested by the (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services) CMS Administrator to smother his assessments of the ten-year cost of the program, which were considerably more noteworthy than unique Congressional Budget

One of this health care’s programs objective is to limit the number of uninsured (Shi & Singh, 2015). This controversial healthcare plan incorporates a privately funded insurance which is paid for through employment and solely by the patient and a publicly funded insurance by the government. Medicare is provided for senior citizens 65 and older, and Medicaid is provided for low income citizens. The federal government and state government both partake in the funding of Medicaid. Although insurance is provided to the low income through Medicaid, the United States continues to suffer from cost escalation spending 17.1 percent of GDP on healthcare in 2013, a 50 percent more than the second nation (Commonwealth, n.d.) The high cost and limited coverage continues to spark up the conversation for a

Medicare is a health insurance program purposely created for people over sixty five (65) years of age. However the service is open to people with certain disabilities or permanent kidney failures. The process of choosing the right Medicare involves having to weigh different plans on account of benefits of their cover. Different types of Medicare plans are important in: Inpatient hospital care, outpatient services, doctor visits, home health care, prescription drugs, and care in a skilled nursing facility among others. In addition, the program covers the cost of health care but does not cover all medical expenses including cost of long term care. If one ought to choose an original Medicare coverage, one may buy a Medicare supplement policy from a private insurance company to aid in coverage of costs that are not supported by Medicare. Most of these Medicare expenses are covered by a part of the pay role offered to workers by their employer. This paper covers different Medicare plans; A, B, C, D and their influence towards my decision on the best preferred option.

This worldwide phenomenon has been brought into focus by various health care reforms and other system-level developments (Farrar, Ryan, Ross, and Ludbrook, 2000). Meaning there are more claims on resources than there are resources available, some form of priority setting must occur. This making resources are scarce and there is a need, regardless of how many resources are available in total, to make choices about what to fund and what not to fund.

Since 1965, Medicare has been attempting to provide low cost, guaranteed access to much needed healthcare for senior citizens over the age of 65 and other age groups that suffer from disabilities and terminal diseases. These people represent some of the most vulnerable population groups in the United States. Most do not work, and rely on Medicare to provide them the access to healthcare they need. Unlike privatized health insurance companies, Medicare is a social insurance program that is paid for through federal mandates and tax payer funds. Billions of dollars are spent annually on over 50 million Americans in need (Alonso-Zaldivar 1). The care structure itself is broken into several main parts: Medicare Part A covers hospital costs, Part B cover most outpatient care costs, and Part C and D cover prescription drug costs through dealing with other private insurance. Yet, the upcoming election in November is threatening to change and alter the structure. Each candidate has his own plan to deal with Medicare; both are trying to reign in the costs of operating Medicare, but with some elements being obviously more beneficial for Medicare recipients than others.

Fifty years ago, Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Medicare program into law. “It has been a reliable guarantor of the health and welfare of older and disabled Americans by paying their medical bills, ensuring their access to needed health care services, and protecting them from potentially crushing health expenses.” (Hamel, Blumenthal, Davis, & Guterman, 2015, p. 479). With the encouragement of George W. Bush, congress passed the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA). The MMA extended Medicare to include prescription-drug coverage, known as Medicare Part D. In 2013, Medicare covered the health care expenses for 52.3 million Americans, costing $583 billon. Originally, Medicare had difficulty controlling costs; physicians and hospitals were

Medicare constitutes a federal health program of the U.S government that is intended to subsidies to individuals who are eligible for the following criteria (Medicare, 2014). Individuals above 65 years with permanent U.S. citizenship or legal residency for five years. Individuals with a disability who has gathered a two year Social Security. Individuals with kidney failure currently receiving dialysis or who requires a kidney transplant. As well as those who are suffering from Lou Gehrig's disease (Medicare, 2014).

This exercise point out some very important factors with regard to health care cost.  nursing homes and other health care delivery systems are faced with significant shortfalls in reimbursement for various reasons.  Medicare reimbursement often does not cover the full extent of treatment of individuals.  McPike (2008) notes that, “The insurance and hospital industries released a study today showing that underpayment by Medicare and Medicaid costs consumers and employers $88 billion more a year for health care as providers attempt to make up the difference.” Today with continue cutbacks in medicare reimbursement this number is significantly higher.  In an attempt to reclaim these losses, both self pay and privately insured patients are charge

The U.S has many payer systems which many believe it to be its downfall among other countries. This may be because many view it more as an economic business and not an overall wellness plan. The United States’ main public program of funding is Medicare, which once followed a standard form of payment. It is now envisioned as a futuristic model that encompasses the payments of providers. Medicare is a national social insurance program that is run by the government since 1966. Also unlike Great Britain system, the program provides health care to Americans over 65 years of age for those who have paid their work dues in the system. Medicare has also extended its reach to those Americans who may be veterans or disabled. Another huge form of payment to providers is through Managed care which can be beneficial to physicians in the fee for service and capitation aspect. While this form of payment is similar to Great Britain’s programs, their execution of it remains vastly different. Managed Care is a type of healthcare system with health care plans that has restrictions on its selection of facilities and health care providers at a reduced cost for the patient. Rather than come to a conclusion about better ways to negotiate with payers, U.S providers continue to rage war against

The cost of healthcare is increasing day by day while government can't correspondingly increase taxes. There are those who favor rationing by age, some who prefer rationing by disease and those who favor rationing by income. Rationing by age, by income, by disease, makes it unnecessarily complicated. What the United States needs is a multi-tier health care system. Rationing restricts prices, but it also confines access to critically needed care.

The rationing of Healthcare in the United States exist in many different forms. According to the medical dictionary (2002), “Healthcare rationing is the limitation of access to or the equitable distribution of medical services, through various gatekeeper control.” Healthcare rationing takes place when a treatment is denied by a healthcare provider or insurance company. Patients that have access to private health insurance is rationed based on the prices of the services in which they receive and also their ability to pay. Insurance companies pre-screen applicants that are applying for health insurance for pre-existing medical conditions and at this time a decision is made to either decline the applicant or apply a higher price for additional medical coverage. Individuals that receive state insurance such as Medicaid is restricted by the applicants’ income and assets limits as well as other federal and state edibility regulations. According to Shi & Singh (2015), “ Although uninsurance among adults has increased, lack of health insurance coverage among children declined from 13.2% in 2009 to 6.5% in 2011 (CDC 2011a), mainly because of the success of the CHIP program.”

The expansion of Medicare to cover and include all individuals below 65 years of age thus allowing for a single payer form of insurance in the United States. The paper will explore the financial possibilities of Medicare expansion to all individuals, which includes the required amount of money to do so as well as the long-term financial benefits. The paper will also explore the ethical benefits of a universal single payer healthcare system as well as comparisons between countries that have current single payer healthcare

All healthcare systems, regardless of funding mechanisms, ration the limited resources of health care to some degree (Petrou & Wolstenholme, 2000). Even setting limits on patient choice is a form of rationing that takes place in almost all countries’ health systems (Lauridsen, Norup & Rossel, 2007). In the United States, health care is rationed according to free market principles while other countries employ other means such as long wait times for non-acute conditions or delays in the