Both Rainer Werner Fassbinder and Todd Haynes have drawn on Sirk’s film melodramas in their films. Discuss the differences and similarities between their uses of Sirkian melodrama in their films Ali: Fear Eats the Soul and Far From Heaven. In developing your analysis you should engage with theoretical debates about these filmmakers’s work and theories of melodrama, and you should support your analysis through close reading of the films
Douglas Sirk, a Danish-German film director, is best known for being the father of Melodrama. He is commonly referred to as a master of the weepie (Willemen 1972) and has been an inspiration and paved the way for other directors to use and adapt his work. One film that has been embraced and recreated is
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In this way, audiences are made aware that if it weren’t for Cathy losing the scarf, they would have never embarked on their journey together.
Williams also states that victim-heroes are the focus of melodramas through recognition of the character’s virtue, where the victim’s point of view is the main concentration of melodrama. The protagonist’s moral virtue ultimately causes immense suffering, thus causing audiences to empathise with them (Williams 1998). In Far From Heaven, it is Cathy who is the virtuous individual who silently suffers to maintain equilibrium within her family and society at large. This is conveyed throughout the film as each event leads us to Cathy’s (the victim) recognition as virtuous through her suffering (Skvirsky 2008). In the first half of the film, Cathy decides she will do well by her husband Frank by bringing his dinner to the office as he is working late. Just as she arrives at his office late at night, Cathy discovers her husband, to her surprise romantically involved with another man. In the latter part of the film, Frank confronts Cathy. He demands to know whether rumours she had spent the afternoon with a man of colour, Raymond Deagon are true. Through the course of these events, Cathy gives up the
Not only does Cathy use her erotic ways to get what she desires, but she also uses physical pain and eventually, murder. After fighting with her father about Cathy’s attempt at running away, Cathy had had enough. One night Cathy leaves an apron in the oven of her house, locks all the doors, steals her father’s money, and leaves her parents to die in her childhood home, erupting into flames. Enjoying every second of her act and not feeling any remorse, Cathy’s cheeks “were bright with color and her eyes shone and her mouth turned up in its small childlike smile” (85). The murder of her parents is Cathy’s first real act of evil that Steinbeck shows in the book, showing how much hatred she is capable of and the extent to which she will go to get her way.
Therefore showing, Cathy had no liking of Samuel or her children and could not stand to be cared for. She had a way of destroying the life of anyone who crossed paths with her, and by biting Samuel’s hand, caused his livelihood to decline. Comparatively, later on in life Cathy ends up with the “fingers of both hands [constantly] bandaged”, due to severe arthritis (192). Cathy lived her life always harming others, with no guilt or regret and this was her punishment.
After Cathy was caught in her lies and was punished for it, she found herself drained and powerless until she met Adam and Charles Trask. When the men come in contact with Cathy, they both perceive different emotions toward her. While Charles thought she was unappealing, Adam fell “head-over-heals” for Cathy and she seized Adam’s foolishness as an opportunity for her to re-gain control. After Adam took her under his wings and her strength slowly built back up, he surrenders to her beauty and proposes. At this point, Cathy has Adam wrapped around her fingers but Charles sees through her malevolent behaviors.
Dante's use of allegory in the Inferno greatly varies from Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" in purpose, symbolism, characters and mentors, and in attitude toward the world. An analysis of each of these elements in both allegories will provide an interesting comparison. Dante uses allegory to relate the sinner's punishment to his sin, while Plato uses allegory to discuss ignorance and knowledge. Dante's Inferno describes the descent through Hell from the upper level of the opportunists to the most evil, the treacherous, on the lowest level. His allegorical poem describes a hierarchy of evil.
Passions drive people, and the townspeople in “The Lottery” and Paul in “The Rocking-Horse Winner” are no different. Each of the members of the unnamed town has a strong passion for tradition. The original black box used for the lottery is described as being, “lost long ago, and the black box now resting on the stool had been put into use even before Old Man Warner, the oldest man in town, was born” (Jackson 251). This sentence gives the reader an understanding that the lottery is an ancient tradition that has become an integral part of the town’s lifestyle. Such a tradition can only be carried on for this length of time if the people are passionate about preserving the tradition. Paul had a passion to be wealthy as a way to prove to his mother that he was lucky. From a young age, he saw that his family always wanted more money to support a better lifestyle, yet
The purpose of this essay is to analyse the original drama text with a newer film version, while comparing the
Most parents feel some sort of love towards a child they conceive, even if they can't afford to keep it. Cathy on the other hand, never felt any sort of connection to her children, as seen when she tried to abort them. Furthermore, Cathy's evilness leads her to kill Faye. When Cathy, or Kate, gave Faye her tonic, she would “carefully squeeze a few drops of clear liquid into the glass, a tincture of nux vomica.”(248) Even though Kate actually loved Faye in a motherly way, she felt it necessary to poison her slowly. She even felt some sadness when she actually died, “from violence she went into a gloomy stupor”(251). Perhaps from realizing what she had done. Although her remorse shows traits of humanity, the actual killing she did proves her to be an actual monster. Not only were her actions corrupt, but her appearance also gave off an uneasy vibe.
Her sly and calculated personality prevents her from completing a task without precise and careful planning. Therefore, when Cathy, a being who lacks a certain aspect of humanity, initially meets Adam Trask, she sees a weak, motherless, puppy-like man she can easily manipulate. She acts under the false pretense of what Adam longed for the most: motherly care. However, to many readers and characters, Cathy seems
Sympathy, another theme in this book, can have the same amount of impact on an individual. Instead of it having a negative reaction to the reader it has a superior reaction to the reader. ?Lee Chong? knew he could not have helped it, but he wished he might have known and perhaps tried to help. It was deeply a part of Lee?s kindness and understanding that man?s right to kill himself is inviolable, but sometimes a friend can make it unnecessary?(Page 2). Lee was having compassionate sentiments for the man who committed suicide. He had a deep feeling that he could of helped in someway to convince the man that his life was worth living. A side story that was important to the theme of Sympathy was a story about Mrs. Kitty Casini a mouse and Mary Talbot ?Kitty Casini had a mouse?Daintily she stabbed the mouse through the back and drew it wriggling to her and her tail flicked with tense delight? ?I can?t blame Kitty Casini? said Mary. ?I?m just not going to like her no matter how much I want to??(Pages 155-156). Mary had intense sympathy for that mouse that with no doubt died a tragic death. She went to the extreme of disliking on of her favorite cat. Sympathy can bring about the good in people. Sympathy for loved ones or strangers can surprise one for their intense emotions.
When confronted by Adam for the first time since she shot him, Cathy (Kate) admits to thinking that she is more than human and that she is invincible: “I’d rather be a dog than a human. But I’m not a dog. I’m smarter than humans. Nobody can hurt me. Don’t worry about danger” (321). Cathy believes that because she feels nothing and has no emotions that she is a superior being. By being unattached from the world, she is living a smarter life. Cathy believed that caring only for herself and not feeling emotion was a strength, where in reality, it was her only weakness. This weakness can be looked at as a disability. When Cathy is first introduced in the book, the narrator compares a lack of emotion to physical disability: “I believe there are monsters born in the world to human parents. SOme you can see, misshapen and horrible, with huge heads or tiny bodies; some are born with no arms, no legs, some with three arms, some with tails or mouths at odd places… As a child may be born without an arm, so one may be born without kindness or the potential of a conscience” (71). Despite not having any physically crippling attributes, Cathy’s lack of a conscience is equally as crippling. By thinking she is a more superior being, and not someone with a mental disability, she is destroying
Requiem for a Dream details the lives of four individuals and how they each deal with their problems by attempting to escape reality. The four main characters depicted in the movie are Harry, Marion, Tyrone, and Sara. Harry is the main protagonist, and the film shows his progression into isolation as he sacrifices his relationships with his mother (Sara) and his girlfriend (Marion) due to his addiction and delusions. Each of the characters has their own individual struggles in their lives, but the film is interesting because they all attempt to escape into a world of their own delusions by using substances. The movie shows the audience a wide range of addiction and dependence through drug use, but it is not solely the use of drugs that fuels the character’s behavior. Use of legal and illicit substances is broadly shown within the film, and that is what stands out the most when viewing the film. However, the characters also have other ways of escaping their reality that sends them further down the path of destruction.
Until Mr. Edwards, Cathy always had control. When he finally realizes her evil and attempts to kill Cathy, “fear overcame her, and she tried to run” (98). Humans are often scared, and fear can blind them of rationality. Cathy is usually calculated and does not take risks, but fear causes her to impulsively run, which leads to Mr. Edwards knocking her down and almost killing her. Cathy’s fear gives her a human weakness, therefore connecting evil to humanity
This essay is based on films of the same story, told in different ways, with emphasis, themes, meaning and interpretation shaped or shaded by the situation of the storyteller; the cinematic mise-en-scene. Based on the same story, the films reveal and reflect the film-maker’s social norms and views, emerging from their different national contexts. While exploring the two films, this essay will examine elements of film language or semiotics: color saturation (or black and white), sound, setting, type of camera angles used; repetition of visual motifs (Metz, 1985). The two films explored were made in the 1960s. Neither film is American, yet both reveal influences and reflections on American cinema and American power; the Western film, adherence or detracting from Hollywood Classical cinema tropes, i.e. close-ups, shot-reverse-shot, POV, depth of field (Bazin, 1985: 128-9). The two films are Kurasawa’s Yojimbo (1961) and Leone’s Fistful of Dollars (1964), from Japan and Italy, respectively. How are they different; how similar? Why do they use the same plot,
Hamlet, one of the most intricate and influential plays by Shakespeare, debatably of all time. It has inspired not only appreciative readers and writing critiques but continuous generations of people. The inspiration led to the fabrication of many great movies, which wasn’t achievable until the 20th century. Before cinema was the prevalent method of sharing appreciation and spilling emotion for a specific subject, art portrayed what would fly through our minds such as the many interpretations of Ophelia’s death. With the imagery put into motion we can try and pick apart how certain people might view the play being portrayed and choose what best suits our expectation of this tragedy. Other things that only film has been able to present to
There are many ways to supplement a story in order to add lucidity. It is done through literary devices and Tim O'Brien's "The Things They Carried" is no different. "The Things They Carried" is a narrative about a soldier at war in Vietnam. However, this story provides multiple layers of meaning through O'Brien's tone and style that help the reader further understand it. Both of these literary devices are embedded in the story and gradually help define it.